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ACQUIRED β−THALASSEMIA IN CHILDREN WITH ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA (ALL) Maria Christina Shanty Larasati; Mangihut Rumiris; Mia Ratwita Andarsini; I Dewa Gede Ugrasena; Bambang Permono
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 20, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v20i1.444

Abstract

Thalassemias are heterogeneous group of genetic disorders. β-thalassemia is existed due to impaired production of beta globins chains, which leads to a relative excess of alpha globin chains. The abnormalities of haemoglobin synthesis are usually inherited but may also arise as a secondary manifestation of another disease, most commonly haematological neoplasia. This article presenting two cases of acquired β-thalassemia in children with ALL focusing on the diagnosis and the possible relationship between the two haematological diseases. The first case is a four (4) year old boy with ALL-L1 type at maintenance phase of chemotherapy, he suffered from anaemia with Hb 8.0 g/dL, WBC 22,600/mm3 and platelets count of 200,000/mm3, peripheral blood smear revealed anisocytosis, polychromes, hypochromia, basophilic stippling, and normoblastocytes. The result of Hb electrophoresis of Hb A of 54.9%, Hb F of 29.4%, Hb E of 13.4% and Hb A2 of 2.3%. The patient was diagnosed as ALL-L1 type and β-thalassemia. The second case, is a 13 year old girl with remission ALL-L1 type after chemotherapy, she suffered from anaemia with Hb 6.7 g/dL, WBC 12,400/mm3, platelet count was 200,000/mm3, and peripheral blood smear obtained anisocytosis, hypochromia, normoblastocytes, myelocytes and basophilic stippling. The result of Hb electrophoresis are: Hb F 0.41%, Hb A1c 0.78%, Hb A2 2.95% with the conclusion of a β-thalassemia trait, this patient was diagnosed with ALL-L1 type remission + β-thalassemia trait. The case reviewers assume that acquired β-thalassemia which happened in those patients were the altered expression of globin chain which mechanism for this syndrome might be the acquisition of a mutation that affects RNA or proteins involved in β-globin gene regulation and resulting the reduction of the (α/β)-globin biosynthetic ratios, or/and associated with chemotherapy-inducement.
Hyperglycemia in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia during Induction Chemotherapy Nengcy Erlina Tasik Rerung; Cahyadi, Andi; Nur Rochmah; Maria Christina Shanty Larasati; Andarsini, Mia Ratwita; Muhammad Faizi; IDG Ugrasena; Bambang Permono
MEDICINUS Vol. 34 No. 1 (2021): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (76.129 KB) | DOI: 10.56951/medicinus.v34i1.49

Abstract

Introduction: Hyperglycemia is a well-known adverse effect of the corticosteroids and asparaginase given during induction chemotherapy for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). ALL is a type of hematologic malignancy with high incidence in the childhood. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of hyperglycemia during induction chemotherapy in childhood ALL. Methods: This prospective study was done in Dr. Soetomo hospital from January to April 2018. The subject was newly diagnosed as ALL under the age of 18 years, treated with Indonesian childhood ALL 2013 protocol (standard risk (SR) group and high risk (HR) group). Hyperglycemia was defined as at least two separate random plasma glucose levels >200 mg/dL, which was evaluated before and during induction chemotherapy. Statistical analysis using Paired T-test for parametric and Wilcoxon test for nonparametric. Results: Thirty-three children were enrolled, 18/33 boys with mean age 5.8 (SD 3.78) years, compromised as ALL-L1 30/33. They were treated with ALL-HR 19/33 and ALL-SR 14/33. In overall groups, the mean random blood glucose level significantly increased from 108 (SD 21.3) mg/dl to 147 (SD 48.1) mg/dl, (mean difference 38.67 mg/dl; 95% CI 18.08 to 59.26 mg/dl, p=0.008). In SR group, there was a significant increase of mean random blood glucose level from 102 (SD 13.5) mg/dl to 133 (SD 37.3) mg/dl, (mean difference 31.8 mg/dl; 95% CI 8.78 to 54.8 mg/dl; p=0.01). In HR group, the mean random blood glucose level increased from 113 (SD 51.9) mg/dl to 165 (SD 25.4) mg/dl, (mean difference 51.9 mg/dl; 95% CI 18.6 to 85.2 mg/dl, p=0.004). Conclusion: Blood glucose level is significantly increase during induction chemotherapy in both SR and HR Indonesian childhood ALL 2013 protocol.