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All Journal Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Jurnal Pengembangan Penyuluhan Pertanian
L. K. Nuswantara
Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Tembalang Campus, Semarang 50275
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences Veterinary

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Kecernaan Dan Fermentabilitas Nutrien Rumput Gajah Secara In Vitro Ditanam Dengan Pemupukan Arang Aktif Urea Widodo, Y. P.; Nuswantara, L. K.; Kusmiyati, F.
Jurnal Pengembangan Penyuluhan Pertanian Vol 13, No 24 (2016): Desember
Publisher : UPPM Politekik Pembangunan Pertanian Yogyakarta Magelang (Polbangtan Yoma)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1188.896 KB) | DOI: 10.36626/jppp.v13i24.95

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengkaji pemupukan arang aktif urea pada rumput gajah terhadap kecernaan bahan kering (KcBK), kecernaan bahan organik (KcBO) dan produksi VFA. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan yaitu T1=0% (tanpa arang aktif) dengan urea 1,0 g/tanaman , T2=5 g arang aktif dengan urea 1,0 g/tanaman, T3=10 g arang aktif dengan urea 1,0 g/tanaman dan T4=15 g arang aktif dengan urea 1,0 g/tanaman. Parameter  yang diamati : Kecernaan bahan kering, kecernaan bahan organik, produksi VFA, Produksi NH3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang nyata (P<0,05) pemupukan arang aktif urea terhadap kecernaan bahan kering, kecernaan bahan organik, produksi VFA dan produksi NH3. Simpulan penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa pemupukan arang aktif urea pada T3 dan T4 menghasilkan kecernaan (bahan kering dan bahan organik) serta fermentabilitas (produksi VFA dan NH3) nutrien rumput gajah secara in vitro yang tertinggi.
THE EFFECTS OF SYNCHRONIZATION OF CARBOHYDRATE AND PROTEIN SUPPLY IN SUGARCANE BAGASSE BASED RATION ON BODY COMPOSITION OF SHEEP Wati, N. E.; Nuswantara, L. K.; Wahyono, F.; Pangestu, E.; Achmadi, J.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 40, No 4 (2015): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.40.4.222-228

Abstract

The objective of this research was to study the effects of synchronization of carbohydrate and protein supply in sugarcane bagasse based ration on the body composition of sheep. The studywasconsistedoftwo steps of experiment. The first step of experiment used two rumen cannulated adult rams to create formulation of three diets with different synchronization index, namely 0.37; 0.50 and 0.63 respectively. The experimental diets were designed to be iso-energy, iso-nitrogenous and iso-neutral detergent fibre (iso-NDF). The second step of experiment was to determine the body composition of sheep fed the experimental diets, which were created in the first experiment. The body composition of fifteen rams were determined on week 0; 4; and 8 of experimental period, these were accomplished using the technique of urea dilution. The alteration of synchronization index did not affect on feed intake, ratio of ruminal acetate to propionate and serum glucose concentration, but dry matter (DM) digestibility was affected (P<0.05) by the treatment of synchronization index in the diet. The alteration of synchronization index in the diet did not affect on the percentage of body protein, fat and water significantly, though body weight of sheep gained slightly during the experimental period.
Nitrogen degradation of the limestone-urea mixtures in the rumen of goats Harahap, M. A.; Nuswantara, L. K.; Pangestu, E.; Wahyono, F.; Achmadi, J.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 43, No 3 (2018): September
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.43.3.282-288

Abstract

This experiment was aimed to study the degradation kinetics of limestone-urea mixtures in the goats rumen using the nylon bag technique. Samples of limestone were obtained from two limestone mountains, Pamotan Subdistrict of Central Java Province and Wonosari Subdistrict of Yogyakarta Province. The mixtures were created by combining urea at levels 25, 50, 75and 100%; respectively with two limestones on the basis of their Ca contents: L0U100, LP25U75, LP50U50; LP75U25, LW25U75; LW50U50; and LW75U25. The soluble fraction, potentially degradable fraction, the degradation rate of potentially degradable fraction, and effective degradation of respective dry matter (DM) and nitrogen (N) ruminal degradation kinetics were measured in each mixture. The mixture of LP75U25 had lowest effective and degradation rate of potentially degradable fraction (P<0.05) respectively for DM and N compared with those of other mixtures. In conclusion, the limestone-urea mixture of LP75U25 could be suggested as a dietary supplement of ruminal N slow release.
COMBINATION OF SOYBEAN MEAL AND Hibiscus tiliaceus LEAF IN THE GOAT DIET: EFFECT ON SOME PARAMETERS OF CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM Armayanti, A. K.; Nuswantara, L. K.; Achmadi, J.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 40, No 3 (2015): September
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.40.3.153-158

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to clarify effect of the combination of waru leaf (Hibiscus tiliaceus) sapponin with soybean meal protein in the goat diet on some parameters of carbohydrate metabolism. The study used 16 Ettawah cross bred male goats with body weight average of 16 kg and aged at 7 months. The dietary treatments were: T0 = total mixed ration (0.09% of Hibiscus tiliaceus leaf sapponin, 8.69 % of CP, 62.11% of TDN), T1 = T0 + 3% soybean meal protein, T2 = T0 + 6% soybean meal protein, and T3 = T0 + 9% soybean meal protein. The treatments were allotted in a completely randomized design, with 4 treatments and 4 replicates of each. The results showed that dietary treatments did not effect significantly (P>0.05) on intakes of dry matter, carbohydrate, energy, ruminal butirat and valerat concentrations. Crude protein intake, feed digestibility, ruminal acetate and propionate concentrations, ratio of non-glucogenic to glucogenic VFAs, and estimated methane production were increased (P<0.05) by dietary experiments. The protein supplementation in a Hibiscus tiliaceus leaf contained diet should be balanced with the energy level.
EFFECT OF SYNCHRONIZATION OF CARBOHYDRATE AND PROTEIN SUPPLY  IN THE SUGARCANE BAGASSE BASED DIET ON MICROBIAL PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN SHEEP Achmadi, J.; Suhada, A. T.; Nuswantara, L. K.; Wahyono, F.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 41, No 3 (2016): September
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.41.3.135-144

Abstract

The experimental research was conducted to clarify the effect of synchronization of ruminal carbohydrate and protein releases from sugarcane bagasse based diet (SBBD) on microbial protein synthesis in sheep. The first experiment was the formulation of three SBBD with similar nutrient content but differed in synchronization indexes (namely 0.36; 0.50 and 0.63). The in sacco nutrient degradability coefficient was used to calculate the synchronization index of each feedstuff. The second experiment was determination of post feeding ruminal pH, ruminal concentrations of total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level in sheep fed on experimental SBBD. The third experiment was determination of feed digestibility and estimation of microbial nitrogen synthesis (MNP) on the basis of excreted urinary allantoin. The alteration of dietary synchronization index did not change nutrient intake, but the digestibilities of DM, OM and CP were increased (P<0.05). The post feeding ruminal pH was decreased (P<0.05) but concentrations of post feeding ruminal TVFA and NH3-N, and level of BUN were increased (P<0.05) by the treatment of dietary synchronization index. The treatment of dietary synchronization index improved MNP (P<0.05), although dietary synchronization index at 0.63 lowered the MNP (P<0.05). 
COMBINATION OF SOYBEAN MEAL AND Hibiscus tiliaceus LEAF IN THE GOAT DIET: EFFECT ON SOME PARAMETERS OF PROTEIN METABOLISM Akhsan, F.; Nuswantara, L. K.; Achmadi, J.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 40, No 2 (2015): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.40.2.100-106

Abstract

Sixteen Ettawah cross bred goats were used to study the effect of waru leaf (Hibiscus tiliaceus)sapponin combined with soybean meal protein supplementation on some parameters of proteinmetabolism. Goats had body weight average of 16 kg and aged at 7 months. The experimental dietswere: T0 = total mixed ration (0.9% saponin of hibiscus leaf, 8% CP, 62% TDN), T1 = T0 + 3% soybeanmeal protein, T2 = T0 + 6% soybean meal protein, and T3 = T0 + 9% soybean meal protein. Thetreatments were allocated in a completely randomized design. The parameters observed in this studywere dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) intakes, DM and CP digestibilities, ruminal amonia andVFAs concentrations, blood urea level, nitrogen retention, digestible organic matter in rumen (DOMR),urinary allantoin, and estimated microbial nitrogen (N) synthesis. DM intake, DOMR, urinary allantoinand estimated microbial N synthesis were not affected significantly (P>0.05) by treatments. CP intake,DM and CP digestibilities, ruminal amonia and VFAs concentrations, blood urea level and nitrogenretention increased (P<0.05) with increasing levels of soybean meal protein. Balancing energy levelshould be considered for the dietary protein supplementation in Hibiscus tiliaceus leaf contained diet of goat.
SYNCHRONIZATION OF CARBOHYDRATE AND PROTEIN SUPPLY IN THE SUGARCANE BAGASSE BASED RATION ON IN SITU NUTRIENT DEGRADABILITY Sani, F. F.; Nuswantara, L. K.; Pangestu, E.; Wahyono, F.; Achmadi, J.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 41, No 1 (2016): March
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.41.1.28-36

Abstract

Two adult male sheeps fitted with rumen cannula were used in two experiments to study the effects of synchronization of carbohydrate and nitrogen supply in sugarcane bagasse based total mixed ration (TMR) on in situ nutrient degradation. The first experiment was aimed to create three TMR with different synchronization index. Ingredient feedstuffs of TMR were evaluated for its in situ organic matter (OM) and nitrogen (N) degradation kinetics. On the basis of the OM and N degradation kinetics of feedstuffs, three sugarcane bagasse based TMR were formulated with synchronization indexes of 0.37; 0.50; and 0.63; respectively. The TMR had similar levels of crude protein (CP), total digestible nutrients, and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). In the second experiment, the three TMR with different synchronization index were evaluated for in situ degradability characteristics of OM, CP, NDF, and sulfur. The in situ degradation of OM in TMR were decreased (P<0.05) with the increasing of synchronization index. The higher synchronization index in TMR increased (P<0.05) CP degradation of CP. The NDF degradation decreased slightly by the alteration of synchronization index in TMR. The higher synchronization index in TMR reduced (P<0.05) in situ sulfur degradation, and this may not support to effects of synchronization of carbohydrate and nitrogen supply.  
Co-Authors A. K. Armayanti, A. K. A. T. Suhada, A. T. E. Pangestu F. Akhsan, F. F. F. Sani, F. F. F. Kusmiyati F. Wahyono Harahap, M. A. J. Achmadi N. E. Wati, N. E. Widodo, Y. P.