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All Journal SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture
Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Education

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Relationship between soil chemical properties and rice yield under multiple stresses in the coastal agricultural land of Pangandaran, Indonesia Nasrudin Nasrudin; Budiastuti Kurniasih; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra; Eko Hanudin; Elisa Azura Azman
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 22, No 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v22i1.98275

Abstract

Seawater intrusion causes salinity and waterlogging in the coastal agricultural land of Pangandaran, Indonesia. Both limiting factors cause a decrease in soil chemical properties. The decline in rice yield occurred due to the low soil chemical properties. The study aims to identify the soil’s chemical properties based on limiting factors and to reveal its relationship with rice productivity in the coastal agricultural land of Pangandaran. Soil sampling was conducted using a purposive sampling method, and the samples were analyzed in the laboratory. Various soil properties are grouped into three clusters using hierarchical clustering. The cluster of waterlogging high salinity has very high Na-exchangeable with EC ranging from 0.21 - 4.93 dS m-1, while the other two clusters contain high Na-exchangeable and EC ranging from 0.101 - 0.581 dS m-1. Rice productivity under waterlogging-low salinity is <1 t ha-1, no waterlogging-low salinity is 3.63 t ha-1, and waterlogging-high salinity is 2.48 t ha-1. There are negative correlations between Na-exchangeable, water depth, and duration of waterlogging to rice yield (R2= -0.33; R2= -0.58; R2= -0.90). Multiple stresses cause limiting factors, and low soil chemical properties can inhibit plant development. The presence of waterlogging-low salinity has a strong impact on decreasing rice yield. Finally, our study provides an overview of the coastal agricultural land of Pangandaran based on multiple stresses. Furthermore, improved soil properties are needed with good management techniques to make it suitable for rice cultivation.
Physiological Responses, Growth, and Yield of Soybean (Glycine max L.) Between Rows of IP-1 Oil Palm in Response to Rhizobium sp. and Bacillus spp. Inoculation Lugito Lugito; Dyah Weny Respatie; Muhammad Nazmin Yaapar; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 40, No 2 (2025): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v40i2.95053

Abstract

The Indonesian population has not yet met the high demand for soybeans by domestic production. Researchers aim to increase soybean (Glycine max L.) production and optimize land use through intercropping with oil palm during the immature plant phase 1 (IP-1). This study evaluated the effectiveness of Rhizobium sp. and Bacillus spp. inoculation in enhancing the growth and yield capacity (physiological activity, growth, and productivity) of soybeans planted between rows of IP-1 oil palms at PT Perkebunan Nusantara (PTPN) IV, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatera. The field study employed a factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two factors and four blocks as replicates. Data from the experiments were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), least significant difference (LSD) testing at a 5% significance level, Spearman correlation, and structural equation modeling (SEM). The results showed an interaction effect between Rhizobium sp. and Bacillus spp. inoculation on the treatment variables of plant height, number of leaves, total dry weight, nutrient uptake (N, P, and K), IAA and GA3 hormones, total Bacillus in soil, total Bacillus in roots, pod dry weight, and yield. In treatment without Rhizobium sp., soybean plants inoculated with Bacillus spp. showed a significant contribution to all treatment variables. However, in soybean plants inoculated with Rhizobium sp., the addition of Bacillus spp. did not significantly affect the physiological activity, growth, and yield of soybeans. The performance of Bacillus spp. in boosting the physiological capacity and development of soybeans slowed down in the presence of Rhizobium sp. This indicated a potential antagonistic relationship between Bacillus spp. and Rhizobium sp.
Typology of Cocoa Seedlings Derived from Orthotropic and Plagiotropic Cuttings Compared with Grafting and Hybrid Seeds Teguh Iman Santoso; Endang Sulistyaningsih; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra; Agung Wahyu Susilo
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 40, No 2 (2025): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v40i2.93300

Abstract

Cocoa derived from cuttings is expected to overcome the limitations of grafting and hybrid seed propagation. This study aimed to determine the typology of cocoa seedlings derived from cutting, grafting, and hybrid seeds and the similarity among propagations, and assess the biochemical content of budwood cuttings and its relationship with the success rate. This research was conducted at the greenhouse of the Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute, East Java, from April to December 2022 by adopting a completely randomized design. A single-factor experiment was performed on propagation methods, namely hybrid seed (HS), orthotropic cutting (OC), plagiotropic cutting (PC), orthotropic grafting (OG), and plagiotropic grafting (PG). The growth characteristics, anatomical characteristics, and biochemical contents of cuttings were observed. Results showed that compared with PC, OC generated a larger root pith diameter that played a role in the improved growth performance. The leaf area, net assimilation rate, and relative growth rate in OC were similar to those in HS. The time to produce OC was similar to PG to meet the minimum standard requirements of ready-to-plant seedlings. However, the root volume, area, and length in OC were below those in HS and still needed to be improved. The cuttings derived from the budwood garden had higher sucrose contents than those from the production garden. Therefore, obtaining OC and PC samples from a budwood garden is recommended to achieve a high success rate.
Co-Authors Agung Wahyu Susilo Budiastuti Kurniasih Dyah Weny Respatie Eko Hanudin Elisa Azura Azman Endang Sulistyaningsih Lugito Lugito Muhammad Nazmin Yaapar Muhammad Parikesit Wisnubroto Nasrudin Nasrudin Radinal Arief Sinaga Ranggi Sumanjaya Purba Siti Nurul Rofiqo Irwan Teguh Iman Santoso Wiski Irawan