Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

Development of Green Pavement for Reducing Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) in the Ambient Air Dewi, Kania; Khair, Hafizhul; Irsyad, Moh.
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 48, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

The transportation sector is the biggest contributor to air pollution in Indonesia, especially in metropolitan cities. Gases such as oxides of nitrogen (NOx) are produced during the combustion of fossil fuels in the internal combustion of vehicle engines. Oxides of nitrogen such as nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are important air pollutants, because they cause significant harm to human health and play an important role in being precursors of other dangerous pollutants such as photochemical smog. One of the simple ways to reduce NOx concentrations is utilizing a catalytic process involving UV light and semiconductor particles such as TiO2. Illuminated TiO2 UV light is capable of producing an electron (e-) and hole (h-) pair, which initiates a chemical reaction that alters the NOx to become NO3- or NO2-. A field scale paving block reactor coated with TiO2 placed by the roadside was exposed to UV light using various exposure times. The results showed that the sample with a composition of 200 g/m2 TiO2 was capable of adsorbing NOx gas at an average rate of 0.0046 mg/m2/minute. Additional costs due to TiO2 coating for every square meter of paving are IDR 13,180.

IMPROVED INTERPERSONAL INTELLIGENCE MODEL STUDENTS THROUGH COOPERATIVE LEARNING (TYPE two stay two stray) IN LEARNING IPS (Classroom Action Research in Class VIII C SMP Negeri 45 Bandung) Dewi, Kania
International Journal Pedagogy of Social Studies Vol 2, No 2 (2017): Research Social Studies
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijposs.v2i2.10168

Abstract-This research is supported by low interpersonal intelligence of learners on IPS learning in class VIII C SMP Negeri 45 Bandung. This can be seen from the still low empathy, prosocial, low self-awareness as a member of the group, social ethics of learners, problem-solving skills and effective communication skills of learners. Seeing the problem, the researcher chose Cooperative Learning Model Type Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) as a solution to improve students' interpersonal intelligence. The purpose of this study is to describe the planning, implementation, obstacles and solutions and increase interpersonal intelligence. The type of research used is Class Action Research (PTK) Kemmis and Mc model. Taggart which consists of four stages. Stages of planning in this study include determining SK / KD and teaching materials, preparing RPP, Student Worksheet and create research instruments according to the needs of researchers. This research was conducted in three cycles and obtained the result of improvement of students' interpersonal intelligence in IPS learning. Increased interpersonal intelligence of learners is characterized by an increase that occurs in every aspect of the assessment of interpersonal intelligence. This proves cooperative learning model type two stay two stray (TSTS) can improve students' interpersonal intelligence.Keywords: Interpersonal Intelligence, Cooperative Learning Model type Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS).

KAJIAN DAMPAK PENAMBANGAN TIMAH INKONVENSIONAL TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN DAN SOSIAL EKONOMI MASYARAKAT (STUDI KASUS: KABUPATEN BANGKA BARAT PROVINSI KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG) Erwana, Fahrika; Dewi, Kania; Rahardyan, Benno
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol 22, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Abstrak: Penelitian ini merupakan pengukuran dan evaluasi terhadap dampak penambangan timah inkonvensional terhadap kondisi sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat, maupun terjadinya kerusakan lingkungan akibat penambangan timah di Kabupaten Bangka Barat Provinsi Bangka Belitung. Data penelitian diperoleh dari kuesioner, observasi dan penelusuran pustaka. Pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan uji validitas dan reliabilitas kuesioner, serta penilaian awareness dan persepsi masyarakat. Selain itu akan dilakukan analisis jalur untuk melihat pengaruh variabel terhadap persepsi dampak sosial, ekonomi dan lingkungan. Penelitian melibatkan 400 responden yang dipilih secara acak di 2 kecamatan di Kabupaten Bangka Barat yaitu Kecamatan Mentok dan Kecamatan Jebus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertambangan timah inkonvensional memberikan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan dan kondisi sosial masyarakat, namun memberikan dampak positif terhadap kondisi ekonomi masyarakat. Berdasarkan analisis jalur, variabel awareness, kesediaan berpartisipasi, ekspektasi dan dukungan terhadap penambangan timah inkonvensional memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap persepsi dampak sosial, ekonomi dan lingkungan. Kata kunci: pertambangan timah inkonvensional, validitas dan reliabilitas, analisis jalur Abtract: This study is a measurement and evaluation of the impact of unconventional tin mining on the social and economic conditions, as well as the environmental damage caused by tin mining in the district of West Bangka of Bangka Belitung province. Data were obtained from questionnaires, observation, and literature review. Firstly, questionnaire need to be tested its validity and reliability before continued to assess awareness and perception. In addition there will be path analysis to observe the influene of variables to perception of social, economic and environment impacts. The study involved 400 randomly selectced respondents in the tw osub districts in the District of West Bangka, they are Mentok and Jebus. Observation result showed that the unconventional tin mining gives negative impact on the environment and social conditions, but it gives a positive impact on the economic conditions. Based on path analysis, variables of awareness, participation, expectation and support unconventional tin mining have significant effect to perception of social, economic and environment impacts. Keywords: Unconventional tin mining, validity, reliability, path analysis

PEMAKAIAN REAKTOR ADSORPSI MENGGUNAKAN ADSORBEN LIMBAH LAS KARBID UNTUK MENGOLAH CO2 Perdanawati, Ulfi; Dewi, Kania
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol 16, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Abstrak: Adsorpsi merupakan proses penyerapan fluida tertentu pada permukaan solid. Aplikasi adsorpsi banyak digunakan dalam pengendalian pencemaran udara. Pemilihan adsorben merupakan faktor yang penting dalam desain unit adsorpsi. Adsorben yang digunakan selain mampu mereduksi zat pencemar, diharapkan juga memiliki nilai ekonomi rendah dan pada kondisi jenuh tidak berbahaya bagi lingkungan. Limbah las karbid merupakan produk samping dari pengelasan menggunakan gas asetilen. Dalam United States Patent nomor 5997833, disebutkan bahwa slurry limbah las karbid mengandung Ca(OH)2, senyawa alkali hidroksida yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mengolah CO2 melalui proses karbonatasi mineral. Pada penelitian ini digunakan reaktor adsorpsi dengan adsorben limbah las karbid dalam dua variasi bentuk dan empat variasi massa digunakan untuk mereduksi CO2. Penentuan kapasitas adsorpsi CO2 dilihat menggunakan persamaan isotherm Linear, Freundlich, dan Langmuir. Selain itu juga ditentukan kesetimbangan massa antara adsorbat dan adsorben, sehingga dapat diketahui, penyisihan CO2 yang terjadi merupakan hasil reaksi adsorpsi. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa efisiensi penyishian CO2 berbeda pada kedua bentuk adsorben, di mana adsorben serbuk memiliki efisiensi penyisihan terbesar. Hasil analisis isotherm membuktikan proses adsorpsi terjadi mengikuti isotherm Langmuir. Analisis kesetimbangan massa menunjukkan bahwa reaksi yang terjadi merupakan reaksi antara Ca(OH)2 dengan CO2 menghasilkan CaCO3.

ANALISIS DISPERSI POLUTAN DARI MULTIPLE SOURCES OPERASIONAL PLTU BATUBARA X SEBAGAI MEDIA PERHITUNGAN VALUASI EKONOMI Jenned, Mardhika Lunaria; Dewi, Kania
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol 23, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Abstrak: Dalam kegiatan operasional nya PLTU menghasilkan polutan yang berasal dari gas buang hasil pembakaran kegiatan industri, pembakaran bahan bakar dari transportasi operasional dan tumpukan batu bara yang tertiup oleh angin. Hasil model menunjukkan keadaan udara ambien di sekitar lokasi penelitian terjadi beberapa kejadian dimana konsentrasi polutan menjadi sangat besar melebihi baku mutu, CO pada periode tahunan dengan waktu running 1 jam mencapai 91.489,31 ug/m3, 24 jam mencapai 7.380,355 ug/m3 dan annual sebesar 2.580,604 ug/m3, konsentrasi NOx untuk waktu simulasi 1 jam, 24 jam dan annualsebesar 67.276,63 ug/m3, 4.373,796 ug/m3 dan 183,1157 ug/m3. Konsentrasi SO2pada lokasi penelitian mencapai 32.840,63 ug/m3 untuk 1 jam, 2.089,144 ug/m3 untuk 24 jam dan 51.887 untuk waktu simulasi annual, sedangkan konsentrasi TSP yang terjadi untuk 24 jam sebesar 937,7436 ug/m3 dan 43.4765 ug/m3 untuk waktu simulasi annual. Jika dibandingkan dengan jumlah kejadian dalam setiap waktu simulasi, kondisi konsentrasi yang melebihi baku mutu untuk simulasi 1 jam dan 24 jam tidak ada yang mencapai 0.1 % dari keseluruhan data, bisa di anggap kejadian konsentrasi yang sangat ekstrim terjadi sangat jarang pada setiap waktu simulasi. Beban emisi per tahun yang dihasilkan oleh PLTU menyebabkan biaya tanggung jawab sebesar Rp. 5.766.491.487,23 sebagai biaya pengganti udara yang tercemar dan Rp. 12.060.026.700 untuk pergantian nilai ekonomi change of productivity, sedangkan untuk nilai ekonomi prevention cost untuk menanggulangi penurunan produktivitas tanaman sebesar Rp. 592.703.800 sehingga nilai TEV yang terhasilkan sebesar Rp. 18.419.221.987,23 / Tahun. Kata kunci: AERMOD, Gaussian, Pemodelan Dispersi, Valuasi Ekonomi Abstract : In its operational activities coal-fired power station produces pollutants derived from the exhaust gases the results of combustion industrial activity , the combustion of fuel of transport operating and a pile of stones coals that blew by the wind. The results of the model showed the state of the air ambient around the location research happened instances where concentration pollutants be huge exceeds of quality standard, CO in the period annual with time running 1 hour reached 91.489,31 ug/m3, 24 hours reached 7.380,355 ug/m3 and annual of 2.580,604 ug/m3, concentration of NOx to the simulation time 1 hour, 24 hours and annual of 67.276,63 ug/m3, 4.373,796 ug/m3 and 183,1157 ug/m3. Concentration SO2 on the site of research reached 32.840,63 ug/m3 for 1 hou, 2.089,144 ug/m3 for 24 hours and 51.887 ug/m3 to the simulation time annual, while concentration the TSP that happens to 24 hour is 937,7436 ug/m3 and 43.4765 ug/m3 for the simulation time annual. Compared to the number of occurrences in any the simulation time , the condition of concentration exceeds of quality standard for the simulations 1 hour and 24 hours of no at 0.1% of the overall data, can be consider scene concentration very extreme happen very rarely in every the simulation time. Burden emission per year produced by coal-fired power to cause the cost responsibility Rp. 5.766.491.487,23 as a charge a substitute for air tainted and Rp. 12.060.026.700 to the economic value change of productivity, while for economic value prevention cost to address the decline in productivity plants Rp. 592.703.800 so that the TEV is Rp. 18.419.221.987,23 / year Key words: AERMOD, Dispersion model, Economic valuation, Gaussian

ANALISIS POLA VARIABILITAS OZON STRATOSFER DAN BAHAN PERUSAK OZON SERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP INDEKS UV DI WILAYAH INDONESIA TERKAIT PROTOKOL MONTREAL Wulandari, Riris Ayu; Dewi, Kania
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol 24, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstrak: Ozon pada lapisan stratosfer berperan sebagai pelindung dari radiasi ultraviolet. Penggunaan bahan perusak ozon (BPO) pada kegiatan manusia membuat berkurangnya konsentrasi ozon stratosfer. Adanya Protokol Montreal dapat mengontrol produksi dan konsumsi BPO. Meskipun demikian, beberapa penelitian menyatakan bahwa konsentrasi ozon stratosfer masih belum meningkat. Konsentrasi BPO yang berada di lapisan stratosfer (berupa BrO dan ClO) perlu diamati secara temporal dan spasial dengan menggunakan data satelit (sensor Microwave Limb Sounders (MLS) satelit Aura) sehingga ruang lingkup pengamatannya dapat lebih lama dan lebih luas. Lebih lanjut, konsentrasi ozon stratosfer yang rendah dapat mengakibatkan tingginya indeks UV (UVI). Penelitian ini difokuskan untuk wilayah Indonesia dari tanggal 1 Januari 2005 hingga 31 Januari 2017, dengan melakukan perhitungan korelasi antara BPO dan ozon stratosfer. Dari pembuatan profil vertikal, didapat bahwa konsentrasi ozon maksimum berada di ketinggian 10 hPa (31 km), konsentrasi BrO maksimum pada 31,6 hPa (24 km), dan konsentrasi ClO maksimum pada 2,1 hPa (42 km). Korelasi antara ozon dan BrO paling kuat (-0,58) berada pada ketinggian 6,8 hPa atau 33,5 km. Sementara itu, korelasi antara ozon dan ClO yang paling kuat (-0,43) berada pada ketinggian 4,6 hPa atau 36 km. Kaitan antara UVI dan ozon stratosfer dengan nilai korelasi negatif terbesar (-0,5987) berada pada ketinggian 1 hPa atau 47,7 km. Sementara itu, pengurangan jumlah ozon total di atmosfer cukup mempengaruhi UVI dengan korelasi negatif sebesar -0,25. Kata kunci: ozon stratosfer, BPO, indeks UV, MLS/Aura Abstract: Ozone in the stratospheric layer acts as a protector of ultraviolet radiation. The use of ozone- depleting substances (ODS) in human activities has reduced the concentration of stratospheric ozone. The existence of the Montreal Protocol can control ODS production and consumption. Nonetheless, several studies suggest that stratospheric ozone concentration has not increased. ODS concentrations in the stratosphere layer (in the form of BrO and ClO) need to be observed temporally and spatially using satellite data (Microwave Limb Sounders (MLS) Aura satellite sensor) so that the scope of observation can be longer and wider. Low stratospheric ozone concentrations can result in a high UV (UVI) index. This study focused on Indonesia from January 1, 2005 to January 31, 2017, by calculating the correlation between ODS and stratospheric ozone. From the vertical profile, it was found that the maximum ozone concentration was at 10 hPa (31 km), maximum BrO concentration at 31.6 hPa (24 km), and maximum ClO concentration at 2.1 hPa (42 km). The strongest correlation between ozone and BrO (-0.58) occur at 6.8 hPa or 33.5 km. Meanwhile, the strongest correlation between ozone and ClO (-0.43) occur at 4.6 hPa or 36 km. The greatest negative correlation between UVI and stratospheric ozone (-0.5987) occurred at 1 hPa or 47.7 km. Meanwhile, the reduction in total ozone in the atmosphere affected increasing of UVI with a negative correlation of -0.25. Keywords: stratospheric ozone, ODS, UV index, MLS/Aura

Development of Green Pavement for Reducing Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) in the Ambient Air Kania Dewi; Hafizhul Khair; Moh. Irsyad
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 48 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2016.48.2.3

The transportation sector is the biggest contributor to air pollution in Indonesia, especially in metropolitan cities. Gases such as oxides of nitrogen (NOx) are produced during the combustion of fossil fuels in the internal combustion of vehicle engines. Oxides of nitrogen such as nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are important air pollutants, because they cause significant harm to human health and play an important role in being precursors of other dangerous pollutants such as photochemical smog. One of the simple ways to reduce NOx concentrations is utilizing a catalytic process involving UV light and semiconductor particles such as TiO2. Illuminated TiO2 UV light is capable of producing an electron (e-) and hole (h-) pair, which initiates a chemical reaction that alters the NOx to become NO3- or NO2-. A field scale paving block reactor coated with TiO2 placed by the roadside was exposed to UV light using various exposure times. The results showed that the sample with a composition of 200 g/m2 TiO2 was capable of adsorbing NOx gas at an average rate of 0.0046 mg/m2/minute. Additional costs due to TiO2 coating for every square meter of paving are IDR 13,180.

Pemanfaatan Titanium Dioxide pada Trotoar untuk Mengurangi Gas Pencemar NOx di Udara Hafizhul Khair; Kania Dewi; Moh Irsyad
Jurnal Dampak Vol 13, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/dampak.13.1.35-43.2016

The transportation is one of the largest contributor to air pollution in Indonesia, especially in large cities. Fuel gases from combustion in motor vehicles, such as oxides of nitrogen (NOx) will be emitted to the ambient air. Increasing the concentration of NOx in ambient air can be bad for human health, especially with regard to upper respiratory tract disease. Therefore, the development of methods which are environmentally friendly for controlling air pollution remains to be done. One simple way to reduce air pollution is utilizing a cheap process, namely sunlight and effect of catalyst of TiO2, to control the NO and NO2. This method requires no additional energy in addition to ultraviolet rays coming from the Sun. Paving-coated TiO2 ambient air set out in 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours and 24 hours. Nitrate and nitrite ions are formed by photocatalytic on the surface of the paving is dissolved with the aquades which is then measured by ion chromatography. The experimental results showed that the composition of TiO2 200 g/m2 of paving is able to adsorp NOx gas at an average rate of 0.0046 mg/m2/minutes, elevated concentrations of HNO3- along with the duration of exposure. Additional costs for every square meter paving is Rp. 13180. Keywords: Photocatalytic, nitrate ion, nitric ion, nitrogen oxides (NOx), titanium dioxide (TiO2), pavingABSTRAKSektor transportasi merupakan salah satu penyumbang pencemaran udara terbesar di Indonesia, terutama di kota-kota besar. Gas-gas hasil pembakaran bahan bakar kendaraan bermotor seperti oksida nitrogen (NOx) akan diemisikan ke udara ambien. Meningkatnya konsentrasi NOx di udara ambien dapat berdampak buruk bagi kesehatan manusia terutama berkaitan dengan penyakit saluran pernafasan bagian atas. Karena itu, pengembangan metode-metode yang ramah lingkungan untuk mengendalikan pencemaran udara harus dilakukan. Salah satu cara sederhana menurunkan pencemaran udara adalah memanfaatkan proses yang murah, yaitu sinar matahari dan efek katalis dari TiO2, untuk mengendalikan NO dan NO2. Metode ini tidak memerlukan energi tambahan selain sinar ultraviolet yang berasal dari matahari. Paving block berlapis TiO2 dipaparkan di udara ambient dalam waktu 6 jam, 12 jam, 18 jam dan 24 jam. Ion nitrat dan nitrit yang terbentuk akibat proses fotokatalitik di permukaan paving dilarutkan dengan aquades yang kemudian diukur dengan ion chromatografi. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa dengan tambahan TiO2 sebanyak 200 gram untuk setiap meter persegi paving mampu mengadsorpsi gas NOx dengan laju adsorpsi rata-rata sebesar 0,0046 mg/m2/menit, peningkatan konsentrasi HNO3- seiring dengan lamanya proses pemaparan di lapangan. Biaya tambahan untuk setiap meter persegi paving block yaitu Rp. 13180.Kata kunci: fotokatalitik, ion nitrat, ion nitrit, oksida nitrogen (NOx), titanium dioksida (TiO2), paving block

HYDROTHERMAL CARBONIZATION OF BIOMASS WASTE BY USING A STIRRED REACTOR: AN INITIAL EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS Herlian Eriska; Kania Dewi; Ari Darmawan Pasek; Enri Damanhuri
Reaktor Volume 16 No.4 Desember 2016
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a thermochemical process used to convert wet biomass waste become a coal-like material with higher carbon content called hydrochar. In this study, design and performance test of hydrothermal carbonization prototype reactor is done. Stirred reactor was made of stainless steel 304 with volume of 1 Liter and electric heater as a heating mantle. The HTC reactor was utilized to perform the carbonization of three materials (paper, left-rice, and woodchip) as substrates, in order to study the influence of the temperature conditions on the hydrochar produced. The substrates represent major component in municpal solid waste (MSW). The study showed that chemical and physical properties of several feedstock and hydrochar varied as a function of reaction temperature. HTC is operated in batch at temperatures of 160°, 190° and 220oC, 60 min of reaction time, and 1 MPa initial pressure of nitrogen gas. Three of product were collected from the process with primary material balance. Results showed the products change as the temperature increased. The results suggested that hydrothermal treatment of biomass waste to solid fuel gave high heating value (HHV) with value of 5231.3, 4569.5, and 5422.7 kcal/kg for paper, left-rice, and woodchip respectively after product dried naturally.

INVENTARISASI STATUS KEANEKARAGAMAN HAYATI SEBAGAI BASELINE UPAYA PERLINDUNGAN KEANEKARAGAMAN HAYATI DALAM PENILAIAN PROPER (Studi Kasus: Hutan Kota Telagasari, Kota Balikpapan) Filson Maratur Sidjabat; Kania Dewi; Deri Ramdhani
Journal of Environmental Engineering and Waste Management Vol 2, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : President University

Environmental Management effort in conservation will be required to diverse natural resources value, and as a form of favouring the sustainability of biological natural resources and its ecosystem utilization in City Forest of Telagasari (HKTs). HKTs have been designated as a green open space and it is developed as a protected area and education center of biodiversity in Balikpapan City. Data collection was done by direct observation method on terrestrial fauna and flora. There are 133 kind of flora in HKTs (11 flora are protected by IUCN and 14 flora are protected by PP RI in SK/54/Pertanian/1972) with a Shannon-Wiener Index (H’) 3.04 for ‘semai’ category, 3.02 for ‘pancang’, 3.02 for ‘tiang’, and 1.86 for ‘pohon’ category. The numbers of avifauna that had been recorded in city forest of Telagasari are 35 species (7 has important protection status), with a Shannon-Wiener Index (H’) of 2.762. The numbers of mammals that had been recorded in city forest of Telagasari are 7 species and 21 individuals, with H’ mammals of 1.5. This inventory data and information can be used to support the conservation, as an environmental management effort. The baseline of biodiversity and conservation status in HKTs Balikpapan will be measured as a key parameter for the implementation of biodiversity protection program. The strategic planning and program that are proposed for next fifth year for HKTs may give a positif impact for biodiversity and conservation in HKTs.

Title

Found 17 Documents
Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title Search

Found 17 Documents Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title

Found 17 Documents
Search