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Mardjanis Said
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Behavior and emotional problems in children with mental retardation Soedjatmiko Soedjatmiko; Muzal Kadim; Bambang Madiyono; Mardjanis Said
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 44 No 3 (2004): May 2004
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (311.011 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi44.3.2004.90-4

Abstract

Background Behavior and emotional problems in a mentally re-tarded child can inhibit the educational process of the child.Objectives The aims of this study were to find out the prevalenceof behavior and emotional problems in children with mental retar-dation as reported by parents and to assess associated risk fac-tors consisting of mother’s psychopathology, marital discord, malesex, child’s age, socioeconomic status, and family size.Methods This cross sectional study was carried out on 63 chil-dren with mental retardation in a school for retarded children, SLBC Asih Budi I, from January until March 2003. Parents were inter-viewed at school and home using special questionnaires, the ChildBehavior Checklist (CBCL) and Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90).Results The prevalence of behavior and emotional problems inthis study was 52%. The majority of behavior and emotional prob-lems were anxious/depressed (18%) and withdrawn (16%). Malesex and age group of 12-18 year-old were not risk factors of be-havior and emotional problems (OR=0.49, p=0.190 and OR=1.14,p=0.94, respectively) while socioeconomic status, family size, andmother’s psychopathology were risk factors (OR= 4.08, p=0.008;OR=4.17, p=0.014; OR=9.28, p=0.018; respectively). There wasa correlation between behavior and emotional problems of chil-dren and marital discord.Conclusion The prevalence of behavior and emotional problemswas 52% in which the majority was internalizing disorder. Risk fac-tors for behavior and emotional problems were mother’s psycho-pathology, four or more children in the family, low socioeconomicstatus, and marital discord
Gastroesophageal reflux in children with chronic recurrent cough Mardjanis Said; Rianita Syamsu; Taralan Tambunan; Badriul Hegar
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 44 No 5 (2004): September 2004
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (325.522 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi44.5.2004.201-5

Abstract

Background Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is reported to beone of the most common causes of chronic recurrent cough (CRC).In Indonesia, so far there is no published data concerning GER inchildren with CRC.Objectives To determine the prevalence of GER in children withCRC in general, and asthma in particular; and to describe the clini-cal profile associated with GER in these children.Methods This was a cross sectional study on children with CRCwho were investigated for GER using 24-hour esophageal pHmonitoring. GER was graded based on reflux index (RI) stated inpHmetry results i.e., mild (RI=5-10%), moderate (RI>10-20%), andsevere (RI>20%).Results Among 48 children with CRC, GER was detected in 22(46%) of them (mild GER in 14, moderate in 3, and severe in 5children). In 35 children with asthma, which is the most frequentcause of CRC in our hospital, GER was detected in 15. The preva-lence of GER increased parallel with the frequency of cough epi-sodes i.e., 10/27 in children with infrequent episodes of cough, 4/10 in children with frequent episodes of cough, and 8/11 in chil-dren with persistent cough. Clinical profiles associated with GERin these children were persistent/ frequent episodes of CRC andundernutrition.Conclusions The prevalence of GER in children with CRC was46%, and in those with asthma was 15/35. The clinical profilesassociated with GER are persistent/frequent episodes of CRCand undernutrition
Comparison of peak expiratory flow measurement by Mini-Wright peak flow meter and electronic spirometer in healthy elementary school children Mardjanis Said; Sudigdo Sastroasmoro; Bambang Supriyatno; Yovita Ananta
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 44 No 6 (2004): November 2004
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (288.656 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi44.6.2004.248-52

Abstract

Objective This study aims to compare peak expiratory flow mea-surement by peak flow meter and electronic spirometer in healthyelementary school children.Methods This was a cross-sectional study performed in an el-ementary school near Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital (SDNPegangsaan 01). The study group consisted of healthy childrenaged 6-12 year old. Data regarding identity and history of illnesswas taken in each subject. Routine physical examination was per-formed and recorded. Each subject performed lung function testsby means of electronic spirometer AS-7 as well as by Mini-Wrightpeak flow meter. The subject should perform a minimum of threemaneuvers for each method where only the best result was re-corded. Method comparison test to assess agreement betweentwo methods was employed in this study.Results There were 10 males and 15 females enrolled in this study.None of the subjects currently have any respiratory symptoms andsigns. This study found that the mean peak expiratory flow (PEF) byspirometer was 226.8±73.13 L/min while by peak flow meter was223.0±45.05. Mean difference between spirometer and peak flowmeter measurements is 6.2 with standard deviation of 60.82. Thesevalues resulted in limits of agreement of -115.44 to +127.84 L/min.Conclusions This study finds disagreement between electronicspirometer and Mini-Wright peak flow meter in measuring peakexpiratory flow, therefore these two devices cannot be usedinterchangeably. Mini-Wright peak flow meter still has a role inhome monitoring, but the physician should interpret the resultscarefully.
Comparison of pulmonary functions of thalassemic and of healthy children Mardjanis Said; Sudigdo Sastroasmoro; Djajadiman Gatot; Bambang Supriyatno; Yovita Ananta
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 45 No 1 (2005): January 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (411.462 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi45.1.2005.1-6

Abstract

Objectives The aim of this study was to compare some pulmo-nary functions of thalassemic patients and those of normal chil-dren. Factors correlated with lung dysfunction were assessed.Methods This cross-sectional study compared some pulmonaryfunctions of thalassemic patients with those of healthy children.The study was performed in the Department of Child Health, CiptoMangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. Pre- and post-trans-fusion hemoglobin levels of the thalassemic subjects were deter-mined. Other data such as chelation therapy and serum ferritinlevels were also obtained. Both thalassemic and control subjectsunderwent routine physical examinations and lung function testsusing an electronic spirometer. Spirometry was repeated threetimes for each subject, and only the best result was recorded.Results Sixty-three thalassemic patients were enrolled, consist-ing of 32 male and 31 female subjects. Healthy subjects consistedof 31 males and 31 females. Most thalassemic patients (46/63)were found to have lung function abnormalities. This was signifi-cantly different from control subjects, of whom most (39/62) hadnormal lung function. Restrictive lung function abnormality was themost common (42/63) observation documented. Serum ferritin lev-els were obtained from 28 male and 29 female thalassemic sub-jects. There was no correlation between percentage from predictedforced vital capacity and serum ferritin levels, whether in male(r=0.191; P=0.967) or female (r =-0.076, P=0.695) thalassemicsubjects.Conclusion Thalassemic patients have significantly lower lungfunction than healthy children. More thalassemic patients had lungfunction abnormalities compared to healthy children. Restrictivedysfunction was the most common finding in the thalassemic group.No correlation was found between lung function and serum ferritinlevels
Co-Authors Badriul Hegar Bambang Madiyono Bambang Supriyatno Djajadiman Gatot Muzal Kadim Rianita Syamsu Soedjatmiko Soedjatmiko Sudigdo Sastroasmoro Taralan Tambunan Yovita Ananta