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Imposition of Import Duty and Taxes in the Context of Importation of Medical Devices in terms of Basic Health Rights as Human Rights Wahyu Andrianto; Fadhlan Zamzami Sitio; Atika Rizka Fajrina
SOEPRA Vol 7, No 2: Desember 2021
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24167/shk.v7i2.2735

ABSTRACT: The right to health is one of the human rights listed in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as a basic right of every individual and is non-derogable. Post- amendment, Article 34 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution mandates; "The state is responsible for the provision of adequate health care facilities and public services." Additionally, article 98 of the Health Act confirms that the Government is responsible for the supply of pharmaceutical and medical devices that are safe, beneficial, qualified, and affordable. However, to this day the government still imposes import duties and taxes for imported medical devices, even though 90.3 percent of domestic medical device demands are supplied by imported goods. Naturally, the imposition of import duties and PDRI for medical devices will impact in increasing the costs of procurement of medical devices. This study aims to analyze the correlation between the imposition of import duty tariffs as well as the PDRI of medical devices and the principle of fulfilling the basic health rights mandated by laws and regulations. Therefore, this research was conducted in a juridical-normative approach. This study was conducted within the limitation of secondary data. Tools of data collection were in the form of document studies and interviews. Based on the conducted study, the researchers concluded that the imposition of import duties and taxes on medical devices is not in line with the principles mandated by law, specifically in the aspect of qualified and affordable medical device supply. Therefore, this study suggests that the government should consider reassessing the regulation of import duty and tax rates of imports for medical devices in order to fulfill access to health for everyone. Keywords: Import Duties, Basic Health Rights, Human RightsABSTRAK: Hak atas Kesehatan (right to health) merupakan bagian dari hak asasi manusia yang tercantum dalam Deklarasi Universal Hak Asasi Manusia sebagai hak dasar dari setiap individu dan tidak dapat dihilangkan. Setelah diamandemen, Pasal 34 ayat (3) Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 mengamanatkan bahwa; “Negara bertanggung jawab atas penyediaan fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan dan fasilitas pelayanan umum yang layak.” Kemudian, Pasal 98 Undang-Undang Kesehatan menegaskan bahwa Pemerintah bertanggung jawab atas sediaan farmasi dan alat kesehatan yang aman, bermanfaat, bermutu dan terjangkau. Meski begitu, hingga saat ini pemerintah masih mengenakan bea masuk dan PDRI terhadap alat kesehatan impor, padahal 90,3 persen kebutuhan alat kesehatan dalam negeri dipasok oleh barang impor. Pengenaan bea masuk dan PDRI pada alat kesehatan akan berimbas pada bertambahnya biaya pengadaan alat kesehatan. Tulisan ini menganalisis korelasi antara pengenaan tarif bea masuk dan PDRI alat kesehatan tersebut dengan prinsip pemenuhan hak dasar kesehatan yang diamanatkan peraturan perundang–undangan, dengan pendekatan yuridis-normatif. Penelitian dilakukan dengan batasan penggunaan data sekunder dan alat pengumpulan data berupa studi dokumen dan wawancara. Berdasarkan studi yang dilakukan, peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa pengenaan bea masuk dan pajak impor terhadap alat kesehatan tidak sejalan dengan apa yang diperintahkan oleh undang-undang, bahwa sediaan alat kesehatan harus bermutu dan terjangkau. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menyarankan agar pemerintah berkenan meninjau ulang pengaturan tarif bea masuk dan PDRI terhadap alat kesehatan demi pemenuhan akses kesehatan untuk setiap orang.Kata kunci : Bea Masuk, Hak Dasar Kesehatan, Hak Asasi Manusia

Hospital Social Function Reviewed from the Health Law (Verdict Analysis No. 381/Pid.B/2014/PN.TK and Baby Debora Case) Wahyu Andrianto; Rita Vania Kusumayaningtyas; Rizky Muthiarani
SOEPRA Vol 7, No 1: Juni 2021
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24167/shk.v7i1.2714

Abstract: This paper discuss about the hospital social function. The focus of this research is to discuss about the hospital social function in Indonesia according to the health law. This research is done through a literature study and an analysis on verdict No. 381/Pid.B/2014/PN.TK and Baby Debora Case. This research is a normative juridical research using a qualitative method with a descriptive type. The result of this research conclude that although there is a legislation that regulates the hospital social function, there are still hospitals in Indonesia that has not performed their social function properly. The result of this research suggest that hospitals should maximize the implementation of social functions. The government should organizing the availability of affordable health facilities, periodically socialize the hospital’s social functions to hospitals in Indonesia. Furthermore, the government should maximize the implementation of monitoring function and development function.Keywords: Emergency, hospital social function, poor patients Abstrak: Skripsi ini membahas mengenai fungsi sosial rumah sakit. Fokus dari penelitian ini adalah mengenai fungsi sosial rumah sakit di Indonesia menurut hukum kesehatan. Pembahasan dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan dan analisis Putusan No. 381/Pid.B/2014/PN.TK serta Kasus Bayi Debora. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian dengan tipe deskriptif, bentuk yuridis normatif dengan metode analisis data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun sudah ada peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur mengenai fungsi sosial rumah sakit, tetapi masih ada rumah sakit di Indonesia yang belum melaksanakan fungsi sosialnya dengan baik. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyarankan agar sebaiknya rumah sakit memaksimalkan pelaksanaan fungsi sosialnya agar pasien yang kurang/tidak mampu dapat memenuhi kebutuhan akan pelayanan kesehatan. Selain itu untuk pemerintah sebaiknya menyelenggarakan dan memastikan tersedianya fasilitas kesehatan yang terjangkau bagi masyarakat, melakukan sosialisasi berkala berkaitan dengan fungsi sosial rumah sakit kepada rumah sakit-rumah sakit di Indonesia, serta memaksimalkan pelaksanaan fungsi pengawasan dan fungsi pembinaan khususnya berkaitan dengan hak dan kewajiban dari pasien dan rumah sakit.Kata Kunci: Fungsi sosial rumah sakit, gawat darurat, pasien tidak mampu

Tanggung Jawab Dokter Dan Rumah Sakit Terhadap Tindakan Emergency Pembedahan Orthopaedi Atika Rizka Fajrina; Wahyu Andrianto; Saskia Tuksadiah
Supremasi Hukum: Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Vol 30, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33369/jsh.30.1.91-107

This journal discusses the responsibilities of doctors and hospitals in emergency orthopaedic measures. It also discusses the role of informed consent in such measures. The author sharpens this research by analyzing verdict No.11/PDT.G/2015/PN.KWG and No.96/PDT.G/2017/PT.BDG. Problems tackled in this journal include the responsibilities of doctors and hospitals as well as informed consent in orthopaedic emergency measures. Sri Lestari filed a torts lawsuit in the form of malpractice as stipulated in Articles 1365, 1366, and 1367 of the Indonesian Civil Code. Emergency action is said to be against the law if it fulfills the elements in Article 1365 of the Civil Code. Furthermore, to determine whether a doctor and hospital can be held responsible and are obliged to provide compensation, it is essential to discern the relation between the tort done and losses incurred. In this journal, the research method used is normative juridical with descriptive research. From the results of this study, it is suggested that there is a need for supervision from the hospital regarding all medical actions taken by health workers to avoid errors in handling patients.Keywords: Doctor; Hospital; Responsibility; Tort; Tulisan ini membahas tanggung jawab hukum dokter dan rumah sakit serta peranan informed consent dalam tindakan emergency orthopaedi. Penulis menganalisis Putusan No.11/PDT.G/2015/PN.KWG dan No.96/PDT.G/2017/PT.BDG. Dalam putusan tersebut, SL mengajukan gugatan perbuatan melawan hukum terkait malpraktek sebagaimana yang diatur di dalam Pasal 1365, 1366, dan 1367 KUHPerdata. Metode penelitian yang dipergunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan tipe penelitian, yaitu deskriptif. Untuk dapat dikategorikan perbuatan melawan hukum, maka harus memenuhi unsur-unsur Pasal 1365 KUHPerdata. Selain itu, untuk menentukan seorang dokter dan rumah sakit dapat bertanggung jawab dan memberikan ganti rugi, harus ada hubungan kausalitas antara kesalahan dan kerugian yang ditimbulkan. Dalam putusan ini, dokter dan rumah sakit tidak dapat dimintakan pertanggungjawaban atas kerugian yang diderita oleh SL. Perlu adanya pengawasan dari pihak rumah sakit terhadap segala tindakan medis yang dilakukan oleh tenaga kesehatan untuk menghindari terjadinya kesalahan dalam melakukan penanganan terhadap pasien.Kata kunci: Dokter; Rumah Sakit; Tanggung Jawab; Perbuatan Melawan Hukum;

TINJAUAN PERBANDINGAN PENYELENGGARAAN TELEMEDICINE ANTARA INDONESIA DAN AMERIKA SERIKAT Wahyu Andrianto; Atika Rizka Fajrina
Jurnal MHKI Vol 1 No 02 (2021): Oktober
Publisher : Masyarakat Hukum Kesehatan Indonesia

Nowadays, the use of telemedicine is growing due to the existence of the Covid-19 pandemic, Indonesia is no exception. Even so, the United States had implemented telemedicine long before the Covid-19 pandemic struck. The United States as a superpower country is far more advanced in implementing telemedicine, in terms of technology and regulations. Therefore, this study aims to determine the implementation of telemedicine in the United States so that a new concept can be obtained that can be applied in Indonesia, considering that telemedicine has a major role in modern health services. The form of research used in this study is a normative juridical form and is a descriptive type of research. The most striking difference from the comparison results is the existence of guidelines prepared by the ATA in each health sector. Meanwhile, in Indonesia regulations regarding telemedicine is considered new. However, the existence of guidelines per health sector is important to improve the quality of health service delivery, make it easier for doctors to provide health services, create more trust, standardize the implementation, and also as a form of fulfilling the right to health according to the Constitution.

Pasien: Konsumen Yang Unik Thalia Prameswari; Wahyu Andrianto
Jurnal MHKI Vol 1 No 02 (2021): Oktober
Publisher : Masyarakat Hukum Kesehatan Indonesia

April 20th is celebrated as National Consumer Day, while World Patient Safety Day is celebrated every September 17th. The two commemoration days prove that consumers and patients have a fundamental position, both sociologically and legally. In Indonesia, there are several laws and regulations that provide legal protection for patients. One of them is the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. However, the question arises regarding whether the patient is a consumer as referred to in the Consumer Protection Act. This is certainly interesting to analyze so that the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection can provide legal benefits, especially regarding legal protection for patients as consumers.

Delegation of Authority within Medical Procedures from Doctors to Nurses Based on Health Law (Case Study Number 1167/Pid.B/2010/PN.Sda) Adilla Meytiara Intan; Wahyu Andrianto; Rizky Muthiarani
Soepra Jurnal Hukum Kesehatan Vol 8, No 1: Juni 2022
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24167/shk.v8i1.2742

Abstract: This paper discusses the delegation of authority in medical actions, which are preventive, diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitative actions for patients delegated by doctors or dentists to nurses. This paper aims to identify and describe the arrangements regarding the procedures and requirements for the delegation of authority in medical treatment. In addition, it is also intended to identify the types of legal liability for medical actions that have been delegated. The method used in this study is qualitative with a statutory approach. The discussion is carried out through an analysis of decision number 1167/Pid.B/2010/PN.Sda to identify the responsibility of medical personnel and nursing staff if there is negligence or malpractice against the delegation of authority from medical personnel. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the delegation of authority in medical actions must be comprehensively regulated in the legislation, including in the event of an emergency.Keywords: delegation of authority, medical action, doctors, nurses, health law. Abstrak: Tulisan ini membahas mengenai pelimpahan kewenangan dalam tindakan medis, yakni merupakan tindakan berupa preventif, diagnostik, terapeutik dan rehabilitatif terhadap pasien yang dilimpahkan oleh dokter atau dokter gigi kepada perawat. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan pengaturan mengenai tata cara dan persyaratan pelimpahan kewenangan dalam tindakan medis. Selain itu juga ditujukan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis pertanggungjawaban hukum terhadap tindakan medis yang telah dilimpahkan kewenangannya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini kualitatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan. Pembahasan dilakukan melalui analisis putusan nomor 1167/Pid.B/2010/PN.Sda untuk mengidentifikasi pertanggungjawaban tenaga medis dan tenaga keperawatan apabila terdapat kelalaian atau malpraktik terhadap pelimpahan kewenangan dari tenaga medis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa pelimpahan kewenangan dalam tindakan medis harus diatur secara komprehensif di dalam peraturan perundang-undangan, termasuk jika terjadi kondisi emergency.Kata Kunci: pelimpahan kewenangan, tindakan medis, dokter, perawat, hukum kesehatan.

Peran Asas Umum Pemerintahan yang Baik dalam Eksekutorial Putusan Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara Muhammad Qabul Nusantara; Wahyu Andrianto
PALAR (Pakuan Law review) Vol 8, No 4 (2022): Volume 8, Nomor 4 Oktober-Desember 2022
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PAKUAN

Asas Umum Pemerintahan yang Baik (AUPB) sebagai dasar pelaksanaan pemerintahan oleh Pejabat Tata Usaha Negara. Hal tersebut diatur dalam Undang-Undang Administrasi Pemerintahan yang menyebutkan mengenai AUPB sebagai prinsip pelaksanaan pemerintahan serta dasar gugatan pada Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai peran AUPB dalam Eksekutorial Putusan PTUN serta kekuatan AUPB sebagai landasan eksekutorial Putusan PTUN. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian hukum dengan jenis penelitian normatif yaitu penelitian hukum yang menggunakan data sekunder yang meliputi bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan tersier, yang mengacu pada norma hukum, peraturan perundang-undangan, penggunaan asas hukum, sistematika hukum, serta sinkronisasi hukum. Peran AUPB dalam eksekutorial Putusan PTUN sebagai bentukÂ kepatuhan Pejabat dalam melaksanakan putusan PTUN yang berkaitan dengan pembatalan dan pencabutan atas keputusan yang pernah dikeluarkan, serta dikaitkan dengan AUPB sebagai landasan dalam menyelenggarakan pemerintahan. Jenis asas yang mengatur tentang AUPB apabila Pejabat pemerintah tidak melaksanakan keputusan PTUN melanggar asas kepastian hukum, sebab apabila putusan PTUN telah ada namun tidak ada eksekusi dapat menciptakan ketidakpastian hukum khususnya bagi masyarakat atau badan hukum yang telah mengajukan gugatan. AUPB memiliki kekuatan untuk eksekutorial putusan PTUN, sebab AUPB wajib dilaksanakan dan dijunjung oleh penyelenggara negara sebagai landasan dalam menjalankan pemerintahan. Ketika pejabat tidak menjalankan putusan TUN, secara tidak langsung pejabat tersebut telah melanggar AUPB.

Implementasi Dwangsom sebagai Upaya Paksa dalam Mewujudkan Kepastian Hukum bagi Pelaksanaan Putusan PTUN Chintya Ruth Arini Purba; Wahyu Andrianto
Ministrate: Jurnal Birokrasi dan Pemerintahan Daerah Vol 5, No 1 (2023): Birokrasi dan Pemerintahah di Daerah 10
Publisher : Jurusan Administrasi Publik FISIP UIN SGD Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/jbpd.v5i1.23969

The State Administrative Court, as an absolute prerequisite for the realization of good governance in a government system, should have a decision that can always be implemented by the losing Defendant so that actions or decisions that harm the community can be immediately corrected, revoked, and a new decision issued by the Government as Defendant. However, in practice, this decision from the TUN Court often needs to be obeyed or implemented. In fact, the Administrative Court Law has provided for the execution of a verdict that Defendant has not implemented within a certain period of time. Particularly in condemnatory decisions, the Administrative Court Law provides coercive measures in the form of dwangsom or forced money to force the Defendant to comply with the decision of the State Administrative Court. Until now, the dwangsom mechanism is still unclear and has resulted in differences in the mechanism for imposing dwangsom by the Panel of Judges who decided on the payment of the dwangsom, which in fact, creates legal uncertainty in the implementation and regulation of dwangsom. Therefore, this analysis will discuss in depth the mechanism for submitting and requesting the imposition of dwangsom, including discussing the Defendants who may be subject to the burden of paying dwangsom.

The Postponed Regional Head Elections in Emergency Situations: a Constitutional Democracy Perspective in Indonesia Fikri Ahsan; Wahyu Andrianto; Djarot Dimas Achmad Andaru; Mohamad Mohamad Hanapi
Yustisia Vol 12, No 2: August 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/yustisia.v12i2.64638

The postponement of regional head elections may be done when the country is declared in a state of emergency. Emergencies such as war, economic crises, disease epidemics, and natural disasters affect the constitutional rights of citizens regulated by the 1945 Constitution. Therefore, legal instruments are needed to avoid unconstitutionality in fulfilling constitutional rights and democratic values during emergencies or dangers, including postponing regional elections during the COVID-19 pandemic. Article 12 of the 1945 Constitution is the most relevant legal basis for activating emergency constitutional law when the state is declared dangerous. However, Article 22 of the 1945 Constitution was preferred in postponing regional elections. Even though the holding of elections itself is guaranteed by the constitution every five years, on the other hand, the constitution has not regulated the postponement of elections if the country is in danger or an emergency. So, in the future, there will need to be constitutional amendments and new regulations that further widen the spectrum of dangerous or emergency conditions without forgetting Article 12 of the 1945 Constitution as a consideration

TANGGUNG JAWAB HUKUM SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA POTENSI BASARNAS DALAM MELAKUKAN TINDAKAN MEDIS TERHADAP KORBAN BENCANA Andrianto, Wahyu; Noviani, Nindya
Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

First aid is a basic medical action that can’t be avoided by The Human Resource Potential (HR Potential) of BASARNAS during SAR Operation. Even though it is only categorized as a basic medical act, first aid can determine victims’ life because first aid is done to prevent them from getting more severe injuries or experiencing death. Despite there is no a specific regulation about basic medical action conducted by HR Potential of BASARNAS during SAR operations. This legal research focuses on answering three problems. First, how the legal rules in Indonesia regarding volunteer participation during disasters. Second, how is the authority of HR Potential for medical actions committed during the disaster. And last, how a HR Potential’s legal responsibilities in conducting medical actions against disaster victims. This research is performed using normative juridical method, the data are collected from library studies and interviews involving related respondents. The results will be presented descriptively

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