Irwan Muas
Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Jl. Ragunan 29 Pasar Minggu Jakarta 12540

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Kebergantungan Dua Kultivar Pepaya terhadap Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula Muas, Irwan
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 15, No 2 (2005): Juni 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Abstract

Dua kultivar pepaya telah diinokulasi dengan lima spesies cendawan mikoriza arbuskula (CMA) dalam sebuah percobaan di rumahkaca. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kebergantungan dua kultivar pepaya terhadap cendawan mikoriza. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumahkaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, dari bulan Agustus sampai November tahun 2001. Penelitian ini disusun menurut rancangan acak kelompok dalam pola faktorial dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah isolat CMA, terdiri dari lima jenis ditambah kontrol (kontrol, Glomus etunicatum, Glomus manihotis, Gigaspora margarita, Acaulospora tuberculata, dan Scutellospora heterogama). Faktor kedua adalah kultivar pepaya, yaitu dampit dan sarirona. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua kultivar pepaya dapat berasosiasi dengan lima spesies CMA. Isolat A. tuberculata dan G. etunicatum serta kultivar sarirona, secara mandiri memberikan nilai lebih tinggi terhadap serapan fosfor, bobot kering pupus, dan relative mycorrhizal dependency (RMD). Acaulospora tuberculata dan G. etunicatum meningkatkan bobot kering pupus berturut-turut 1.137 dan 1.768% lebih tinggi dibanding kontrol, dengan nilai RMD 89,18 dan 94,29%. Kultivar sarirona mempunyai serapan fosfor, bobot kering pupus, dan nilai RMD yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dampit. Penggunaan CMA mempunyai prospek yang baik untuk meningkatkan produktivitas pepaya terutama pada lahan bereaksi masam dan rendah fosfor.Mycorrhizal dependency of two papaya cultivars. Two papaya cultivars were inoculated with five species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) in a greenhouse experiment. The aim of this experiment was to study mycorrhizal dependency on two papaya cultivars. The experiment was conducted at the Screenhouse of Agriculture Faculty of Padjadjaran University, Bandung, from August until November 2001. This experiment was laid in a randomized blocks design in factorial pattern with three replications. The first factor was the AMF isolates i.e. five AMF isolates plus control (control, Glomus etunicatum, Glomus manihotis, Gigaspora margarita, Acaulospora tuberculata, and Scutellospora heterogama). The second factor was papaya cultivars, consisted of dampit and sarirona. The results showed that both papaya cultivars could associated with five species AMF isolates. Acaulospora tuberculata, and G. etunicatum isolates, and sarirona cultivar independently gave higher phosphorus uptake, shoot dry weight, and relative mycorrhizal dependency (RMD). Acaulospora tuberculata, and G. etunicatum isolates increased shoot dry weight 1,137 and 1,768% respectively higher than control, with RMD values were 89.18 and 94.29%. Sarirona cultivar showed higher phosphorus uptake, shoot dry weight, and RMD values than dampit cultivar. The utilization of AMF has good prospect to increase papaya productivity, especially on acid and low phosphorus soils.
Peranan Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula terhadap Peningkatan Serapan Hara Oleh Bibit Pepaya Muas, Irwan
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 13, No 1 (2003): Maret 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Abstract

Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran lima jenis isolat cendawan mikoriza arbuskula dalam meningkatkan serapan hara dan biomassa dua kultivar bibit pepaya. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, dari bulan Agustus 2001 hingga Januari 2002. Penelitian ini disusun berdasarkan rancangan acak kelompok pola faktorial dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah jenis isolat cendawan mikoriza terdiri dari kontrol, Glomus etunicatum, Glomus manihotis, Gigaspora margarita, Acaulospora tuberculata dan Scutellospora heterogama, dan faktor ke dua adalah kultivar pepaya Dampit dan Sari Rona. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa derajat infeksi akar bibit pepaya pada umur dua bulan setelah inokulasi dipengaruhi oleh efek interaksi antara isolat cendawan mikoriza dan kultivar pepaya. Isolat A. tuberculata, G. etunicatum, dan Gi. margarita menunjukkan derajat infeksi akar yang sangat tinggi, yaitu lebih  dari 76% untuk kedua kultivar pepaya, sedangkan dua jenis isolat lainnya menunjukkan tingkat infeksi yang lebih rendah (21,33%-59,67%). Serapan hara N, P, K, dan bobot kering pupus, secara mandiri dipengaruhi oleh jenis isolat cendawan mikoriza dan kultivar pepaya. Acaulospora tuberculata dan G. etunicatum meningkatkan bobot kering total bibit berturut-turut 1.028% dan 1.632% lebih tinggi dibanding kontrol. Kultivar Sari Rona menunjukkan serapan hara N, P, K, dan bobot kering pupus lebih tinggi dibanding kultivar Dampit. Prospek aplikasi cendawan mikoriza untuk tanaman pepaya cukup baik, namun masih memerlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui keefektifan dalam efisiensi penggunaan pupuk. Katakunci:  Carica papaya; Bibit; Mikoriza arbuskula; Serapan hara; Pertumbuhan. ABSTRACT. An experiment was aimed to find out the role of five arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus isolates in increasing nutrient uptake and biomass production on two cultivars of papaya seedling. The research was conducted at a screen house of Agricul- ture Faculty, Padjadjaran University, from August 2001 until January 2002. This experiment was laid in Randomized Blocks Design in factorial pattern with three replications. The first factor was the kind of mycorrhizaes isolates, con- trol, Glomus etunicatum, Glomus manihotis, Gigaspora margarita, Acaulospora tuberculata and Scutellospora heterogama, and the second factor was papaya cultivars of Dampit and Sari Rona. The results showed that root infec- tion level of papaya seedlings on two months after inoculation influenced by interactions between mycorrhizaes iso- late and papaya cultivars. Acaulospora tuberculata, G. etunicatum, and Gi. margarita isolates showed very high root infection level which was higher than 76% from both papaya cultivars, whereas two other mycorrhizaes isolate showed the lower infection 21.33-59.67%. Nutrient uptake on N,P,K, and shoot dry weight, in autonomous caused by kinds of mycorrhizaes isolate and papaya cultivars. Acaulospora tuberculata and G. etunicatum isolates increased to- tal dry weight 1.028% and 1.632% respectively higher than control. Sari Rona cultivar showed higher nutrient uptake on N, P, K, and shoot dry weight than Dampit cultivar. The mycorrhizaes application for papaya have good prospect, but there needs further studies to know the effectiveness in fertilizer efficiency.
Peranan Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula terhadap Peningkatan Serapan Hara Bibit Pepaya Muas, Irwan
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 13, No 1 (2003): Maret 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran lima jenis isolat cendawan mikoriza arbuskula dalam meningkatkan serapan hara dan biomassa dua kultivar bibit pepaya. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, dari bulan Agustus 2001 hingga Januari 2002. Penelitian ini disusun berdasarkan rancangan acak kelompok pola faktorial dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah jenis isolat cendawan mikoriza terdiri dari kontrol, Glomus etunicatum, Glomus manihotis, Gigaspora margarita, Acaulospora tuberculata dan Scutellospora heterogama, dan faktor ke dua adalah kultivar pepaya Dampit dan Sari Rona. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa derajat infeksi akar bibit pepaya pada umur dua bulan setelah inokulasi dipengaruhi oleh efek interaksiantara isolat cendawan mikoriza dan kultivar pepaya. Isolat A. tuberculata, G. etunicatum dan Gi. margarita menunjukkan derajat infeksi akar yang sangat tinggi, yaitu lebih  dari 76% untuk kedua kultivar pepaya, sedangkan dua jenis isolat  lainnya menunjukkan tingkat infeksi yang lebih rendah (21,33%-59,67%). Serapan hara N, P, K, dan bobot kering pupus, secara mandiri dipengaruhi oleh jenis isolat cendawan mikoriza dan kultivar pepaya. Acaulospora tuberculata dan G. etunicatum meningkatkan bobot kering total bibit berturut-turut 1.028% dan 1.632% lebih tinggi dibanding kontrol. Kultivar Sari Rona menunjukkan serapan hara N, P, K, dan bobot kering pupus lebih tinggi dibanding kultivar Dampit. Prospek aplikasi cendawan mikoriza untuk tanaman pepaya cukup baik, namun masih memerlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui keefektifan dalam efisiensi penggunaan pupuk. Katakunci:  Carica papaya; Bibit; Mikoriza arbuskula; Serapan hara; Pertumbuhan. ABSTRACT. Muas, I. 2003. Role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus on nutrient uptake of papaya seedlings. An experiment was aimed to find out the role of five arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus isolates in increasing nutrient uptake and biomass production on two cultivars of papaya seedling. The research was conducted at a screen house of Agriculture Faculty, Padjadjaran University, from August 2001 until January 2002. This experiment was laid in Randomized Blocks Design in factorial pattern with three replications. The first factor was the kind of mycorrhizaes isolates, control, Glomus etunicatum, Glomus manihotis, Gigaspora margarita, Acaulospora tuberculata and Scutellospora heterogama, and the second factor was papaya cultivars Dampit and Sari Rona. The results  showed that root infection level of papaya seedlings on two months after inoculation influenced by interactions between mycorrhizaes isolate and papaya cultivars. Acaulospora tuberculata, G. etunicatum, and Gi. margarita isolates showed very high root infection level which was higher than 76% from both papaya cultivars, whereas two other mycorrhizaes isolate showed the lower infection 21.33-59.67%. Nutrient uptake on N,P,K, and shoot dry weight, in autonomous caused by kinds of mycorrhizaes isolate and papaya cultivars. Acaulospora tuberculata and G.etunicatum isolates  increased total dry weight 1,028% and 1,632% respectively higher than control. Sari Rona cultivar showed higher nutrient uptake on N, P, K, and shoot dry weight than Dampit cultivar. The mycorrhizaes application for papaya have good prospect, but there needs further studies to know the effectiveness in fertilizer efficiency.
Peranan Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula terhadap Peningkatan Serapan Hara oleh Bibit Pepaya Muas, Irwan
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 13, No 2 (2003): Juni 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui peran lima jenis isolat cendawan mikoriza arbuskula dalam meningkatkan serapan hara dan biomassa dua kultivar pepaya. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, dari bulan Agustus 2001 hingga Januari 2002. Penelitian ini disusun berdasarkan rancangan acak kelompok pola faktorial dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah jenis isolat cendawan mikoriza terdiri dari kontrol, Glomus etunicatum, Glomus manihotis, Gigaspora margarita, Acaulospora tuberculata, dan Scutellospora heterogama, dan faktor ke dua adalah kultivar pepaya dampit dan sari rona. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa derajat infeksi akar pada bibit pepaya umur dua bulan setelah inokulasi dipengaruhi oleh efek interaksi antara isolat cendawan mikoriza dan kultivar pepaya. Isolat A. tuberculata, G. etunicatum, dan Gi. margarita menunjukkan derajat infeksi akar yang sangat tinggi, yaitu lebih dari 76% untuk kedua kultivar pepaya, sedangkan dua jenis isolat lainnya menunjukkan tingkat infeksi yang lebih rendah (21,33-59,67%). Serapan hara N, P, K, dan bobot kering pupus, secara mandiri dipengaruhi oleh jenis isolat cendawan mikoriza dan kultivar pepaya. Acaulospora  tuberculata dan G. etunicatum meningkatkan bobot kering total bibit berturut-turut 1,028 dan 1,632% lebih tinggi dibanding kontrol. Kultivar sari rona menunjukkan serapan hara N, P, K, dan bobot kering pupus lebih tinggi dibanding kultivar dampit. Prospek aplikasi cendawan mikoriza untuk tanaman pepaya cukup baik, namun masih diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui keefektifan dalam efisiensi penggunaan pupuk. Kata kunci:  Carica papaya; Bibit; Mikoriza arbuskula; Serapan hara; Pertumbuhan. ABSTRACT. The experiment was aimed to find out the role of five arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus isolates in increasing nutrient uptake and biomass production on seedlings of two cultivars of papaya. The research was conducted at a screen house of Agri- culture Faculty, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, from August 2001 until January 2002. This experiment was laid on a randomized block design of factorial pattern with three replications. The first factor was the kind of mycorrhizal iso- late, control, Glomus etunicatum, Glomus manihotis, Gigaspora margarita, Acaulospora tuberculata, and Scutellospora heterogama, and the second factor was papaya cultivars of dampit and sari rona. The results showed that root infection level of papaya seedlings at two months after inoculation was influenced by interactions between mycorrhizal isolates and papaya cultivars. Acaulospora tuberculata, G. etunicatum, and Gi. margarita isolates showed very high root infection level which were higher than 76% for both papaya cultivars, whereas two other mycorrhizal isolates showed lower infection 21.33-59.67%. Nutrient uptake of N,P,K, and shoot dry weight, in auton- omous caused by kinds of mycorrhizal isolates and papaya cultivars. Acaulospora tuberculata and G. etunicatum iso- lates increased total dry weight 1.028% and 1.632% respectively higher than control. Sari rona showed higher nutrient uptake of N, P, K, and shoot dry weight than dampit. The mycorrhizal application for papaya has good prospect, but further studies are required to determine the fertilizer efficiency.
Observation Test of Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) from Several Regions in West Sumatera Indriyani, Ni Luh Putu; Ihsan, Farihul; Hadiati, Sri; Budiyanti, Tri; Riska, Riska; Jumjunidang, Jumjunidang; Mansyah, Ellina; Muas, Irwan
Bioscience Vol 8, No 2 (2024): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/bsc.v8i2.129070

Abstract

The open pollinating of durian produces diversity that allows for indigenous selection. The aim of the research is to raise the potential of the genetic resources of West Sumatran durian to become a new superior variety. Observation tests were carried out in Sijunjung, Tanah Datar, Padang Pariaman, Sawahlunto, and Pesisir Selatan The variables observed were qualitative and quantitative characters, using the descriptor for durian and guidelines for preparing horticultural variety descriptions. Observations of qualitative and quantitative characters were carried out on plants, stems, leaves, flowers and fruit. From the results of the observation test, 4 new superior varieties have been registered, namely Kalumpang Sijunjung with Minister of Agriculture Decree No: 039/Kpts/SR.120/ D.2.7/6/2014, Tambago Sungai Tarab with Minister of Agriculture Decree No:015/Kpts/SR.120/D.2.7/2/2016, Kunik Tandikek with Minister of Agriculture Decree No: 258/Kpts/SR.130/D/III/2021, Sawah Kubang with Minister of Agriculture Decree No:225/Kpts/PV.240/D /VI/2023 and one prospective of durian variety of Pesisir Selatan which which is currently being processed in registering local varieties. In order for new varieties to develop, there needs to be a development program from local governments to stakeholders.  Apart from that, activities to increase the potential of durian genetic resources in West Sumatera need to continue.