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Effects of Freezing and Drying Methods on the Characteristics of Instant Corn Grits Hernawaty Husain; Tien R Muchtadi; Sugiyono .; Bambang Haryanto
Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan Vol. 17 No. 3 (2006): Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, IPB Indonesia bekerjasama dengan PATPI

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Abstract

Bassang is a traditional food of Makassar mainly made of corn grits. The food takes about 23 hours of traditional preparation. This lengthy process leads to a need for a technological innovation for a quicker preparation. In this study corn kernels were ground into grits. The corn grits were then gelatinized, frozen and dried using cabinet, fluidized bed, oven, and vacuum dryers. Soaking of kernels in 1% sodium citric followed by slow freezing yielded better results compared to soaking in calcium chloride followed by steaming and quick freezing. Oven drying yielded better results compared to cabinet, vacuum and fluidized bed drying, in relation to the porous characteristics and rehidration time. Instant corn grits can be cooked for 7 minutes. Key words : corn, bassang, drying, instant.
Effect of Drying with Far Infrared Dryer, Oven Vacuum, and Freeze Dryer on the Color, Total Carotene, Beta-Carotene, and Vitamin C of Spinach Leaves (Amaranthus Tricolor L.) Asep Sopian; Ridwan Thahir; Tien R Muchtadi
Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan Vol. 16 No. 2 (2005): Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, IPB Indonesia bekerjasama dengan PATPI

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Abstract

Spinach is a well known vegetable as a source of nutrition especially for is carotene. Soinach leaves need to be dried for application in product development of food like biscuit, extruded products and analysis. One the drying method that became popular is drying using infrared wave. The aim of this research was to compare the effect of blanching and drying (far infrared dryer, oven vacuum, and freeze dryer) on the color, total carotene, beta-carotene, and vitamin C of spinach leaves. Blanching and drying of increased brightness, a value, and b value. The a value is shows spinach brightness in mix red-green color while b value shows mix blue-yellow. Total carotene of fresh spinach decreased by 10.47% after blanching. Drying with vacuum decreased the total carotene by 39.31% (with blanching) and 31.66 (with blanching). Drying with freeze dryer decreased the beta carotene by 4.99% (with blanching) and 18.60% (with blanching). Drying with FIR dryer decreased spinach total carotene by 34.90% (with blanching) and 24.86% (with blanching). The beta-carotene of fresh spinach with balancing treatment decreased of by 16.53%.drying oven vacuum decreased the beta carotene by 42.80% (wiyh blanching) and 18.91% (with blanching). Drying with freeze dyer decreased the beta carotene by 29.03% (with blanching) the beta carotene. The decreased of beta-carotene is bigger than total carotene. Vitamin C of fresh spinach decreased by 20.35% after blanching. Drying with oven vacuum decreased of 55.77% (without blanching) and 65.42% (with blanching) f the vitamin C. drying with freeze dryer decreased the vitamin C by 13.21% (without blanching) and 30.67% (with blanching). Meanwhile, the vitamin C of spinach after drying with FIR dyer decreased of 60.53% (without blanching) and 70.29% (with blanching). Key words: Spinach, drying, blanching, far infra red dyer, oven vacuum, freeze dyer, total carotene, beta carotene, vit C.