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All Journal Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Jurnal Pembelajaran dan Biologi Nukleus Jurnal MedScientiae
Monica Puspa Sari
Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections, Anemia, and Undernutrition Among School-Children in An Elementary School in North Jakarta, Indonesia Sari, Monica Puspa; Nathasaria, Tabita; Majawati, Esther Sri; Pangaribuan, Helena Ullyartha
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 52, No 4 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The strategy to control soil-transmitted helminth (STH) is through periodic deworming to eliminate infective worms among children. Helminthiasis is known to impair the nutrition and physical status of infected children. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and relationship between nutritional status and infection among School-Age Children (SAC) following deworming campaigns in Public Elementary School 6 Cilincing, North Jakarta, Indonesia. This study was a cross-sectional analytical observation on 82 children sampled using the Kato Katz approach during the period of August and November 2019. Nutritional status was determined using the standardized AnthroPlus Software while the Kolmogorov Smirnov test was used to statistically analyze the data. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on hygiene and deworming pill consumption. Results showed that 7.3% of 82 children were infected with at least one of the following STH parasites: Ascaris lumbricoides accounts (n=3, 3.7%), Trichuris trichiura (n=2, 2.4%), and Enterobius vermicularis (n=1, 1.2%). Anemia was defined as a hemoglobin concentration of <8-11.9 g/dL for the age group of 8-13 years old. Of all participants, 10 (12%) were anemic. The proportion of children representing mild and moderate anemia were 4% and 6%, respectively. The prevalence of infection was not associated with anemia and STH infection did not present significant association with undernutrition statusAlmost children practiced hand washing before eating (93.9%). About 96% of children had pit latrines and only 24 children (29.5%) took deworming pills in the last 6 months. Thus, routine anthelminthic treatment for school children in urban areas is necessary. Infeksi Cacing yang ditularkan melalui Tanah, Anemia dan Gizi Buruk pada Anak Sekolah Dasar di Jakarta Utara, Indonesia Strategi pengendalian cacingan melalui pemberian obat cacing  berkala untuk memberantas cacingan pada anak. Anak terinfeksi dapat mengalami gangguan gizi dan fisik. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui prevalensi STH dan hubungan status gizi anak sekolah pasca kampanye pemberantasan cacing di SDN 6 Cilincing, Jakarta Utara. Observasional analitik dengan desain studi potong lintang digunakan dalam sampel kato-katz dari 82 anak sekolah. Penelitian dilakukan dari Agustus-November 2019. Status gizi ditentukan menggunakan software AnthroPlus. Uji Kolmogorov smirnov untuk menganalisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  7,3% dari 82 anak terinfeksi setidaknya satu parasit STH. Parasit yang teridentifikasi, Ascaris lumbricoides sebanyak 3 (3,7%). Trichuris trichiura 2 (2.4%) diklasifikasikan infeksi ringan dan Enterobius vermicularis 1 (1,2%). Anemia didefinisikan bila konsentrasi Hb <8-11,9 g/dL untuk anak 8-13 tahun. Secara total, 10 (12%) anak anemia. Proporsi anak mewakili anemia ringan dan sedang masing-masing adalah 4%, dan 6%. Prevalensi infeksi tidak berhubungan dengan anemia. Anak positif STH tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan dengan kekurangan gizi pada anak. Pengumpulan data kuesioner dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Hampir semua anak mempraktikkan kebersihan tangan yang benar, mencuci tangan sebelum makan (93,9%). Memiliki jamban 96% dan hanya 24 anak (29,5%) minum obat cacing 6 bulan terakhir. Hasil ini mendukung antihelmintik rutin pada anak sekolah di daerah perkotaan.
Efficacy of Shampoo Made from Bangle Rhizome Extract (Zingiber montanum) Against Head Lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) Susilowati, Rina Priastini; Sari, Monica Puspa; Santoso, Adit Widodo
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v12i2.54832

Abstract

Head lice is a major public health problem worldwide. Its treatment is challenging due to product failures resulting from rapidly emerging resistance to existing treatments, incorrect treatment application, and misdiagnosis. Various head lice treatments with different mechanisms of action have been developed and explored over the years, with limited reports on systematic assessments of their efficacy and safety. The head lice shampoo currently in circulation is 1% permethrin-based. Side effects of using permethrin-based shampoos include skin irritation and high resistance. The research conducted aims to present strong evidence that the use of shampoo made from bangle rhizome extract against head lice mortality is safer to use. The study used 240 head lice taken from elementary school students aged 8-12 years in a school in Bekasi. The study group was divided into 6 groups: negative control group (using baby shampoo), positive control group (using permethrin-based anti-lice shampoo), shampoo treatment group made from bangle rhizome extract with dose of 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 4%. In addition to calculating the number of head lice deaths per group, the time of death was also calculated to determine LC50 (Lethal Concentration 50), LC90 (Lethal Concentration 90), LT50 (Lethal Time 50), and LT90 (Lethal Time 90). The results showed a highly significant difference between the number of head lice deaths in the control group and the shampoo treatment group made from bangle rhizome extract (p<0.01). Likewise, there was a highly significant difference for the time of death of head lice in the control group and the shampoo treatment group made from bangle rhizome extract. Statistical analysis showed LC50 of 0.96%, LC90 of 2.84%, LT50 of 57.72 minutes, and LT90 of 28.79 minutes. It can be concluded that the effective dose of shampoo made from bangle rhizome extract is 4%, which can kill 100% of head lice within 27 minutes.
E Efektivitas Albendazol Dosis Tunggal terhadap Infeksi Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) Sari, Monica Puspa
Jurnal MedScientiae Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan Ukrida

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36452/JMedScientiae.v3i1.3110

Abstract

The problems of worm’s infection is still a problem for Indonesian people, especially children who live in endemic areas with a lack of sanitation and clean water. The two recommended treatment regiments are Albendazole 400 mg and Mebendazole 500 mg. Several studies report that the efficacy of albendazole varies. The aims of literature review is to assess the efficacy of albendazole against STH infections, and the factors that influence the efficacy of albendazole, factors that can increase efficacy and reduce efficacy. The research method used is a literature review with a descriptive approach based on literature from relevant research articles or journals. Library searches were searched via Google scholar, Pubmed, E-journal. The keywords and boolean operators used in the research are albendazole AND Soil transmitted helminths OR cure rate OR egg reduction rate. The CR of a single dose of albendazole against A. lumbricoides reaches 80-100%. 50-54% of hookworm infections occur due to frequent recurrent infections. There were differences in results regarding the CR of T. trichiura 12,8%-66,7% and 80-90%. This difference occurs due to differences in the degree of unfections. Single dose albendazole base on CR and ERR is less effective against T. trichiura infection. Albendazole should be given in combination with other drugs or in extra doses to eliminate STH infections.
Histopathological Changes of Midgut Epithelial Cells of Aedes aegypti Larvae Exposed to Permot Leaf Extract (Passiflora foetida) Susilowati, Rina Priastini; Sari, Monica Puspa
JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS Vol 8, No 1: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus Maret 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jpbn.v8i1.2465

Abstract

The Aedes aegypti mosquito is the main vector of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Various prevention efforts were carried out to reduce the population of Ae. aegypti. One way to break the chain of Ae. aegypti is to kill the development of its larvae, namely with synthetic or vegetable larvicides. Permot (Passiflora foetida) is one type of plant that can be used as a vegetable insecticide because it contains active chemical compounds such as alkaloids and flavonoids. Larvae of Ae. aegypti used was instar III with a total of 600, which was divided into 6 treatment groups (1 negative control group, 1 positive control group using 1% temephos, permot leaf extract with dose levels of 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 4% ) and 4 replicates. Data on mortality of Ae. aegypti was calculated to determine the effective dose (LC50 and LC90) using the Probit test, while histopathological changes were calculated to determine the toxicity of the permot leaf extract using the one-way Anova test. The results showed that the LC50 value was 1.85% and LC90 was 2.35%, which means that the effective dose of permot leaf extract was 2.35%. In the treatment of 4% permot leaf extract, it showed histopathological changes in the midgut epithelial cells of Ae. aegypti larvae, midgut epithelial cells became lysed, changed shape, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and separated from the basement membrane. Peritrophic membranes, microvilli and brush border were partially or totally damaged. 
Prevalensi dan Hubungan Infeksi Protozoa Usus dengan Kejadian Diare di RSUD Kemayoran Tahun 2020-2021 Sari, Monica Puspa; Pandapotan, Roy Akur; Agustina, Nurul Fitria
Jurnal MedScientiae Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36452/JMedScientiae.v3i3.3464

Abstract

Infeksi protozoa usus masih menjadi permasalahan di dunia, terutama di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia dengan angka prevalensi 10-18%. Infeksi protozoa usus dapat menyebabkan diare pada anak. Tujuan penelitian adalah ingin mengetahui prevalensi dan hubungan protozoa usus pada penderita diare yang dirawat di RSUD Kemayoran Jakarta. Metode penelitian yaitu analitik deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional menggunakan data rekam medik penderita diare pada tahun 2020-2021 di RSUD Kemayoran. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan dari 76 responden didapatkan bahwa kejadian diare di RSUD Kemayoran pada tahun 2020 sampai 2021 paling banyak terjadi pada anak laki laki dengan prevalensi protozoa usus (10,5%). Entamoeba histolytica merupakan protozoa usus yang paling sering menyebabkan diare pada anak. Gejala mual ditemukan sebanyak 5,3%, tanpa dehidrasi sebanyak 6,6% dengan lama rawat 3 hari (9,2%). Hasil uji Fisher menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara infeksi protozoa usus dengan gejala mual yang timbulkan (p=0,044), terdapat hubungan antara infeksi protozoa usus dengan karakteristik tinja yang cair (p=0,048) dan berlendir (p=0,045). Hasil uji Mann Whitney menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara infeksi protozoa usus dengan usia, pekerjaan dan tingkat pendidikan (p=0,000) serta kadar hemoglobin (p=0,013). Kesimpulan terdapat hubungan antara infeksi protozoa usus dengan gejala mual, konsistensi tinja, usia, pekerjaan, tingkat pendidikan dan kadar hemoglobin.
The Role of Flavonoids as Immunomodulatory Agents: Therapeutic Potential and Mechanisms of Action Sabini, Jasmine Harumi; Susilowati, Rina Priastini; Sari, Monica Puspa
Jurnal MedScientiae Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36452/jmedscientiae.v4i1.3710

Abstract

Flavonoids are a group of polyphenolic compounds widely found in plants and have long been recognized for their biological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In recent years, increasing attention has been given to the potential of flavonoids as immunomodulatory agents. This review article aims to summarize and evaluate scientific evidence regarding the role of flavonoids in modulating both innate and adaptive immune responses. Several flavonoids, such as apigenin, genistein, quercetin, and naringenin, have been shown to suppress the production of proinflammatory cytokines, inhibit macrophage activation, and influence the differentiation of T cell subpopulations such as Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg. In addition, some flavonoids have been found to inhibit inflammasome activation and may promote macrophage polarization toward either the M1 or M2 phenotype depending on the pathological context. Although preclinical data demonstrate promising results, challenges such as low bioavailability remain a major barrier to therapeutic application. Therefore, further research is needed to optimize the clinical potential of flavonoids as effective and safe immunomodulatory agents.
Co-Authors Agustina, Nurul Fitria Esther Sri Majawati Nathasaria, Tabita Pangaribuan, Helena Ullyartha R. Sapto Hendri Boedi Soesatyo Roy Akur Pandapotan, Roy Akur Sabini, Jasmine Harumi Santoso, Adit Widodo Susilowati, Rina Priastini