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Legal Comparisons Regarding the Content of Franchise Prospectus in Legal System of United States of America, Australia, Indonesia For Legal Protection of Frait Recipients in Indonesia Rika Githamala Ginting
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) Vol 4, No 2 (2021): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute May
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birci.v4i2.1987

Abstract

The prospectus document is given as a consideration for the franchisee whether they want to participate in operating the franchise or not. Apart from being used as a medium to find out information about franchises, this prospectus is also a form of legal protection for franchisees. Article 7 of the Government Regulation on franchising regulates clauses that must be included in the prospectus. The regulations governing minimal clauses in this prospectus are quite minimal. Compared to the United States, which is the originating country for franchising and Australia, which follows the United States in regulating its franchises, Indonesia is still far behind in the preparation of its prospectus documents. The method used is the legal comparative research method because it is used to compare regulations in a country with other countries. The research results show that each prospectus minimum clause in Indonesia has its own objectives in terms of protecting prospective franchisees and franchisees. There are differences between the clauses that must be listed in the prospectus in the United States, Australia and Indonesia, where there are clauses that are regulated in the United States and Australia which are not regulated in the minimum clause of the prospectus in Indonesia, although there are differences, but there are also clauses that are the same regulated in the three countries, it's just that the explanation of the provisions has differences. Regarding whether Indonesia's prospectus is capable of, Indonesia's minimum clause has not been able to provide protection for franchisees in Indonesia.   
Defending The State in The Digital Domain: Between Cyber Threats and National Awareness Rika Githamala Ginting; Gatot Teguh Arifyanto; Fauzan Ghafur
CAKRAWALA: Journal of Citizenship Teaching and Learning Vol 3 No 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Academic Solution Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70489/8ybgrr82

Abstract

Cyber threats are a big challenge for Indonesia along with the development of digital technology and dependence on cyberspace. This article aims to analyze the relationship between cyber threats and digital national defense and the role of national awareness in strengthening state resilience. This qualitative research with a literature analysis shows that Indonesia faces major challenges in digital resilience, such as low digital literacy, inadequate infrastructure, and limited experts in the field of cybersecurity. In conclusion, collaboration between the government, the private sector, and the community as well as increased digital literacy is needed to strengthen Indonesia's cyber resilience.
Islamization in Haminjon: A Study of Business Morality in Batak Entrepreneurial Networks Syahrial Arif Hutagalung; Gatot Teguh Arifyanto; Fauzan Ghafur; Rika Githamala Ginting; Yessi Kurnia Arjani Manik
Bulletin of Indonesian Islamic Studies Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Bulletin of Indonesian Islamic Studies
Publisher : KURAS Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51214/biis.v4i2.1571

Abstract

This study examines the interaction between Islamic values and Batak traditions in the business practices of Muslim entrepreneurs in North Sumatra, focusing on haminjon (frankincense), which holds both spiritual and economic significance for Batak society. Unlike previous research that rarely explores the integration of religion and custom in trade, this study employs a qualitative ethnographic approach. Fieldwork was conducted over three months (April–June 2025) in Doloksanggul and Balige, involving seven participants: three Batak Muslim entrepreneurs, two haminjon traders, one customary leader, and one local ustaz. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis, and examined using thematic coding to identify negotiation patterns between adat and Islam. The findings indicate that Islamization in this context does not occur through doctrinal enforcement but rather through moral diplomacy, ethical conduct, and everyday commercial practices. Muslim entrepreneurs continue to uphold kinship ties and customary obligations, while reinterpreting them through Islamic principles such as honesty, justice, rejection of usury, and social responsibility. Within this process, haminjon serves as both a cultural and economic bridge, shifting from a ritual object into a symbol of halal trade and moral integrity. Theoretically, this study proposes a contextual model of Islamic business ethics rooted in local values yet adaptable to cultural pluralism. Practically, it underscores trade as a medium of Islamization, showing that the integration of religion and tradition occurs through productive reinterpretation that strengthens collective identity and supports sustainable development.
Revitalisasi UMKM Pengrajin Kayu Kota Medan untuk Penguatan Daya Saing melalui Optimalisasi Peralatan Produksi dan Efektivitas Biaya Produksi Nurhaflah Soraya; Rahmadani, Rahmadani; Khairi Anshor; Devanta Abraham Tarigan; Rika Githamala Ginting
JURPIKAT (Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Politeknik Piksi Ganesha Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37339/jurpikat.v6i4.2729

Abstract

This community service program aims to enhance the competitiveness of woodcraft SMEs in Medan City through revitalization strategies focused on optimizing production equipment and improving cost-effectiveness. The main challenges faced by these SMEs are outdated technology, inefficient tools, and high operational costs, which result in low productivity and suboptimal product quality. Through technical training, mentoring, and the implementation of equipment improvement as well as cost management practices, the program successfully increased production efficiency, reduced unnecessary expenses, and improved the quality of wooden products to become more competitive in local and regional markets. The results indicate significant improvements in production capacity, cost efficiency, and entrepreneurial knowledge in sustainable business management, thereby strengthening the competitiveness of woodcraft SMEs amid an increasingly dynamic market environment.