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All Journal Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology Teknologi Indonesia Ketenagalistrikan dan Energi Terbarukan Makara Journal of Technology
Sabar Pangihutan Simanungkalit
Pusat Penelitian Kimia Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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HYDROTHERMAL LIQUEFACTION OF BLACK LIQUOR INTO PLATFORM CHEMICALS Mansur, Dieni; Simanungkalit, Sabar Pangihutan; Rinaldi, Nino; Abimanyu, Haznan
Teknologi Indonesia Vol 39, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (16.054 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jti.v39i1.245

Abstract

Currently, much attention is devoted to produce bioethanol based on lignocellulosic materials for alternativefuels. Production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic generates black liquor as a waste during the pretreatmentprocess. The black liquor has a potential to produce platform chemicals. Conversion of black liquor into platformchemicals was carried out by hydrothermal liquefaction by involving water as reaction medium at 200275 C.Through the hydrothermal process combined with water at high temperature, catalytic role could be taken over bysodium sulfate. Increase in temperature up to 275C, activity of water combined with sodium sulfate also increasedin decomposition of block chemicals containing in the black liquor. The black liquor was converted into oxygenatedcompounds, such asphenol, propylene oxide, butyrolactone, and quaiacol. The chemicals were recovered as23, 16, 11 and 8 mol%, respectively.
SIMULASI NUMERIK PROSES GASIFIKASI LIMBAH TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT Simanungkalit, Sabar Pangihutan
Ketenagalistrikan dan Energi Terbarukan Vol 12, No 1 (2013): KETENAGALISTRIKAN DAN ENERGI TERBARUKAN
Publisher : P3TKEBTKE

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Abstract

Salah satu metoda pengolahan biomassa seperti limbah TKKS (tandan kosong kelapa sawit) menjadi bio energi adalah dengan proses gasifikasi. Gasifikasi biomassa merupakan sebuah proses thermo chemical yang sangat kompleks karena melibatkan reaksi-reaksi kimia elementer sehingga akurasi desain dan studi awal secara komputasi sangat diperlukan untuk merekayasa reaktor gasifikasi. Dalam penelitian ini telah dilakukan studi komputasi proses gasifikasi (throat downdraft gasifier) untuk melihat potensi limbah tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) berbentuk serat (fiber) sebagai bahan umpan dalam proses gasifikasi serta untuk mendapatkan akurasi dan optimalisasi desain reaktor gasifikasi. Studi komputasi menggunakan perangkat lunak Gambit 2.3.16 untuk proses meshing dan CFD FLUENT 6.3.26 untuk solver dan post processor. Laju massa bahan umpan limbah TKKS dalam simulasi = 10 kg/jam dengan equivalence ratio = 0.25 (media oksidasi: udara). Dari hasil simulasi diperoleh volume combustible gas CO = 15.80%, H2 = 4.27% dan CH4 = 0.19% dengan efisiensi gasifikasi sebesar 48.22% serta daya output = 20.39kW. One of methods for processing biomass like PEFB (palm empty fruit bunch) waste into bio energy is the gasification process. Biomass gasification is a complex thermo-chemical process because it involves elementary chemical reactions so that the accuracy of design and initial study by computational very necessary for engineering of gasification reactor. In this study has been carried out computational analysis for gasification process (throat downdraft gasifier) to see the potential of PEFB waste (fiber shape) as a feedstock in the gasification process as well as to obtain accuracy and optimization of the gasification reactor design. Computational studies using Gambit 2.3.16 software for the meshing and CFD FLUENT 6.3.26 for solver and post processor. Mass flow of feedstock PEFB in simulation = 10 kg/h with equivalence ratio = 0.25 (oxidized by air). The simulation shows the volume of combustible gas CO = 15.80%, H2 =4.27% and CH4 = 0.19% with gasification efficiency of 48.22% and power output = 20.39kW.
Experimental Investigation of 2nd Generation Bioethanol Derived from Empty-fruit-bunch (EFB) of Oil-palm on Performance and Exhaust Emission of SI Engine Putrasari, Yanuandri; Abimanyu, Haznan; Praptijanto, Achmad; Nur, Arifin; Irawan, Yan; Simanungkalit, Sabar Pangihutan
Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power and Vehicular Technology Vol 5, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Research Centre for Electrical Power and Mechatronics, Indonesian Istitutes of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/j.mev.2014.v5.9-16

Abstract

The experimental investigation of 2nd generation bioethanol derived from EFB of oil-palm blended with gasoline for 10, 20, 25% by volume and pure gasoline were conducted on performance and exhaust emission tests of SI engine. A four stroke, four cylinders, programmed fuel injection (PGMFI), 16 valves variable valve timing and electronic lift control (VTEC), single overhead camshaft (SOHC), and 1,497 cm3 SI engine (Honda/L15A) was used in this investigation. Engine performance test was carried out for brake torque, power, and fuel consumption. The exhaust emission was analyzed for carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC). The engine was operated on speed range from1,500 until 4,500 rev/min with 85% throttle opening position. The results showed that the highest brake torque of bioethanol blends achieved by 10% bioethanol content at 3,000 to 4,500 rpm, the brake power was greater than pure gasoline at 3,500 to 4,500 rpm for 10% bioethanol, and bioethanol-gasoline blends of 10 and 20% resulted greater bsfc than pure gasoline at low speed from 1,500 to 3,500 rpm. The trend of CO and HC emissions tended to decrease when the engine speed increased.
Modification of Flow Structure Over a Van Model By Suction Flow Control to Reduce Aerodynamics Drag Harinaldi, Harinaldi; Budiarso, Budiarso; Warjito, Warjito; Kosasih, Engkos Achmad; Tarakka, Rustan; Simanungkalit, Sabar Pangihutan; Lay Teryanto, I Gusti Made Fredy
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 16, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Automobile aerodynamic studies are typically undertaken to improve safety and increase fuel efficiency as well as to find new innovation in automobile technology to deal with the problem of energy crisis and global warming. Some car companies have the objective to develop control solutions that enable to reduce the aerodynamic drag of vehicle and significant modification progress is still possible by reducing the mass, rolling friction or aerodynamic drag. Some flow control method provides the possibility to modify the flow separation to reduce the development of the swirling structures around the vehicle. In this study, a family van is modeled with a modified form of Ahmed's body by changing the orientation of the flow from its original form (modified/reversed Ahmed body). This model is equipped with a suction on the rear side to comprehensively examine the pressure field modifications that occur. The investigation combines computational and experimental work. Computational approach used a commercial software with standard kepsilon flow turbulence model, and the objectives was to determine the characteristics of the flow field and aerodynamic drag reduction that occurred in the test model. Experimental approach used load cell in order to validate the aerodynamic drag reduction obtained by computational approach. The results show that the application of a suction in the rear part of the van model give the effect of reducing the wake and the vortex formation. Futhermore, aerodynamic drag reduction close to 13.86% for the computational approach and 16.32% for the experimental have been obtained.
Co-Authors Achmad Praptijanto Arifin Nur Budiarso Budiarso, Budiarso Dieni Mansur Engkos Achmad Kosasih Harinaldi . Haznan Abimanyu Lay Teryanto, I Gusti Made Fredy Nino Rinaldi Rustan Tarakka Warjito Warjito, Warjito Yan Irawan Yanuandri Putrasari