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Ensuring Land Status Security to Accelerate the Rejuvenation of Small-Scale Oil Palm Plantations in Indonesia Panjaitan, Mutiara; Sardjono, Agus; Nursadi, Harsanto
Jurnal Hukum Vol 40, No 2 (2024): Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Unissula

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/jh.40.2.88-109

Abstract

This study examines the role of land status in accelerating the Small-scale Palm Oil Rejuvenation (Peremajaan Sawit Rakyat or PSR) program in Indonesia, particularly in light of the Job Creation Law and its derivative regulations. The research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of these legal provisions in addressing challenges within the palm oil sector, especially for small farmers, by ensuring land status certainty. A normative legal research approach, utilizing NVivo 12 Plus software for data analysis, was employed to analyze secondary data from regulations, journal articles, government reports, and online media. The study finds that resolving land status issues is crucial for the effective implementation of the PSR program, highlighting the need for improvements in geospatial data support, synchronization of statutory regulations, and coordination among ministries and local governments. The results emphasize the importance of continuous policy review and legal adjustments to overcome the complexities of land tenure in the palm oil industry. This research provides practical insights for stakeholders to reform land policies and enhance the implementation of the PSR program, ultimately contributing to the growth and sustainability of smallholder palm oil plantations in Indonesia.
Kesepahaman Makna Kawasan Hutan dalam Mewujudkan Kepastian Hukum bagi Perizinan Usaha Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit di Indonesia Drajat, Muhammad Rifqi Rafi; Syukur, Amalia Nurfitria; Panjaitan, Mutiara
Bina Hukum Lingkungan Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): Bina Hukum Lingkungan, Volume 10, Nomor 1, Oktober 2025
Publisher : Asosiasi Pembina Hukum Lingkungan Indonesia (PHLI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24970/bhl.v10i1.400

Abstract

ABSTRAK Kelapa sawit sebagai salah satu komoditas unggulan pada sektor perkebunan masih memiliki permasalahan dalam proses perizinan berusaha, salah satunya permasalahan kepastian lahan bagi pelaku usaha. Terdapat 192 korporasi (perusahaan sawit) yang memiliki HGU namun lahan perkebunan kelapa sawitnya masuk ke dalam kawasan hutan. Luas lahan yang mencapai 3.126.439 (tiga juta seratus dua puluh enam ribu empat ratus tiga puluh sembilan) dilakukan oleh KLHK berdasarkan Keputusan Nomor SK.01/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/1/2022 Tentang Pencabutan Izin Konsesi Kawasan Hutan yang dilakukan secara sepihak pencabutannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan black-letter atau doktrinal yang dilakukan melalui analisis argumentasi yang dibangun dari seperangkat norma hukum dan doktrin dengan perumusan kesimpulan berupa adanya pertentangan antar norma (konflik antar norma/kaidah). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesepahaman makna kawasan hutan menjadi penting dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan perbedaan persepsi dari masing-masing Kementerian (sektoral) sebagai pemangku kebijakan perizinan usaha kelapa sawit.  Terlebih, 192 korporasi yang sudah memiliki status hak atas tanah (HGU), seharusnya tidak dapat dibatalkan izin konsesinya pelepasan kawasan hutannya oleh KLHK, karena korporasi telah melewati serangkaian proses perizinan yang inkrah dengan tahap akhir perolehan HGU yang menjadi domain kepengurusan ATR/BPN apabila terjadi suatu pelanggaran. Pengukuhan kawasan hutan yang dilakukan oleh KLHK seharusnya dapat melihat kepada prosedur Peraturan-Perundang-Undangan dan Putusan MK No. 45/PUU-IX/2011 dan Putusan MK No. 34/PUU-IX/2011 dengan 4 tahap rangkaian untuk mengukuhkan kawasan hutan agar menciptakan kepastian hukum bagi pelaku usaha kelapa sawit di Indonesia. Kata kunci: kepastian hukum; kesepahaman makna kawasan hutan; perkebunan kelapa sawit; pengukuhan kawasan hutan; perizinan.    ABSTRACT Palm Oil as one of the leading commodities in the plantation sector still has problems in the business licensing process, one of which is the problem of land certainty for business actors. There are 192 corporations (palm oil companies) that have HGU but their oil palm plantation land is included in the forest area. The land area of 3,126,439 (three million one hundred twenty-six thousand four hundred thirty-nine) was carried out by KLHK based on Decree Number SK.01/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/1/2022 concerning Revocation of Forest Area Concession Permits which was carried out unilaterally. This research uses black-letter or doctrinal analysis through argumentation built from a set of legal norms and doctrines with the formulation of conclusions in the form of conflicts between norms. The results showed that an understanding of the meaning of forest areas is important in resolving the problem of differences in perceptions from each Ministry (sectoral) as a policy holder of oil palm business licensing.  Moreover, 192 corporations that already have land rights status (HGU), should not be able to cancel their concession permits for the release of forest areas by KLHK, because the corporation has gone through a series of incomplete licensing processes with the final stage of obtaining HGU which is the domain of the ATR / BPN management if a violation occurs. The confirmation of forest areas carried out by the MoEF should be able to look at the procedures of the Regulations and Constitutional Court Decision No. 45 / PUU-IX / 2011 and Constitutional Court Decision No. 34 / PUU-IX / 2011 with a series of 4 stages to confirm forest areas in order to create legal certainty for palm oil business actors in Indonesia. Keywords: licensing; oil palm plantation; forest area gazettement; forest area understanding; legal certainty.
Kesepahaman Makna Kawasan Hutan dalam Mewujudkan Kepastian Hukum bagi Perizinan Usaha Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit di Indonesia Drajat, Muhammad Rifqi Rafi; Syukur, Amalia Nurfitria; Panjaitan, Mutiara
Bina Hukum Lingkungan Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): Bina Hukum Lingkungan, Volume 10, Nomor 1, Oktober 2025
Publisher : Asosiasi Pembina Hukum Lingkungan Indonesia (PHLI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24970/bhl.v10i1.400

Abstract

ABSTRAK Kelapa sawit sebagai salah satu komoditas unggulan pada sektor perkebunan masih memiliki permasalahan dalam proses perizinan berusaha, salah satunya permasalahan kepastian lahan bagi pelaku usaha. Terdapat 192 korporasi (perusahaan sawit) yang memiliki HGU namun lahan perkebunan kelapa sawitnya masuk ke dalam kawasan hutan. Luas lahan yang mencapai 3.126.439 (tiga juta seratus dua puluh enam ribu empat ratus tiga puluh sembilan) dilakukan oleh KLHK berdasarkan Keputusan Nomor SK.01/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/1/2022 Tentang Pencabutan Izin Konsesi Kawasan Hutan yang dilakukan secara sepihak pencabutannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan black-letter atau doktrinal yang dilakukan melalui analisis argumentasi yang dibangun dari seperangkat norma hukum dan doktrin dengan perumusan kesimpulan berupa adanya pertentangan antar norma (konflik antar norma/kaidah). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesepahaman makna kawasan hutan menjadi penting dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan perbedaan persepsi dari masing-masing Kementerian (sektoral) sebagai pemangku kebijakan perizinan usaha kelapa sawit.  Terlebih, 192 korporasi yang sudah memiliki status hak atas tanah (HGU), seharusnya tidak dapat dibatalkan izin konsesinya pelepasan kawasan hutannya oleh KLHK, karena korporasi telah melewati serangkaian proses perizinan yang inkrah dengan tahap akhir perolehan HGU yang menjadi domain kepengurusan ATR/BPN apabila terjadi suatu pelanggaran. Pengukuhan kawasan hutan yang dilakukan oleh KLHK seharusnya dapat melihat kepada prosedur Peraturan-Perundang-Undangan dan Putusan MK No. 45/PUU-IX/2011 dan Putusan MK No. 34/PUU-IX/2011 dengan 4 tahap rangkaian untuk mengukuhkan kawasan hutan agar menciptakan kepastian hukum bagi pelaku usaha kelapa sawit di Indonesia. Kata kunci: kepastian hukum; kesepahaman makna kawasan hutan; perkebunan kelapa sawit; pengukuhan kawasan hutan; perizinan.    ABSTRACT Palm Oil as one of the leading commodities in the plantation sector still has problems in the business licensing process, one of which is the problem of land certainty for business actors. There are 192 corporations (palm oil companies) that have HGU but their oil palm plantation land is included in the forest area. The land area of 3,126,439 (three million one hundred twenty-six thousand four hundred thirty-nine) was carried out by KLHK based on Decree Number SK.01/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/1/2022 concerning Revocation of Forest Area Concession Permits which was carried out unilaterally. This research uses black-letter or doctrinal analysis through argumentation built from a set of legal norms and doctrines with the formulation of conclusions in the form of conflicts between norms. The results showed that an understanding of the meaning of forest areas is important in resolving the problem of differences in perceptions from each Ministry (sectoral) as a policy holder of oil palm business licensing.  Moreover, 192 corporations that already have land rights status (HGU), should not be able to cancel their concession permits for the release of forest areas by KLHK, because the corporation has gone through a series of incomplete licensing processes with the final stage of obtaining HGU which is the domain of the ATR / BPN management if a violation occurs. The confirmation of forest areas carried out by the MoEF should be able to look at the procedures of the Regulations and Constitutional Court Decision No. 45 / PUU-IX / 2011 and Constitutional Court Decision No. 34 / PUU-IX / 2011 with a series of 4 stages to confirm forest areas in order to create legal certainty for palm oil business actors in Indonesia. Keywords: licensing; oil palm plantation; forest area gazettement; forest area understanding; legal certainty.
Co-Authors Agus Sardjono Drajat, Muhammad Rifqi Rafi Harsanto Nursadi Syukur, Amalia Nurfitria