Dimas Prakoso
STMIK Amikom Yogyakarta

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Gambaran dan Rasionalitas Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Dewasa dengan Community Acquired Pneumonia di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Periode Juni 2017-Mei 2018 Prakoso, Dimas; Posangi, Jimmy; Nangoy, Edward
eBiomedik Vol 6, No 2 (2018): eBiomedik
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/ebm.6.2.2018.22156

Abstract

Abstract: Irrational utilization of antibiotic led to several burdens for healthcare providers, one of them is antibiotic resistance. Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) has increased mortality rate due to irrational antibiotic utilization. This study was aimed to obtain a general depiction and antibiotic rational utilization quantitatively assessed of CAP in adult patients at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado from June 2017 to May 2018. This was a retrospective descriptive study with a cross sectional design. Samples were 42 patients with CAP obtained by using simple random sampling. The results showed that values of DDD/100 inpatient days were, as follows: beta-lactam (33), macrolides (13.758), and fluoroquinolone (20.072). According to the ratio between estimated DDD value of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou and DDD WHO, all prescribed antibiotics had DDD values below or close to the value of DDD WHO. Albeit, there were discrepancies between antibiotic utilization in the field and reccomendation of Clinical Practice Guideline of Internal Medicine Department. Conclusion: Within the period of June 2017 - May 2018 the most prescribed antibiotic classes for CAP in adult patients at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital were beta-lactam, macrolides, and fluoroquinolone meanwhile the most prescribed antibiotics were ceftriaxone and azithromycin. In general, drug utilization was rational assessed quantitatively by using DDD WHO criteria.Keywords: antibiotic rationality, CAP, DDD WHO, Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Abstrak: Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak rasional dapat membebani tenaga kesehatan, salah satunya ialah resistensi antibiotik. Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) mengalami peningkatan mortalitas tinggi akibat penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran umum dan penilaian rasionalitas secara kuantitatif dari penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien dewasa dengan CAP di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Juni 2017-Mei 2018. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel sebanyak 41 pasien dewasa dengan CAP diambil dengan simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan DDD/100 hari rawat inap penggunaan antibiotik dari tiga golongan antibiotik yaitu beta-lactam (33), makrolida (13,758), dan florokuinolon (20,072). Berdasarkan rasio estimasi DDD di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado dan DDD WHO seluruh obat yang digunakan masih berada di bawah DDD WHO atau mendekati nilai tersebut. Terdapat perbedaan antara penggunaan antibiotik di lapangan dan rekomendasi dari Panduan Praktek Klinis dari Bagian Ilmu Penyakit Dalam. Simpulan: Pada periode Juni 2017 - Mei 2018 golongan antibiotik yang paling banyak diberikan untuk pasien dewasa dengan CAP di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado ialah beta-lactam, diikuti makrolida dan florokuinolon sedangkan antibiotik yang paling banyak diberikan ialah ceftriaxone dan azithromisin. Secara keseluruhan penggunaan obat sudah rasional secara kuantitatif diukur dengan kriteria DDD WHO.Kata kunci: rasionalitas antibiotik, CAP, DDD WHO, RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado
Evaluation of Dental Holder Innovation: Patient Comfort and Periapical Intra-Oral Radiographic Image Quality Jannah, Marichatul; Prakoso, Dimas; Erfansyah, Muhammad
Jurnal Riset Kesehatan Vol 13, No 2 (2024): NOVEMBER 2024
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jrk.v13i2.12291

Abstract

This study evaluates an innovative dental holder designed to improve patient comfort and radiographic image quality in intra-oral periapical examinations. Conducted at Muhammadiyah University Semarang Dental and Oral Hospital, the research involved 30 patients who used the modified holder featuring a 20-degree tilt, biocompatible PLA material, and silicone pads. Results showed that 73.33% of patients experienced no nausea, and 93.33% had no allergic reactions, highlighting the holder's safety and comfort. Although 56.67% reported excessive oral pressure, 60% noted reduced pain due to the silicone pads. The holder also improved image quality, with 76.67% of patients acknowledging clear apical images, and 100% reporting no distortion or blurring. The study indicates that while the holder significantly enhances patient comfort and image quality, further design adjustments are needed to address size-related issues. Future developments should focus on customizing the holder for local anatomical variations and exploring additional eco-friendly materials. Enhanced training for practitioners and further research with diverse populations are recommended to optimize the holder's effectiveness.
PENGEMBANGAN MONITOR PERSONAL DOSIMETRI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PLATE DETECTOR GUNA MENUNJANG KESELAMATAN RADIODIAGNOSTIK Masrochah, Siti; Darmini, Darmini; Nui, Muhammad; Soewondo, Arie; Agusyahbana, Farid; Prakoso, Dimas; Jannah, Marichatul
Jurnal LINK Vol 19 No 1 (2023): MEI 2023
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/link.v19i1.9674

Abstract

Setiap personil radiasi yang melakukan pelayanan radiodiagnostik wajib menggunakan monitor personal dosimetry. tetapi karena harganya mahal, tidak semua personel pekerja radiasi difasilitasi oleh tempat bekerjanya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat desain pengembangan alat monitor radiasi menggunakan Imaging Plate (IP). Jenis penelitian ini adalah jenis Research and development dengan pendekatan eksperimental dan dianalisa secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitina menunjukkan nilai sensitivitas respon terbaik pada Image Plate Computed Radiography merek iCRco diperoleh dengan menggunakan faktor eksposur tegangan 90 kV dengan arus 6,3 mAs dan 8 mAs, energi sinar-X yang diserap oleh lapisan fosfor (per mA per satuan luas) dihitung secara teoritis sebagai indeks sensitivitas radiografi dengan menggunakan spektrum foton sinar-X insiden dengan rumus Birch-Marshall dan spektrum sensitivitas untuk rentang 40-140 kV. Kesimpulan bahwa semua respon radiasi memberikan pengaruh indeks eksposure yang berbeda, sehingga masih diperlukan alat bantu pemantau serapan radiasi yang akan dikembangkan pada periode selanjutnya yaitu mendesain monitor yang mudah digunakan petugas. 
Evaluation of Dental Holder Innovation: Patient Comfort and Periapical Intra-Oral Radiographic Image Quality Jannah, Marichatul; Prakoso, Dimas; Erfansyah, Muhammad
Jurnal Riset Kesehatan Vol 13 No 2 (2024): NOVEMBER 2024
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jrk.v13i2.12291

Abstract

This study evaluates an innovative dental holder designed to improve patient comfort and radiographic image quality in intra-oral periapical examinations. Conducted at Muhammadiyah University Semarang Dental and Oral Hospital, the research involved 30 patients who used the modified holder featuring a 20-degree tilt, biocompatible PLA material, and silicone pads. Results showed that 73.33% of patients experienced no nausea, and 93.33% had no allergic reactions, highlighting the holder's safety and comfort. Although 56.67% reported excessive oral pressure, 60% noted reduced pain due to the silicone pads. The holder also improved image quality, with 76.67% of patients acknowledging clear apical images, and 100% reporting no distortion or blurring. The study indicates that while the holder significantly enhances patient comfort and image quality, further design adjustments are needed to address size-related issues. Future developments should focus on customizing the holder for local anatomical variations and exploring additional eco-friendly materials. Enhanced training for practitioners and further research with diverse populations are recommended to optimize the holder's effectiveness.