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All Journal TEKNIK METANA Akta Agrosia
Amin Nugroho
Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University Semarang
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Computer Science & IT Engineering

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KONVERSI ELEKTROKIMIA AMONIA MENJADI HIDROGEN Ratnawati, Ratnawati; Sumarno, Sumarno; Nugroho, Amin
TEKNIK Volume 31, Nomor 2, Tahun 2010
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (180.368 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v31i2.1771

Abstract

One of the most dangerous pollutants in wastewater is ammonia. The concentration of ammonia inwastewater discharged from nitrogen fertilizer industry is up to 1500 ppm. Ammonia can be removed byseveral methods such as biological denitrification, air-stripping, and ion exchange. The methods cannotreduce the concentration of ammonia to a low level as required for standard quality of wastewater. Theelectrochemical method has recently attracted attention for the treatment of wastewater containing ammonia.This research is aimed to evaluate the effect of ammonia concentration, current density, and time on theelectrolysis process. Synthetic wastewater containing 500-1500 ppm of ammonia was used in this research.The solution was electrolyzed in a electrolytic cell with Pt/SS electrodes. The experiment was conducted byvarying current density in the range of 5 – 10 mA/cm2 and time from 0 to 105 minutes. The experiment resultsshow that as current density rises, the electrolytic reaction occurs more rapidly. On the other hand, initialconcentration of ammonia has negative effect on the final conversion of ammonia.
Kinetika Reaksi Transesterifikasi Minyak Kedelai Menjadi Biodiesel Menggunakan Katalis Padat Ramah Lingkungan K2O/CaO-ZnO Aribowo, Windarto; Nugroho, Amin; Istadi, I.
TEKNIK Vol 40, No. 3 (2019): Desember 2019
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (387.897 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v40i3.24080

Abstract

Katalis padat yang ramah lingkungan K2O/CaO-ZnO memiliki keunggulan untuk proses reaksi transesterifikasi meliputi sifat basa heterogen aktif, kelarutan rendah, kekuatan mekanik yang baik, dan dapat digunakan kembali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kinetika reaksi transesterifikasi minyak kedelai menjadi biodiesel menggunakan katalis padat K2O/CaO-ZnO untuk mendapatkan model persamaan laju reaksi heterogen. Kajian meliputi: prediksi mekanisme yang sesuai dengan data eksperimen melalui analisis ketergantungan perubahan laju reaksi terhadap perubahan masing-masing reaktan dan perumusan persamaan akhir laju reaksi. Persamaan laju reaksi yang dihasilkan dapat dipakai untuk perancangan reaktor. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme reaksi yang terjadi mengikuti mekanisme Eley-Rideal, dimana metanol yang teradsorpsi pada permukaan katalis bereaksi dengan trigliserida (minyak kedelai) pada fase cairnya menghasilkan biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester) dan gliserol. Persamaan laju reaksi yang diperoleh digunakan dalam perancangan reaktor sehingga hubungan antara berat katalis yang dibutuhkan dengan konversi trigliserida menjadi biodiesel dan perhitungan volume reaktor yang dibutuhkan dapat dilakukan.
Sintesa Metil Ester Sulfonat dari Minyak Jarak Pagar (Jathropa Curcas Oil) dan Aplikasinya pada Proses Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Nugroho, Amin; Buchori, Luqman
METANA Vol 15, No 1 (2019): Juni 2019
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1009.911 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/metana.v15i1.22666

Abstract

Konsumsi minyak bumi mengalami peningkatan dari tahun ke tahun, sementara produksinya cenderung mengalami penurunan. Produksi minyak bumi dapat ditingkatkan dengan oil recovery. Sejak tahun 1980, teknik Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) dengan menggunakan surfaktan sebagai penginjeksi (surfactant flooding) merupakan salah satu teknik yang paling berhasil untuk meningkatkan produksi minyak. Surfaktan dapat dibuat dari bahan alami, salah satunya dari minyak jarak pagar. Tujuan dari percobaan ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengaruh waktu reaksi dan pengaruh penambahan metanol terhadap metil ester sulfonat (MES, surfaktan) yang dihasilkan dalam operasi sulfonasi. Surfaktan yang diperoleh kemudian diaplikasikan dalam proses EOR. Proses pembuatan MES dari minyak biji jarak dilakukan melalui 2 tahapan yaitu proses esterfikasi dan transesterifikasi dengan katalis batu dolomite. Metil ester (ME) yang diperoleh kemudian disulfonasi untuk mendapatkan MES. Konsentrasi surfaktan anionik dalam produk dianalisa dengan spektrofotometer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa MES yang memiliki kandungan surfaktan anionik paling tinggi diperoleh pada waktu reaksi 90 menit dan penambahan metanol dengan konsentrasi 40%wt yaitu sebesar 55,464 mg/L. Uji kompatibilitas didapatkan larutan berwarna keruh (koloid), sedangkan tegangan antarmukanya sebesar 17,71 dyne/cm dan tegangan antarmuka pada suhu 80oC adalah 26,57 dyne/cm. Petroleum consumption has increased from year to year, while production tends to decline. Petroleum production can be increased by oil recovery. Since 1980, the Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) technique using surfactants as injectors (surfactant flooding) is one of the most successful techniques for increasing oil production. Surfactants can be made from natural ingredients, one of them from jatropha oil. The purpose of this experiment was to examine the effect of reaction time and the effect of adding methanol to methyl ester sulfonate (MES, surfactant) produced in sulfonation operations. The surfactants obtained are then applied in the EOR process. The process of MES production from castor oil is carried out through 2 stages, namely esterfication and transesterification with dolomite catalyst. Methyl esters (ME) were obtained then sulfonated to obtain MES. The concentration of anionic surfactants in the product was analyzed by a spectrophotometer. The results showed that the MES which had the highest anionic surfactant content was obtained at the reaction time of 90 minutes and the addition of methanol with a concentration of 40% wt was 55.464 mg/L. Compatibility test obtained colloidal colored solution (colloid), while surface tension was 17.71 dyne/cm and surface tension at 80oC was 26.57 dyne/cm.
Penampilan Morfologis Galur-Galur Harapan Kedelai Hasil Persilangan Varietas Malabar dan Kipas Putih Nugroho, Amin; Suryati, Dotti; Chozin, Mohammad
Akta Agrosia Vol 18 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Badan Penerbitan Fakultas Pertanian (BPFP), Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Bengkkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (5332.155 KB)

Abstract

The increasing demand for soybean is driven by population growth and development of industry. The current import of soybean should be considered as pragmatic solution to fill the gap between supply and demand. In the long term, the domestic production of soybean has to be increased to minimize the dependency on imported soybean. As part of soybean breeding program for yield improvement, this study was undertaken to evaluate the performances of five elite lines (11 AB, 13 ED, 14 DD, 19 BE, and 25 EC) derived from cross of Malabar and Kipas Putih as compared to their parental varieties and Tanggamus (commercial variety). The evaluation was set up in a completely randomized block design with three replications. Significant variations among the genotypes were found on plant height, flowering date, number of fertile node, hundred seed weight, plant biomass, and protein and lipid contents, but not on number of productive branch, maturity date, pod number, yield per plant, and yield per plot. In most cases, the evaluated lines had intermediary performances between their parental varieties, although some lines produced earlier flowering, larger seed, higher protein content, and lower lipid content. 11 AB exhibited a superiority over its parental and Tanggamus in term of plant biomass and protein content.
Co-Authors Aribowo, Windarto I. Istadi Luqman Buchori Mohammad Chozin, Mohammad Ratnawati Ratnawati Sumarno . Suryati, Dotti