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All Journal Paediatrica Indonesiana
Partini Pudjiastuti Trihono
Department of Child Health, University of Indonesia Medical School/Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

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Side effects of long-term antiepileptic drugs on renal tubules of Indonesian children Partini Pudjiastuti Trihono; Deasy Grafianti; Irawan Mangunatmadja; Mulya Rahma Karyanti
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 58 No 2 (2018): March 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (227.755 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi58.2.2018.84-9

Abstract

Background Long-term treatment with antiepileptic drugs such as valproic acid (VPA) and carbamazepine (CBZ) may disrupt renal tubular function. Urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) may reflect tubular function and may be useful in detecting early-stage tubular injury. To date, no study has investigated the toxic effect of VPA and CBZ on renal tubules using urinary NAG in Indonesian children. Objectives To determine the toxicity of long-term VPA and/or CBZ treatment on renal tubules in children with epilepsy by measuring urinary NAG index (iNAG). Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2015 at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and Anakku Clinic Pondok Pinang, Jakarta. We included children aged 3 to 16 years with epilepsy on VPA (n=36), CBZ (n=14), or VPA-CBZ combination (n=14) therapy. We measured urinary levels of creatinine and NAG. The urinary NAG reference value was obtained from age-matched healthy controls (n=30). To eliminate diurnal variations in NAG, iNAG was calculated by dividing urinary NAG by urinary creatinine. A urinary iNAG of more than two standard deviations above the mean for healthy children was considered elevated. Results Mean urinary iNAG values for the control, VPA, CBZ, and combination groups were 3.01, 5.9, 4.07, and 6.9 U/g, respectively. All treated groups had higher mean urinary iNAG values compared to the control group. Urinary iNAG was increased in 11/36 children on VPA, 2/14 children on CBZ, and 9/14 children on combination therapy. Conclusion Long-term VPA use may impair renal tubular function, as shown by the increased urinary iNAG. Combination therapy increases damage in the renal tubules.
Blood pressure to height ratio for screening hypertension among Indonesian adolescents Partini Pudjiastuti Trihono; Jeanne Laurensie Sihombing; Rismala Dewi
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 63 No 1 (2023): January 2023
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi63.1.2023.7-12

Abstract

Background Pediatric hypertension is an emerging health issue due to its increasing prevalence. Age-, gender-, and height-specific blood pressure percentiles have been widely used as a primary tool for detection of hypertension in the pediatric population. However, this method is too complicated to be used in general pediatric practice. The blood pressure to height ratio has been proposed as a practical tool to detect hypertension in children. Objective To evaluate the accuracy of blood pressure to height ratio to be used as a tool for screening high blood pressure in Indonesian adolescents. Methods This diagnostic test study using data from the 2013 Indonesia Basic Health Research (Riset Kesehatan Dasar/RISKESDAS) report included 39,057 adolescents aged 15-18 years with complete data on age, gender, weight, height, and blood pressure. Blood pressure values were classified using the 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) hypertension clinical guidelines. Blood pressure to height ratio was calculated as mmHg/cm body height. A receiver-operator characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the accuracy of systolic blood pressure to height ratio (SBPHR) and diastolic blood pressure to height ratio (DBPHR) for screening high blood pressure in adolescents. The optimal cut-off points, sensitivity, and specificity of SBPHR and DBPHR were calculated. Results The optimal cut-off points for defining elevated blood pressure in male adolescents aged 13-18 years were SBPHR 0.69 for male adolescents (sensitivity 96%, specificity 80%) and DBPHR 0.46 (sensitivity 97%, specificity 84%). In female adolescents, the optimal cut-offs were SBPHR 0.72 (sensitivity 97%, specificity 82%) and DBPHR 0.48 (sensitivity 98% and specificity 79%). Conclusion Blood pressure to height ratio is a practical method with high sensitivity and specificity for detecting elevated blood pressure in Indonesian adolescents aged 15 to 18 years.
Co-Authors Deasy Grafianti Irawan Mangunatmadja Jeanne Laurensie Sihombing Mulya Rahma Karyanti, Mulya Rahma Rismala Dewi