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All Journal JEJAK Forum Agribisnis Jurnal Agro Ekonomi
Bonar Marulitua Sinaga
Program Studi Ekonomi Pertanian, Fakultas Ekonomi Dan Manajemen, Institut Pertanian Bogor
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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PRICE TRANSMISSION OF SKIM MILK POWDER IN INDONESIA: DO SKIM MILK POWDER IMPORT PRICES FOLLOW THE PRICES IN NEW ZEALAND? Nurunisa, Venty Fitriany; Sinaga, Bonar Marulitua; Winandi, Ratna; Brummer, Bernhard
Forum Agribisnis Vol 4, No 2 (2014): FA Vol 4 No 2 September 2014
Publisher : Forum Agribisnis

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The objectives of this research are i) to examine New Zealands dairy sector and ii) to analyze the market integration and price transmission of Skim Milk Powder (SMP) of New Zealand and Indonesian market. The methods used are Augmented Dickey Fuller test, Johansen Cointegration test, and Vector Error Correction Model. The result indicates: 1) as trade partner, New Zealand is powerful due to its status as the largest dairy producer worldwide; therefore, Indonesia has less bargaining power and 2) The SMP market of both countries are integrated. The coefficient of long run equation variable indicates that every 10 percent changes of one market, the imported SMP price will adjust 10.97 percent, while the exported SMP price will adjust 9.12 percent. The loading vector coefficient indicates that Indonesia is the only party adjusting to long run disequilibrium. Policies to minimize the risks includes: i) buffer budget, ii) alternative suppliers and iii) futures trade.
Impacts of Government and Household Expenditure on Human Development Index Sulistyowati, Niken; Sinaga, Bonar Marulitua; Novindra, Novindra
JEJAK: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Vol 10, No 2 (2017): September 2017
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jejak.v10i2.11305

Abstract

The objective of this reseach are to: (1) analyze the factors affecting human development index and household expenditures for health, education and others, (2) predict the impacts of government expenditure policy in the field of education, health, and infrastructure on human development index in Central Java.  The model was built using econometric approach in the form of a system of simultaneous equations, including five blocks i.e. government's revenue, expenditures, input, output, and performance. The system of simultaneous equations consisted of 26 equations (19 structural equations and 7 identity equations). The estimation method used Two Stage Least Squares with SYSLIN procedure. Prediction simulation used the stepwise Autoregressive method. The model simulation used Newton's method and SIMNLIN procedure. The results of policy simulation concludes that the combination of the increase in government expenditure for education and infrastructure lead to better performance in increasing income per capita, disposable income and HDI compared to the combination of the policy of the increase in government expenditure for education and in both municipalities and district, but municipalities receive greatest impact compared to the district.
Dampak Kebijakan Perdagangan terhadap Pengembangan Industri Biodiesel Indonesia Purba, Helena Juliani; Sinaga, Bonar Marulitua; Novianti, Tanti; Kustiari, Reni
Jurnal Agro Ekonomi Vol 36, No 1 (2018): Jurnal Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (664.961 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jae.v36n1.2018.1-24

Abstract

EnglishIndonesian government has been promoting development of palm oil based biodiesel industry through the so-called biodiesel mandatory policy. Biodiesel is a renewable energy and low emission. Palm oil and its derivative products are the most important contributors of foreign exchange in 2017. Trade policy is required to accelerate the achievement of biodiesel industry development in Indonesia. The study is intended to analyze the impacts of trade policy (export tax by Indonesian government and import restriction by the European Union) on the development of Indonesia’s biodiesel industry. The analysis used econometrics model in the form of simultaneous equations system consisting of 27 structural and 9 identity equations, estimated using the 2SLS (Two Stage Least Squares) method. This research used annual time series data 1991–2015. The result shows that both the export tax policy by Indonesian government and palm oil import ban by European Union have positive impacts on Indonesia's biodiesel industry but do have negative impacts on the foreign exchange revenues. The negative impacts on foreign exchange revenues can be avoided by replanting policy. Whenever the European Union imposes palm oil import ban policy; then, it is suggested that Indonesian government imposes the domestic market obligation and replanting policy. IndonesianIndonesia sedang melakukan upaya pengembangan biodiesel yang bersumber dari minyak sawit dalam kebijakan mandatori biodiesel. Biodiesel adalah sumber energi terbarukan dan rendah emisi. Minyak sawit dan produk turunannya adalah penyumbang devisa negara terbesar pada tahun 2017. Kebijakan perdagangan diperlukan untuk mempercepat pencapaian pengembangan industri biodiesel Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak kebijakan perdagangan (pajak ekspor oleh pemerintah Indonesia dan pembatasan impor oleh Uni Eropa) terhadap pengembangan industri biodiesel Indonesia. Analisis menggunakan model ekonometrik dalam bentuk sistem persamaan simultan terdiri dari 27 persamaan struktural dan 9 persamaan identitas yang diestimasi dengan metode Two Stage Least Squares (2SLS) menggunakan data series tahunan 1990–2015. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa kebijakan pajak ekspor oleh pemerintah Indonesia maupun larangan impor oleh Uni Eropa berdampak positif bagi perkembangan industri biodiesel Indonesia, namun berdampak negatif terhadap penerimaan devisa Indonesia. Dampak negatif terhadap penerimaan devisa dapat diatasi dengan kebijakan peremajaan kelapa sawit (replanting). Manakala Uni Eropa melakukan pelarangan impor minyak sawit, maka disarankan Pemerintah Indonesia menerapkan kebijakan domestic market obligation dan replanting.
DAMPAK ALOKASI BANTUAN MODAL DAN TENAGA KERJA KELUARGA TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN RUMAH TANGGA PETANI DI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR Sinaga, Bonar Marulitua; Hartoyo, Sri; Simatupang, Pantjar; Fallo, Ferdy Adif I.
Jurnal Agro Ekonomi Vol 36, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (765.15 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jae.v36n2.2018.113-134

Abstract

English East Nusa Tenggara is the province with the highest poverty prevalence in Indonesia. One of the government's efforts to overcome poverty in the area is the capital assistance program for farm households. This research aimed to analyze the impacts of capital support and household labor allocation on the welfare of farm households in East Nusa Tenggara. The survey for data collection was conducted from in South Central Timor and Kupang Regencies of East Nusa Tenggara Province February to July 2017 with samples of 118 farmer households. Data analysis was conducted by developing an econometric simulation model based on farm-household economic theory. The results showed that increasing capital aid allocation for livestock business decreased the welfare, but increasing investment for livestock business, allocation of capital support for nonfarm business, and allocation of family labor for nonfarm business in single case had an impact on improving the welfare of farmer's household. The best combination consisted of increasing investment for livestock business, allocation of capital support for nonfarm business, and family labor allocation for nonfarm business. Increasing the allocation of family labor for nonfarm business is an important policy because it singly or in combination had an impact on improving the welfare of farm households.IndonesianNusa Tenggara Timur merupakan provinsi dengan prevalensi kemiskinan tertinggi di Indonesia. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan pemerintah untuk mengatasi kemiskinan di daerah tersebut adalah program bantuan modal kepada rumah tangga petani. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak alokasi bantuan modal dan tenaga kerja rumah tangga terhadap kesejahteraan rumah tangga petani. Survei pengumpulan data dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan dan Kupang Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur pada bulan Februari hingga Juli 2017 dengan sampel sebanyak 118 rumah tangga petani. Analisis dilakukan dengan membangun model simulasi ekonometrik berbasis teori ekonomi rumah tangga petani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan alokasi bantuan modal untuk usaha ternak menurunkan kesejahteraan, namun peningkatan investasi untuk usaha ternak, alokasi bantuan modal untuk usaha non pertanian, dan alokasi tenaga kerja keluarga untuk usaha non pertanian secara tunggal berdampak meningkatkan kesejahteraan rumah tangga petani. Kombinasi terbaik ialah kombinasi peningkatan investasi untuk usaha ternak, alokasi bantuan modal untuk usaha nonpertanian, dan alokasi tenaga kerja keluarga untuk usaha nonpertanian. Peningkatan alokasi tenaga kerja keluarga untuk usaha nonpertanian merupakan kebijakan yang cukup penting karena secara tunggal maupun kombinasi berdampak meningkatkan kesejahteraan rumah tangga petani.
Co-Authors Bernhard Brummer Ferdy Adif I. Fallo Hartoyo Hartoyo Kustiari, Reni novindra . Pantjar Simatupang Purba, Helena Juliani Ratna Winandi Sulistyowati, Niken Tanti Novianti Venty Fitriany Nurunisa