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CONTESTED SPACE IN COASTAL CITY. A Case of Conservation, Community and Tourism Development in Manado – Indonesia Reni Syafriny; Sangkertadi Sangkertadi
Journal of Architecture&ENVIRONMENT Vol 18, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS)

The growth of coastal cities has experienced a shift and brings changes in the space value in coastal areas of production to the consumption. Capitalist mode of production spread evenly in areas previously held by various traditional modes of economic and social exchange. The role of the tourism and development market strongly determined the changes that often lead to contradictions and conflicts of spatial function. This paper explores the reasons of spatial competition and possibility to make more just spaces on the coast by seeking spatial balance between traditional and modern one, capital space and indigenous as well. Using a multilayered approach in the case study research, this paper revealed the phenomenon of contested space, particularly on the power relation framework on the specific sites using by different groups of interests: Littoral fishermen, recreation and tourism, and private company. Paper attracts attention to the capitalist policies that is the main reason of spatial tension that produced domination and resistance on the modern coastal space. Architects and urban planners should routinely assess the spatial equity of public resources such as coastal resources because understanding the vagaries of public resource distribution can help to facilitate provision of the public good and ultimately social justice.

Pengembangan Persamaan Regresi Kenyamanan Termal Ruang Luar Untuk Situasi Malam Hari Di Daerah Tropis Lembab Sangkertadi Sangkertadi; Reny Syafriny; Cynthia E V Wuisang
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN: Jurnal dan Aplikasi Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol 19 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Volume 19 No. 1, Januari 2022
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan Banjarbaru

In tropical and humid cities, at night human activities also take place at outdoor space under the open sky, especially around 18.00 to 22.00. Air temperature during that time also tends to be warm, and the humidity has started to increase. The question is how much the thermal comfort level of people at outdoor space so that they feel enjoy and productive for their activities. Through this study, two regression equations was developed in order to predict the level of human thermal comfort at outdoor spaces at night in tropical area. A total of 80 adults consisting of 40 men and 40 women as subjects and respondents have filled out questionnaire about the perception of thermal comfort scales when obtaining various climate penetrations. The respondents wore tropical clothing types. The experiment was carried out at outdoor under open sky at coastal area in the city of Manado. The climate variables include air temperature, humidity, and wind speed. The regression equation consists of two, namely for the case of activities sitting with light work, and walking leisurely. The equation is in the form of Y=f(Xi), where Y is the scale of perception of comfort, and Xi is the climate variable. The equation produces a predicted range of perception of thermal comfort in terms of numbers 2 (feeling hot), 1 (feeling a slightly hot), 0 (feeling comfortable), -1 (feeling a slightly cold), and -2 (feeling cold). The R value of the two regression equations are 0.7. One of the results of calculations by using the regression shows that at outdoor spaces, pepole who sit with light work still feel comfortable in a climatic environment with air temperature 320C, humidity 65%, and being touched by a wind speed of 1 m/s.

Perencanaan Prasarana dan Sarana di Kawasan Sekitar Kawasan Strategis Pariwisata Nasional Likupang Kabupaten Minahasa Utara: Infrastructure and Facilities Planning Around Area of Tourism National Strategic Area Likupang North Minahasa Regency Rumengan, Friska; Tondobala, Linda; Sangkertadi, Sangkertadi
Sabua : Jurnal Lingkungan Binaan dan Arsitektur Vol. 11 No. 2 (2022): SABUA : JURNAL LINGKUNGAN BINAAN DAN ARSITEKTUR
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35793/sabua.v11i2.45989

Abstrak Pembangunan prasarana dan sarana dasar maupun pariwisata merupakan aspek penting dalam pengembangan wilayah. Pada 15 Juli tahun 2019 di tetapkan 5 destinasi wisata prioritas termasuk Likupang. Sesuai peraturan dan deliniasi kawasan, KSPN berada di Kecamatan Likupang Timur dan untuk kawasan sekitar KSPN yaitu Kecamatan Likupang Selatan dan Likupang Barat. Kecamatan tersebut merupakan kecamatan sebagai penunjang KSPN Likupang dan diperlukan sinergitas antar kawasan agar saling menguatkan daerah masing-masing. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis Statistik Deskriptif dan mengacu aturan terkait SNI 03-1733-2004 tentang Tata Cara Perencanaan Lingkungan Perumahan di Perkotaan dan Peraturan menteri Pekerjaan Umum Republik Indonesia Nomor: 01/PRT/M/2014 Tentang Standar Pelayanan Minimal Bidang Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang. Kebutuhan prasarana-sarana dasar & pariwisata di kawasan sekitar KSPN Likupang yaitu: jalan, drainase, listrik, telekomunikasi, air bersih, pengelolaan limbah, persampahan, pendidikan, kesehatan dan peribadatan. Sedangkan prasarana pariwisata yaitu: Penunjuk arah, toilet & kamar ganti, toko souvenier, rumah makan, gapura dan dive center. Kata kunci : Prasarana dan Sarana Dasar & Pariwisata; Sinegritas Wilayah; KSPN Likupang. Abstract The development of basic infrastructure and facilities as well as tourism is an important aspects of regional development. On July 15, 2019, 5 priority tourist destinations, including Likupang. According to regulations and regional delineation, KSPN is located in East Likupang District and for the area around KSPN, namely South Likupang and West Likupang Districts. The sub-district is a sub-district as a supporter of the Likupang KSPN. This study uses descriptive statistical analysis and refers to related rules: SNI 03-1733-2004 concerning Procedures for Planning for Housing Environments in Urban and Minister of Public Works Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 01/PRT/M/2014 concerning Minimum Service Standards for Public Works and Spatial planning. The need for basic infrastructure & tourism in the area around the Likupang KSPN: the road network, drainage, electricity, telecommunications, clean water network, waste management, educational facilities, health facilities, and worship facilities. As for the tourism infrastructure, it consists of: directions, toilets & changing rooms, souvenir shops, restaurants, gates, and dive centers. Keywords: Basic Infrastructure and Facilities & Tourism; Regional Synergy: KSPN Likupang.

Kenyamanan Termal Para Pengunjung Ruang Terbuka Hijau Publik di Kota Manado Sigilipu, Virginia; Sangkertadi, Sangkertadi; Malik, Andi
Sabua : Jurnal Lingkungan Binaan dan Arsitektur Vol. 12 No. 2 (2023): SABUA : JURNAL LINGKUNGAN BINAAN DAN ARSITEKTUR
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35793/sabua.v12i2.52604

AbstrakRuang publik berperan penting sebagai tempat terjadinya berbagai aktivitas sosial, rekreasi dan budaya. Taman kota merupakan salah satu ruang terbuka hijau publik yang diharapkan mampu memenuhi kebutuhan dan tuntutan kenyamanan penunjung atau penggunanya. Salah satu aspek fisik nyaman di ruang luar yaitu kenyamanan termal yang merupakan hal mutlak yang dibutuhkan tubuh manusia. Namun, dampak pemanasan global dan angka kepadatan penduduk perkotaan yang meningkat mengakibatkan peningkatan suhu di perkotaan. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis tingkat kenyamanan termal di tiga taman kota Manado melalui pengukuran iklim mikro (suhu udara, kelembaban, kecepatan angin dan suhu bola hitam) dan faktor individu (berat dan tinggi badan) serta melalui kuesioner. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan hasil perhitungan dan persepsi kuesioner menunjukan bahwa taman kota dengan tingkat kenyamanan paling tinggi adalah di Taman God Bless. Tingkat kenyamanan termal ini dapat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi iklim mikro, lokasi taman, vegetasi, dan fasilitas yang ada disetiap taman kota.Kata kunci: Iklim mikro, kenyamanan termal, ruang terbuka hijau publik, kota ManadoAbstractPublic space plays an important role as a venue for various social, recreational and cultural activities. City parks are one of the public green open spaces that are expected to be able to meet the needs and demands for the comfort of visitors or users. One of the physical aspects of comfort in outdoor space is thermal comfort which is absolutely necessary for the human body. However, the impact of global warming and the increasing urban population density resulted in an increase in urban temperatures. The aim of the study was to analyze the level of thermal comfort in three Manado city parks through microclimate measurements (air temperature, humidity, wind speed and black ball temperature) and individual factors (weight and height) as well as through a questionnaire. The results of the research based on the results of calculations and perceptions of the questionnaire show that the city park with the highest comfort level is God Bless Park. This level of thermal comfort can be influenced by microclimatic conditions, park location, vegetation, and existing facilities in each city park.Keyword: Microclimate, thermal comfort, public green open space, Manado city

PEMETAAN GAS RUMAH KACA DI KOTA MANADO Palar, Mawar Sharon; Sangkertadi, Sangkertadi; Prijadi, Rachmat
MEDIA MATRASAIN Vol. 21 No. 2 (2024): MEDIA MATRASAIN
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Engineering Faculty - Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Pemanasan global dan perubahan iklim disebabkan oleh gas-gas rumah kaca seperti CO2, CH4, dan NOx yang menyerap dan memancarkan radiasi inframerah, menyebabkan peningkatan suhu global. Aktivitas manusia seperti industri, pertanian, deforestasi, dan penggunaan energi fosil menyebabkan peningkatan emisi gas tersebut. Pencemaran udara menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 23 tahun 1997 pasal 1 ayat 12 mengenai Pencemaran Lingkungan adalah masuknya atau dimasukkannya makhluk hidup, zat, energi, dan/atau komponen lain ke dalam lingkungan hidup oleh kegiatan manusia sehingga kualitasnya turun sampai ke tingkat tertentu yang menyebabkan lingkungan hidup tidak dapat berfungsi sesuai dengan peruntukannya. Kota Manado, sebagai ibu kota Sulawesi Utara, memiliki peran penting dalam konteks perubahan iklim dan dampaknya terhadap lingkungan dan masyarakat setempat. Peningkatan aktivitas manusia, pertumbuhan populasi, dan perkembangan ekonomi telah berkontribusi pada peningkatan emisi gas rumah kaca di kota tersebut. Dengan pertumbuhan penduduk sebesar 0,31 persen dan kepadatan penduduk mencapai 2.934 penduduk/km2, aktivitas kegiatan yang memicu naiknya konsentrasi GRK juga meningkat. Pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang pola emisi gas rumah kaca di Manado menjadi kunci dalam upaya mengurangi dampak perubahan iklim dan melindungi lingkungan serta kesejahteraan masyarakat lokal. Penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan wawasan penting bagi pemerintah daerah, dan masyarakat untuk merancang kebijakan yang berkelanjutan serta berkontribusi pada upaya global dalam mengatasi perubahan iklim.

Identifikasi Struktur Ruang Berdasarkan Indikator Pola Pergerakan Masyarakat di Kota Bitung Durand, Deo Victor; Sangkertadi, Sangkertadi; Rogi, Octavianus H.A
Sabua : Jurnal Lingkungan Binaan dan Arsitektur Vol. 10 No. 2 (2021): SABUA : JURNAL LINGKUNGAN BINAAN DAN ARSITEKTUR
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35793/sabua.v10i2.37545

Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (RTRW) Kota Bitung sebagai wilayah penelitian telah memasuki tahap revisi saat penelitian ini diangkat, dan perlu dilihat bahwa pusat keramaian kota saat ini lebih banyak terjadi di kecamatan Girian yang merupakan Sub-Pusat Kota daripada kecamatan Maesa yang merupakan Pusat Kota sesuai yang tertera di dalam RTRW Kota Bitung, sehingga perlu dilihat pusat pelayanan dalam Struktur Ruang Kota dengan melihat indikator Pola Pergerakan Masyarakat lewat metode â€œOrigin Destination Surveyâ€. Tujuan penelitian ini mengidentifikasi struktur ruang kota Bitung berdasarkan indikator pola pergerakan masyarakat di kota Bitung dengan metode â€œOrigin Destination Surveyâ€ dan mengidentifikasi permasalahan yang berpotensi terjadi sesuai dengan struktur ruang yang telah diidentifikasi. Metode pengumpulan data adalah melakukan survey dalam bentuk wawancara kuesioner kepada masyarakat kota Bitung dan metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Deskriptif Kuantitatif yaitu melihat visualisasi pergerakan masyarakat lewat Matriks Asal Tujuan dan Peta â€œDesire Lineâ€. Hasil penelitian saat ini: (1) Struktur ruang kota Bitung yang diidentifikasi adalah kota dengan Struktur Ruang Kota Polisentris. (2)Adapun permasalahan yang akan terjadi di kota Bitung dengan struktur ruang kota polisentris, yaitu : Kota Polisentris dengan arahan pembangunan cenderung horizontal membuat jarak beberapa zona ke pusat pelayanan jauh sehingga masyarakat akan bergantung pada kendaraan bermotor sebagai transportasi, investasi untuk penyediaan transportasi publik tidak efektif dan mahal sehingga masyarakat akan cenderung bergantung pada transportasi pribadi, dan kecenderungan masyarakat bergantung pada kendaraan bermotor bisa berakibat pada polusi udara dari emisi bahan bakar yang bisa berakibat buruk pada lingkungan sekitar. Kata kunci: Struktur Ruang; Pola Pergerakan Masyarakat; Origin Destination Survey

PEMETAAN GAS RUMAH KACA DI KOTA MANADO Palar, Mawar Sharon; Sangkertadi, Sangkertadi; Prijadi, Rachmat
MEDIA MATRASAIN Vol. 21 No. 2 (2024): MEDIA MATRASAIN
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Engineering Faculty - Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Pemanasan global dan perubahan iklim disebabkan oleh gas-gas rumah kaca seperti CO2, CH4, dan NOx yang menyerap dan memancarkan radiasi inframerah, menyebabkan peningkatan suhu global. Aktivitas manusia seperti industri, pertanian, deforestasi, dan penggunaan energi fosil menyebabkan peningkatan emisi gas tersebut. Pencemaran udara menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 23 tahun 1997 pasal 1 ayat 12 mengenai Pencemaran Lingkungan adalah masuknya atau dimasukkannya makhluk hidup, zat, energi, dan/atau komponen lain ke dalam lingkungan hidup oleh kegiatan manusia sehingga kualitasnya turun sampai ke tingkat tertentu yang menyebabkan lingkungan hidup tidak dapat berfungsi sesuai dengan peruntukannya. Kota Manado, sebagai ibu kota Sulawesi Utara, memiliki peran penting dalam konteks perubahan iklim dan dampaknya terhadap lingkungan dan masyarakat setempat. Peningkatan aktivitas manusia, pertumbuhan populasi, dan perkembangan ekonomi telah berkontribusi pada peningkatan emisi gas rumah kaca di kota tersebut. Dengan pertumbuhan penduduk sebesar 0,31 persen dan kepadatan penduduk mencapai 2.934 penduduk/km2, aktivitas kegiatan yang memicu naiknya konsentrasi GRK juga meningkat. Pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang pola emisi gas rumah kaca di Manado menjadi kunci dalam upaya mengurangi dampak perubahan iklim dan melindungi lingkungan serta kesejahteraan masyarakat lokal. Penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan wawasan penting bagi pemerintah daerah, dan masyarakat untuk merancang kebijakan yang berkelanjutan serta berkontribusi pada upaya global dalam mengatasi perubahan iklim.

Changes in Microclimate Due to the Properties of Landscape Materials: A Case Study in a Coastal City of a Tropical Area Sangkertadi, Sangkertadi; S, Supardjo; Z, Zahra; H. S, Suriandjo
Journal of World Science Vol. 4 No. 4 (2025): Journal of World Science
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jws.v4i4.1386

The objective of this study is to determine the role of landscape materials in microclimate changes within a tropical humid environment, specifically in coastal areas. Landscape materials possess thermophysical properties that can influence microclimate changes. This study focuses on three microclimate variables: surface temperature, air temperature and solar radiation. The landscape materials examined include bricks, dry` soil, paving stones, trees, and a garden pond. A quantitative descriptive analysis method was employed. Thermophysical properties of local materials, such as red bricks and paving blocks, were measured using a calorimeter, infrared thermometer, and thermocouples. Microclimate measurements were conducted in the open space of a commercial zone at coastal area of Manado City, Indonesia. The measurement include solar radiation, air temperature, and surface temperature of various materials. The HEAT2 computer program was used to assist in analyzing changes in surface temperature due to the presence of different landscape materials. The results revealed that at midday, trees could reduce solar radiation by up to 80% under their shade. Conversely, materials like bricks, paving stones, and hard soil, when exposed to direct sunlight, could cause surface temperatures to reach up to 50°C. The surface temperature of the garden pond water could reach 50°C, but at a depth of 50 cm, the temperature dropped to 25°C.

Analisis Desain Bukaan Ventilasi Terhadap Arah Aliran Angin pada Rumah Tinggal Misman, Archie Gilliant; Sangkertadi, Sangkertadi; Wuisang, Cynthia E. V.
RADIAL : Jurnal Peradaban Sains, Rekayasa dan Teknologi Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): RADIAL: JuRnal PerADaban SaIns RekAyasan dan TeknoLogi
Publisher : Universitas Bina Taruna Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37971/radial.v13i1.446

This research aims to analyze the effect of the design of ventilation in residential houses at the Royal Residence on the direction of incoming wind flow to increase indoor thermal comfort. The research was carried out using quantitative methods, where values were taken by direct measurements at the location and then analyzed using CFD simulations Cradle CFD and Energy 2D. The research results show that the existing ventilation design of Casement Top Hung produces an average indoor wind speed of 0.281 m/s, not good enough to flow air into the room evenly, the Vertically Pivoted type produces an average wind speed of 1.28 m/s, and the air is channeled evenly so that the wind that enters the room provides thermal comfort to the occupants. The direction of the opening greatly influences the speed and distribution of incoming air to support air comfortable for people. The landscape greatly affects the placement of openings and the types of windows where wind can be spread throughout the room evenly to provide thermal comfort for occupants. These results can be used as an evaluation in trends of selection window types and for further research in improving the thermal comfort of residential in different landscape environmental conditions.

Comfort of A Co-Working Space in A Modern Café in Manado City Ardiansyah, Wisnu Fauzan; Sangkertadi, Sangkertadi; Wuisang, Cynthia Erlita Virgin
Interdisciplinary Social Studies Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): Regular Issue: April-June 2025
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/iss.v4i3.863

This study investigates the comfort levels of co-working spaces within modern cafés in Manado City, focusing on three primary environmental factors: thermal, lighting, and acoustic conditions. The emergence of the Work from Café (WFC) trend among the younger workforce underscores the need for adaptive spatial environments that support productivity. Utilizing a mixed-method approach, both quantitative measurements and qualitative perceptions were collected from 34 café visitors actively working during weekdays. Tools such as the Delta Ohm HDTC 32.3, Lux Meter, and Sound Level Meter were employed to assess temperature, light, and noise levels, respectively. The results reveal that thermal comfort is the most influential factor, with air temperature showing a significant positive correlation with perceived comfort, whereas humidity and wind speed had minimal impact. Conversely, lighting intensity and glare were found to have weak correlations with visual comfort, and acoustic measurements indicated a discrepancy between objective noise levels and subjective perceptions, suggesting user adaptation. These findings highlight the divergence between physical measurements and individual experiences in informal workspaces. The study concludes that enhancing thermal conditions, managing acoustics, and re-evaluating lighting design are essential strategies for café operators aiming to optimize their spaces for co-working users. The research contributes to a deeper understanding of environmental comfort in semi-public work settings and offers practical insights for architectural and interior design improvements in modern cafés.

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