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Crop-Livestock Integration in a Competitive, Sustainable and Democratize Agribusiness Development Diwyanto, Kusuma; Prawiradiputra, Bambang R; Lubis, Darwinsyah
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 12, No 1 (2002)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The concept of integrated crop and livestock in Indonesian farming systems has actually been practiced by farmers since they familiar with farming, but they practiced Â the systems by traditional way, without any consideration of cost-benefit as well as environmental impact. The research on crops-livestock systems has been conducted systematically since early 1980âs. The study considered many aspects in sustainability such as environmentally tolerable, socially acceptable, economically feasible and politically desirable. In late 1990âs the crops-livestock systems came to a very important step with intensifying the integration between rice and cattle, in this case through optimization of the manure. The added value of organic fertilizer could reach till 40%. In dairy cattle such a technology was able to benefit Rp 11.000 per cattle per day. In this case, with LEISA (low external input sustainable agriculture) approach, any 8 â 10 liter of milk produced by Â a head of cattle needed feed equal to as much as 3 â4 liter of milk only. With LEISA approach the crops-livestock systems has empirically proved the ability of providing job by using the local input efficiently. In improving efficiency, the use of local resources such as local feed and local cattle need to be optimized. To develop the technology that support the concept of crop-livestock systems, the Government could help the farmers through extension so that the farmers willing to use organic fertilizer, especially manure of the cattle. The rice field in the northern part of West Java is a huge potency to produce rice straw as cattle feed. Based on the fact, the beef cattle can be developed in this area so that the manure available to fertilize the rice fields. If the crop-livestock systems is successfully developed in the area, the improve of rice production and productivity is happened, and in turn, the farmers welfare will also increase. Â Key words: Farming systems, crops, livestock, organic fertilizer, local resources, crop by product

Ki Rinyuh (Chromolaena odorata (L) R.M. King and H. Robinson): The Harmful Pastureâs Weed Prawiradiputra, Bambang R
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 17, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Ki rinyuh (Chromolaena odorata (L) R.M. King and H. Robinson) is one of the important weeds in Indonesia. Originally from Central America, but now the weed spreads out tropical and sub-tropical countries. The weed is well grown in any kind of soil. The harmful effect of C. odorata on livestock in Indonesia first reported in 1971. They are four reasons to put this species as detrimental weed: (1) decreases carrying capacity, (2) poisons or probably causes death of livestock, (3) competitor with grasses or legumes Â crops, Â and Â (4) Â fire Â hazard Â especially Â in Â the Â dry seasons. Â Herbicides Â control Â isÂ not Â effective Â and Â it Â is Â not environmentally friendly. Other ways of controlling this weed are by slashing and biological control. Controlling C. odorata by combination of slashing and herbicides would be more effective than using herbicides only. The weed can be utilized as fertilizer or growth regulator to improve plant morphology and to increase the yield of some plants. Â Key words: Chromolaena odorata, weed, pasture, control, benefit

Is There Any Chance for Crop and Livestock Integration in Indonesia? Prawiradiputra, Bambang R
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 3 (2009)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The integration of livestock and crops, especially food crops, or recently known as crop-livestock systems is very familiar in Indonesia as well as in South-East Asia. The system has been practiced for decades and still carrying out until now. In Indonesian traditional farming system, livestock plays an important role in the system. In Indonesia, there are five types of farming system namely extensive farming, non-intensive farming, intensive farming, very intensive farming and conservation farming system. However, there are some constraints in each system. This paper describes some constraints in Indonesian farming systems especially in crop-animal systems, such as land, manpower, money, technology, informations and farmer organization. Â Key words: Integration, farming systems, crops, livestock, constraints

Genetically Modified Feed Crops and Feed Ingredients in Indonesia: Opportunities and Constraints of Development Prawiradiputra, Bambang R; S, Muharsini
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 23, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The opportunity of the presence of genetically modifiedÂ organism (GMO) Â forageÂ crops inÂ Indonesia is quite large. Although until now there is no single forage crop awarded safely crop in Indonesia, but several crop byproducts have been used as feed ingredient. The controversy over the presence of GMO plant cannot be avoided. There are a part of communities who could not accept the presence of GMO crops for some reasons. On the other hand, the producers claimed the advantages of the GMO crops such as reducing pesticide application, reducing cost of weeding, more tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses, and increasing production, farmerâs income and welfare. For the opponent, the main concerns are environmental issues and the possibility of emerging diseases in animal as well as human being. The Biosafety Comission through Biosafety Technical Team has the authority to recommend whether GMO food or feed (and plants) is safe or not safe to be consumed and grown in Indonesia after the assessment. Â Key words: GMO, forage crops, feed safety

Forage integration on farming systems in the district of Bayongbong, Garut ., Sajimin; Prawiradiputra, Bambang R; Panjaitan, M
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 4, No 4 (1999)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

A study on forage integration on farming system was studied at Bayongbong of Garut District, West Java from April 1996 to April 1997. The objective of this study was to increase the availability of food and forage which are cultivated on the same land using alley cropping system. Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium) Were planted on thesame area using randomized block design (RBD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications. Elephant grass and gliricidia were planted as live fence. The experimental plot which were cultivated with food crops, giving the following treatment: A. Elephant grass were planted in row with spacing of 0.5 m. B. Both elephant grass and gliricidia were planted in row with spacing of 0.5 In. C.Â Gliricidia alone were planted in row with spacing of 0.5 m. D. Experimental plot were planted with elephant grass without any life fencing. E. Experimental plot were planted with food crops as a control. Based on planting pattern com were planted on the experimental plot followed by cabbage. Cutting interval for elephant grass was 42 days while gliricidia was 60 days. Fresh and dry weight of elephant grass, gliricidia, corn and cabbage production were recorded. The results showed that there was no significant different on corn and cabbage production between treatment, while elephant grass production was significantly different (P < 0.05) among the treatments. The highest additional production of corn (1.8 kg/m2), and cabbage waste (2.5 kg/2m ) were found in the treatment. The highest elephant grass production was found in treatment A (5.1 kg/m2) followed by treatment D (4.9 kg/m2) and treatment B (4.1 kg/m2). The highest gliricidia forage production was found in the treatment B (0.6 kg/m2). It was concluded that the integration of forage and crops using alley cropping system on farm system was able to overcome the shortage of forage availability for animal production. Â Key words: Alley croping, farming system, forage

Forage integration on farming systems in the district of Bayongbong, Garut Sajimin .; Bambang R Prawiradiputra; M Panjaitan
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 4, No 4 (1999): DECEMBER 1999
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

A study on forage integration on farming system was studied at Bayongbong of Garut District, West Java from April 1996 to April 1997. The objective of this study was to increase the availability of food and forage which are cultivated on the same land using alley cropping system. Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium) Were planted on thesame area using randomized block design (RBD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications. Elephant grass and gliricidia were planted as live fence. The experimental plot which were cultivated with food crops, giving the following treatment: A. Elephant grass were planted in row with spacing of 0.5 m. B. Both elephant grass and gliricidia were planted in row with spacing of 0.5 In. C. Gliricidia alone were planted in row with spacing of 0.5 m. D. Experimental plot were planted with elephant grass without any life fencing. E. Experimental plot were planted with food crops as a control. Based on planting pattern com were planted on the experimental plot followed by cabbage. Cutting interval for elephant grass was 42 days while gliricidia was 60 days. Fresh and dry weight of elephant grass, gliricidia, corn and cabbage production were recorded. The results showed that there was no significant different on corn and cabbage production between treatment, while elephant grass production was significantly different (P < 0.05) among the treatments. The highest additional production of corn (1.8 kg/m2), and cabbage waste (2.5 kg/2m ) were found in the treatment. The highest elephant grass production was found in treatment A (5.1 kg/m2) followed by treatment D (4.9 kg/m2) and treatment B (4.1 kg/m2). The highest gliricidia forage production was found in the treatment B (0.6 kg/m2). It was concluded that the integration of forage and crops using alley cropping system on farm system was able to overcome the shortage of forage availability for animal production. Key words: Alley croping, farming system, forage

Genetically Modified Feed Crops and Feed Ingredients in Indonesia: Opportunities and Constraints of Development Bambang R Prawiradiputra; Muharsini S
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 23, No 4 (2013): DECEMBER 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

The opportunity of the presence of genetically modified organism (GMO) forage crops in Indonesia is quite large. Although until now there is no single forage crop awarded safely crop in Indonesia, but several crop byproducts have been used as feed ingredient. The controversy over the presence of GMO plant cannot be avoided. There are a part of communities who could not accept the presence of GMO crops for some reasons. On the other hand, the producers claimed the advantages of the GMO crops such as reducing pesticide application, reducing cost of weeding, more tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses, and increasing production, farmer’s income and welfare. For the opponent, the main concerns are environmental issues and the possibility of emerging diseases in animal as well as human being. The Biosafety Comission through Biosafety Technical Team has the authority to recommend whether GMO food or feed (and plants) is safe or not safe to be consumed and grown in Indonesia after the assessment. Key words: GMO, forage crops, feed safety

Crop-Livestock Integration in a Competitive, Sustainable and Democratize Agribusiness Development Kusuma Diwyanto; Bambang R Prawiradiputra; Darwinsyah Lubis
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 12, No 1 (2002)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

The concept of integrated crop and livestock in Indonesian farming systems has actually been practiced by farmers since they familiar with farming, but they practiced the systems by traditional way, without any consideration of cost-benefit as well as environmental impact. The research on crops-livestock systems has been conducted systematically since early 1980’s. The study considered many aspects in sustainability such as environmentally tolerable, socially acceptable, economically feasible and politically desirable. In late 1990’s the crops-livestock systems came to a very important step with intensifying the integration between rice and cattle, in this case through optimization of the manure. The added value of organic fertilizer could reach till 40%. In dairy cattle such a technology was able to benefit Rp 11.000 per cattle per day. In this case, with LEISA (low external input sustainable agriculture) approach, any 8 − 10 liter of milk produced by a head of cattle needed feed equal to as much as 3 −4 liter of milk only. With LEISA approach the crops-livestock systems has empirically proved the ability of providing job by using the local input efficiently. In improving efficiency, the use of local resources such as local feed and local cattle need to be optimized. To develop the technology that support the concept of crop-livestock systems, the Government could help the farmers through extension so that the farmers willing to use organic fertilizer, especially manure of the cattle. The rice field in the northern part of West Java is a huge potency to produce rice straw as cattle feed. Based on the fact, the beef cattle can be developed in this area so that the manure available to fertilize the rice fields. If the crop-livestock systems is successfully developed in the area, the improve of rice production and productivity is happened, and in turn, the farmers welfare will also increase. Key words: Farming systems, crops, livestock, organic fertilizer, local resources, crop by product

Ki Rinyuh (Chromolaena odorata (L) R.M. King and H. Robinson): The Harmful Pasture’s Weed Bambang R Prawiradiputra
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 17, No 1 (2007): MARCH 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Ki rinyuh (Chromolaena odorata (L) R.M. King and H. Robinson) is one of the important weeds in Indonesia. Originally from Central America, but now the weed spreads out tropical and sub-tropical countries. The weed is well grown in any kind of soil. The harmful effect of C. odorata on livestock in Indonesia first reported in 1971. They are four reasons to put this species as detrimental weed: (1) decreases carrying capacity, (2) poisons or probably causes death of livestock, (3) competitor with grasses or legumes crops, and (4) fire hazard especially in the dry seasons. Herbicides control is not effective and it is not environmentally friendly. Other ways of controlling this weed are by slashing and biological control. Controlling C. odorata by combination of slashing and herbicides would be more effective than using herbicides only. The weed can be utilized as fertilizer or growth regulator to improve plant morphology and to increase the yield of some plants. Key words: Chromolaena odorata, weed, pasture, control, benefit

Is There Any Chance for Crop and Livestock Integration in Indonesia? Bambang R Prawiradiputra
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 3 (2009): SEPTEMBER 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

The integration of livestock and crops, especially food crops, or recently known as crop-livestock systems is very familiar in Indonesia as well as in South-East Asia. The system has been practiced for decades and still carrying out until now. In Indonesian traditional farming system, livestock plays an important role in the system. In Indonesia, there are five types of farming system namely extensive farming, non-intensive farming, intensive farming, very intensive farming and conservation farming system. However, there are some constraints in each system. This paper describes some constraints in Indonesian farming systems especially in crop-animal systems, such as land, manpower, money, technology, informations and farmer organization. Key words: Integration, farming systems, crops, livestock, constraints

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