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Agro by-Product Fermentation Product as Poultry Feedstuffs Pasaribu, Tiurma
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 17, No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Feed is the main component in livestock industry, and contributes 70% of the total farming cost. Agriculture by-product is one of the alternative feed ingredients for poultry feed, but unfortunately they have low in nutritive value and high fiber contents that inhibit metabolism process. Fermentation technology is one of the methods to improve the nutritive value and to decrease fiber content of agriculture by-product. This paper explains the process of technology fermentation process and the effect of fermented product on poultry. Fermented agriculture by-product can be offered 5 to 30% depend on substrates and species of poultry without causing death. Fermentation process is not difficult to do, therefore agriculture by-product fermentated product are potential as poultry feedstuffs. Â Key words: Agriculture by-product, technology of fermentation, fermented products, poultry

Utilization of Jatropha curcas Seed Meal and its Limitation as Feed Ingredient Wina, Elizabeth; IWR, Susana; Pasaribu, Tiurma
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 18, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

One of the alternatives to solve the problem of less fossil energy is to utilize plant as a new source of energy, i.e Jatropha curcas, known as physic nut. This plant has been promoted as a source of energy as its seed contains high level of oil which can be used as biodiesel. The meal produced after pressing the seed will become a by product which contains high level of protein but also contains several anti nutritive factors or toxic compounds. This causes a problem to utilize this seed meal for animal feed. This paper descibes the nutritional quality and anti nutritive factors of jatropha seed meal, detoxification of jatropha seed meal and its utilization as feed ingredient and the problem of its utilization. Jatropha seed meal as a feed ingredient has to go through a combination process of detoxification. There is a need to find a cheap and easy detoxification technology to produce a safe and high nutritional quality of jatropha seed meal for animal. Â Key words: Jatropha curcas, anti nutritive factors, detoxification, utilization, problem

The effect of concentrate supplement feed during prepartum and pre-weaning on the performances of piglets kept by small holders Pasaribu, Tiurma; Silalahi, M.; Aritonang, D.; Manihuruk, K.
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 1, No 3 (1995)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

An experiment has been conducted to study the effect of concentrate feeding supplement on the performances of piglets . Fourty two sows kept individually were used in the experiment. Treatments were assigned to 3x2 factorial completely randomized design consisting of breed (local, crossed and exotic) and feeding (with and without concentrate diets). The experiment results shown that number of piglets at birth and weaning and liveability of piglets had no different between all treatments (breed and feeding supplement) . The average weight gain of piglets at birth litter and at weaning, growth rate, feed consumption along suckling per head or per kg weaning pig have different results between breed and feeding approved . Key words: concentrate, prapartum, lactation and piglets performance

Performance of broiler chicken fed physically and chemically treated jatropha (Jatropha curcas) seed meal Pasaribu, Tiurma; Wina, E.; Tangendjaja, B.; Iskandar, S.
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 14, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Jatropha seed meal which is a by-product of biofuel is rich in protein. Its utilization as feed ingredient is limited by the presence of several anti nutritive and toxic compounds. An experiment was conducted at the Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production to evaluate the effect of jatropha seed meal on broiler performance. Jatropha seed meals were treated physically, chemically or their combination to reduce or eliminate the anti nutritive and toxic compounds. Then, the inclusion of untreated or treated jatropha seed meals in the diet at the level of 4% was evaluated on broiler. The experiment was done in Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments of feed, i.e 1) control feed, 2) feed containing untreated jatropha seed meal (OO), 3) feed containing physically treated jatropha seed meal (OTO), 4) feed containing chemically treated jatropha seed meal (EHM) and 5) feed containing physically and chemically treated jatropha seed meal (EHMO). Every treatment had 7 replications with 5 chickens for each replication. The treatment diets were given to 7 days old chicken for 14 days. The observed parameter were feed intake, daily gain, feed conversion ratio, and mortality. The broiler performance recieved EHMO feed was better that those of OTO or EHM treatment (751.1; 731.2; 498.8 g of body weight for EHMO, EHM and OTO treatments, respectively), however, it was lower than the control treatment (856.3 g). Feed Conversion Ratios of EHM and EHMO treatments were not significantly different from control treatment (1.868; 1.813 vs 1.707), however, they lower than OO (2.532) and OTO (2.249) treatments. Chicken mortality of EHMO treatment was much lower than OO that of treatment (0 vs 34.29%, respectively). In conclusion, the processing technology of jatropha seed meal using combined physical and chemical treatments (EHMO) was the best choice as it gave better chicken performance without mortality compared to other techniques in this experiment. Key words: Jatropha Seed Meal, Detoxification, Broiler Chicken, Performance

The effect of Aloe vera bioactive and anthraquinone on the performance of laying hens Pasaribu, Tiurma; Sinurat, A.P; Rakhman, Susana I.W
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 10, No 3 (2005)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

An experiment was conducted to study the use of Aloe vera bioactives as feed additives on the performances of laying hens. The Aloe vera bioactives was prepared as the dry gel (DG) and semi liquid gel (SLG). The Aloe vera was suplemented into the diets with concentration of equal to 0.5 and 1.0 g DG/kg diets. Diets contained commercial anthraquinone, a bioactive compound of Aloe vera with doses equal to 0.5 g DG and 1.0 dg/kg were also prepared. Diets were compared to control diets containing with and without antibiotic. Two hundred of fifty six laying hens strain Isa Brown aged 19 weeks were used for the experiment. Each treatment had 8 replicates with 4 hens in each replicate. The treatments were carried out for 30 weeks and parameters measured were egg production (% hen day/HD), egg weight, feed conversion ratio (FCR), feed consumption, egg quality, and mortality. Results showed that feed consumption was not significantly different (P>0.05), however DG 1.0 g/kg and anthraquinone 0.5 g/kg tended to decrease the feed consumption. Egg production was not significantly affected by antibiotic, DG, SLG, or anthraquinone (0.5 g/kg), but anthraquinone 1.0 g/kg had more egg production than control. Higher concentration of DG, SLG, and anthraquinone 1.0 g/kg gave better FCR than those of lower dosage (0.5 g/kg). Haugh unit was not affected by the treatment while yolk weight, egg shell and shell weight was significantly decreased by anthraquinone 0.5 g/kg (P<0.05). Mortality from all treatments was only 1.6%. It was concluded that treated by anthraquinone was better than that by Aloe vera, however, they were not significantly different. For the healthy reason, the use of Aloe vera is more saver than the use of anthraquinone. Â Â Key Words: Bioactives, Productivity, Layer

The effectiveness of Aloe vera barbadensis bioactives on laying hens on commercial farmers Pasaribu, Tiurma; Sinurat, A.P; Purwadaria, T
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 11, No 2 (2006)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

A field trial was conducted to study the effectiveness of dry gel Aloe vera (DG) as a feed additive for laying hens in commercial farms. The trial was consisted of two treatments, one was control, commonly used farmer ration containing antibiotic of zinc bacitracin at 0.5 g/kg and the second feed containing DG equal to 1.0 g/kg. Every treatment had two replicates with 504 Loghman laying hens. The hen day production (% HD), egg weight, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio (FCR), egg quality comprising yolk colour, albumin and yolk weights, egg shell eight and thikness, and mortality were observed for 24 weeks. The results showed that feed consumption, % HD, egg weight, FCR, yolk colour, albumin weight, yolk weight, egg shell weight, and egg shell thickness were not significantly different (P>0.05) between the control and DG treatment, except for the Haugh unit (HU). Thus, it can be concluded that Aloe vera bioactives has the same effectiveness as antibiotic as a feed additive at the level of commercial farms. Key Words: Laying Hens, Egg Production, Egg Quality, Aloe vera barbadensis Bioactives, Antibiotic

Substitutions of soybean meal with enriched palm kernel meal in laying hens diet Sinurat, Arnold P.; Purwadaria, Tresnawati; Ketaren, Pius P.; Pasaribu, Tiurma
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v19i3.1081

A series of experiment was conducted in order to substitute soybean meal (SBM) with palm kernel cake (PKC) as a protein source in laying hens diet. First experiment was to increase its protein and amino acids content by fermentation process and followed by enzymes supplementation to improve nutrient digestibilities. Second experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of enzyme- supplemented fermented palm kernel cake (EFPKC) to replace SBM in laying hens diet. The energy (AME) of the PKC, the fermented PKC (FPKC) and the EFPKC was measured by ileal amino acids digestibility (IAAD) in broilers. The AME and the IAAD values of the EFPKC were used for diet formulation in the feeding trial. A feeding trial was performed in laying hens, aged 51 weeks for 8 weeks egg production. Five diets with different levels of substitution of SBM with EFPKC but similar nutrient contents were formulated, i.e.: 1. Control (without EFPKC), 2. 25% of SBM in control diet substituted with EFPKC, 3. 50% of SBM in control diet substituted with EFPKC, 4. 75% of SBM in control diet substituted with EFPKC and 5. 100% of SBM in control diet substituted with EFPKC. Each diet was fed to 24 hens (6 replicates of 4 birds/ replicate). Results of the experiment showed that the fermentation of PKC increased the crude protein and most of the amino acids contents except the threonine and arginine, but decreased its AME.Â Supplementation of enzymes (BS4 or CE) improved the ileal amino acid digestibilities of the fermented PKC. However, only BS4 enzymes increased the AME of the EFPKC. About 25% to 50% of the SBM in the diet could be substituted with the EFPKC without any detrimental effect on the performances of laying hens. Key Words: Soybean Meal, Palm Kernel Cake, Fermentation, Enzyme, Egg Production

Effect of Sapindus rarak powder as feed additive on performance and lipid profile of broiler chicken infected by Eimeria tenella Pasaribu, Tiurma; Wina, Elizabeth; ., Sumiati; Setiyono, A; Astuti, Dewi Apri
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Sapindus rarak fruits have bioactive compound named saponin which are potential to inhibit growth of protozoa and reduce cholesterol. This study was conducted to evaluate effect of lerak (Sapindus rarak) powder as microparticle on performance and lipid profile of chicken broiler that was infected by Eimeria tenella. A total of150headsof DOCwere assign to recive on of5 treatments: T1 (K+, TAk, TSRa, TIE), T2 (K-, TAk, TSRa, IE), T3 (Sal, IE), T4 (Sra 2,5, IE), and T5 (Sra 1,25, IE); each treatment consisted of 6replications with 5birds per replications in battery cage for 34 days. All chickens except those in control positive treatment (non-infected, non-medicated) were inoculated orally with 6000 oocysts E. tenella on the 14th day of age. Variables measured were body weight gain, carcass, OPG (oocysts pergram of faeces), lipid profile, and mortality. Treatment with S. rarak, dose of 1.25g/kg was not significantly different from the salinomycin treatment on BWG and feed conversion. Percentage of carcassand organs and blood cholesterol concentration were not significantly differentin all treatments, but blood triglyceride at S. rarak addition with doseof 2.5, 1.25g/kg and salinomycin addition with dose of 0.5g/kg, and negative control were lower than positive control. While number of OPG in faeces (days 14-34) showed that S. rarak powder with dose of 2.5 and 1.25g/kg suppressed the development of oocystsof E. tenella. In conclusion, S. rarak microparticle (75Âµm) can be used as feed additive to replace salinomycinas coccidiostat. Key Words: Sapindusrarak Powder, Chicken, Performance, Blood Lipid Profile, Eimeria tenella

Improving the nutritive values of solid heavy phase to substitute corn in laying hens diet Pasaribu, Tiurma; Sinurat, A.P.; Purwadaria, T.; Ketaren, P.P.
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 14, No 3 (2009)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Solid heavy phase (SHP), a by product material of palm oil factory obtained by ceramic filtration from liquid waste could be used as a feedstuff to replace corn in poultry diet. A series of experiment was carried out to improve nutrient value of the SHP by supplementation of enzymes and amino acids in order to increase the proportion of SHP to substitute corn in layer diet. There are three enzymes i.e.: Balitnak production (BS4), a commercial single enzyme (consist of mannanase) and comercial multienzymes were tested. All the enzymes were mixed with fresh SHP in different dose, dried and ground. The nutrient digestibility of these materials was measured in order to decide the optimum level of each enzyme. Based on this result, a feeding trial was carried out. Experimental diets were formulated to study the effect of substitusion of 25% or 50% corn with dried SHP or enzymes-treated SHP on the performances of the layers. The effect of methionine and lysine supplementation into diets contained high levels of SHP was also studied. Results showed that all enzymes studied could increase the energy (TME) of the SHP. BS4 enzyme and the commercial multienzimes, except single enzyme, also increase the true protein digestibility of the SHP. The optimum dose of each enzyme for each kg dry mater of SHP was 13.3 ml BS4, 2 g single enzyme and 3 g multienzymes. Substitution of 25% corn in layer diet with dried SHP or enzymes-treated SHP did not significantly impair the performances (hen-day egg production and FCR) of layers. However, substitution of 50% corn with SHP + multienzymes or SHP + single enzyme significantly impaired the performances of the layers. Addition of methionine and lysine amino acids restored the performance of the hens fed with SHP + commercial multienzyimes, but not those fed with high levels of SHP + commercial single enzyme. Substitution of 50% corn with SHP + BS4 enzime did not significantly impaire the performance of layers and therefore, addition of amino acids into the diet was not required. Substitution of 25% or 50% corn with dried SHP or enzymes-treated SHP did not affect the egg quality (HU, yolk color index and shell thickness). It is concluded that solid heavy phase (SHP) could be used to substitute 25 to 50% corn in layer diet, especially when the SHP was treated with BS4 enzyme. Key Words: Solid Heavy Phase, Enzymes, Amino Acids, Layer

Nutritive value of fermented palm oil sludge added with different sources of phosphorus Pasaribu, Tiurma; Arini, N; Purwadaria, T; Sinurat, A.P
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 8, No 3 (2003)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The experiment has been conducted to determine the nutritive value of palm oil sludge fermented with A. niger added with different sources of phosphorus (NPK, P2O5, NaH2PO4). The experiment was assigned in a factorial (3x3) design. The main factor was sources of phosphorus, while the sub factor was time of incubation (0, 4 days aerobic incubation, and 4 days aerobic incubation followed by 2 days anaerobic incubation). Parameters measured were pH, soluble nitrogen, true protein and crude protein, total Î±-amino acid (TAAA), soluble phosphorus and total phosphor, in vitro dry matter (DCBK), and true protein digestibilities (DCP). Results from the analyses showed that fermentation increased the contents of soluble and total P, protein and TAAA and the value of in vitro protein digestibility. Fermented product added with P2O5 had the highest in vitro dry matter digestibility, while the one added with NPK had true protein content and digestibility. It was concluded that additional NPK gave the best result interm of nutritive value. Â Key words: Palm oil sludge, A. niger, phosphorus sources

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