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PEMURNIAN GARAM KROSOK (NaCl) DENGAN PENAMBAHAN (NH4)2CO3-NaOH DAN PAC SEBAGAI BAHAN PENGIKAT IMPURITIES SERTA REKRISTALISASI MODEL SPRAY Solihat, Nissa Nurfajrin; A. Prasetya, Ssi. MSc., Nor Basid; , M.Si., Drs. Gunawan
Chem Info Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Chem Info Journal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Garam merupakan kebutuhan pokok manusia yang sampai saat ini belum ada substitusinya. Negara Indonesia masih harus mengimpor garam khususnya untuk keperluan industri karena rendahnya produksi garam yang dihasilkan oleh petani garam dan tidak ada hamparan lahan luas di kawasan pesisir pantai untuk dijadikan ladang garam berskala besar. Oleh karena itu diperlukan cara untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memurnikan garam NaCl hasil petani garam agar sesuai dengan standar SNI dan SII untuk industri dengan biaya produksi yang rendah dengan menentukan volume optimum penambahan (NH4)2CO3 dan pengaruh PAC (Poli Alumunium Klorida) terhadap pemurnian garam. Metode yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini dengan cara menambahkan (NH4)2CO3 sebagai bahan pengikat impurities dengan variasi volume 0,8; 1,6; 2,4; 3,2; 4,0 mL lalu flokulan PAC serta penambahan NaOH yang dapat mengendapkan ion pengotor pada garam yaitu ion Ca2+ dan Mg2+, kemudian dilakukan modifikasi rekristalisasi dengan penguapan yaitu dengan model spray. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh kadar NaCl sesuai dengan standar SII dan SNI yaitu kadar air 2,11%; NaCl dengan kemurnian 98,93%; Ca2+ 0,01%; dan Mg2+ 0,09% pada penambahan (NH4)2CO3 20% sebanyak 3,2 mL dan PAC 10 ppm sebanyak 3 mL terhadap 200 mL larutan garam jenuh.

NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC ANTIMICROBIALS AGENT FOR TEXTILE: A REVIEW Try Purwanti; Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat; Widya Fatriasari; Deded Sarip Nawaw
Jurnal Industri Hasil Perkebunan Vol 16, No 2 (2021): Jurnal Industri Hasil Perkebunan
Publisher : BBSPJI Hasil Perkebunan, Mineral Logam, dan Maritim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33104/jihp.v16i2.7081

Raising public health awareness of personal hygiene, particularly in the context of the Covid-19 situation, has increased the research on antimicrobial textiles, not only for medical devices but also for daily wear. Textiles, particularly natural-based fibers, have a large surface area that can retain moisture for microorganism growth, resulting in a pathogenic effect on the user. As a result of the high demand for natural-based textiles, various approaches to applying antimicrobial agents to natural fabrics have been investigated. Any antimicrobial treatments used in textiles must be human-safe, effective against pathogenic microbial, and resistant to non-pathogenic microbial in skin. Antimicrobial agents are classified into two types: natural and synthetic. Both types have certain advantage and disadvantage, but they have the same crucial parameters such as antimicrobial agent concentration, bacterium species, and finishing procedures to improve durability and efficacy. This paper discusses the use of natural and synthetic antimicrobial agents on natural fiber, with natural antimicrobials including lignin, chitosan, and tannin, and synthetic antimicrobials including metal, organic, and inorganic compounds. The application method of them on fabrics is also presented.

Application of LC-MS/MS Coupled with Various Digestion Methods for the Identification of Porcine Gelatin Markers in Confectionery Matrices Dewi, Kifayati Rosiyanti; Kusnandar, Feri; Yuliana, Nancy Dewi; Ismayati, Maya; Solihat, Nissa Nurfajrin; Riantana, Handy; Heryani, Heryani
Indonesian Journal of Halal Research Vol 5, No 2 (2023): August
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/ijhar.v5i2.21191

Gelatin is a high-risk ingredient in terms of its halal status. Liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to identify the source of gelatin based on marker peptides and proved to deliver higher reliability than other methods. However, the digestion method is essential before LC-MS/MS analysis. This research evaluated different digestion methods against selected porcine gelatin marker peptides and assessed LC-MS/MS sensitivity through adulteration experiments in various mixed matrices. The study involved three digestion methods (conventional, microwave, and ultrasound) before LC-MS/MS analysis to determine the most effective method for detecting marker peptide targets from porcine gelatin. The appropriate method was applied to isolate porcine gelatin peptides in the matrices of bovine gelatin and confectionery products (lozenges, marshmallows, and soft candy) at concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, and 1% (w/w). Relative detection limit values were determined. The results showed that conventional digestion treatment yielded a higher marker peptide detection rate than microwave and ultrasound digestion. Meanwhile, the detection limit of porcine gelatin in bovine gelatin ranged from 0.09 to 0.89%, depending on the marker peptide used, and could be significantly detected at a concentration of 1% in the confectionery product. The marker peptide TGQPGAVGPAGIR exhibited the highest stability, as it was detectable at the lowest concentration across all mixed matrices. The LC-MS/MS method has been proven to afford sensitive results and has the potential to serve as an alternative for detection of halal status.

Application of LC-MS/MS Coupled with Various Digestion Methods for the Identification of Porcine Gelatin Markers in Confectionery Matrices Dewi, Kifayati Rosiyanti; Kusnandar, Feri; Yuliana, Nancy Dewi; Ismayati, Maya; Solihat, Nissa Nurfajrin; Riantana, Handy; Heryani, Heryani
Indonesian Journal of Halal Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): August
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/ijhar.v5i2.21191

Gelatin is a high-risk ingredient in terms of its halal status. Liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to identify the source of gelatin based on marker peptides and proved to deliver higher reliability than other methods. However, the digestion method is essential before LC-MS/MS analysis. This research evaluated different digestion methods against selected porcine gelatin marker peptides and assessed LC-MS/MS sensitivity through adulteration experiments in various mixed matrices. The study involved three digestion methods (conventional, microwave, and ultrasound) before LC-MS/MS analysis to determine the most effective method for detecting marker peptide targets from porcine gelatin. The appropriate method was applied to isolate porcine gelatin peptides in the matrices of bovine gelatin and confectionery products (lozenges, marshmallows, and soft candy) at concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, and 1% (w/w). Relative detection limit values were determined. The results showed that conventional digestion treatment yielded a higher marker peptide detection rate than microwave and ultrasound digestion. Meanwhile, the detection limit of porcine gelatin in bovine gelatin ranged from 0.09 to 0.89%, depending on the marker peptide used, and could be significantly detected at a concentration of 1% in the confectionery product. The marker peptide TGQPGAVGPAGIR exhibited the highest stability, as it was detectable at the lowest concentration across all mixed matrices. The LC-MS/MS method has been proven to afford sensitive results and has the potential to serve as an alternative for detection of halal status.

Formulation of Nanoemulsion of Gotu Kola (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) Leaves Extract as Active Ingredients to Produce Antioxidant Facial Serum Fitri, Noor; Tanjungsari, Afifah Adinda; Himmi, Setiawan Khoirul; Solihat, Nissa Nurfajrin
EKSAKTA: Journal of Sciences and Data Analysis VOLUME 5, ISSUE 1, April 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/EKSAKTA.vol5.iss1.art10

Abstract: Free radicals can cause cell damage such as premature aging. To protect, ward off and stabilize free radicals, antioxidant compounds can be used. Plants that can be used as a source of antioxidants are gotu kola (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban). The aim of this research is formulating a nanoemulsion of gotu kola leaves extract as an active ingredient for producing the antioxidant serum. The steps of this research include: (1) extraction by maceration and Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE); (2) extract characterization; (3) formulation of nanoemulsion using Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) method; (4) nanoemulsion testing: stability test, antioxidant activity test, and irritation test, (5) nanoemulsion characterization which includes particle size, transmittance, pH, and viscosity. The results showed that: (1) yields of the maceration method and MAE were 14,60% and 17,54%; (2) antioxidant compounds in gotu kola leaves extract are squalene, kaempferol, asiaticoside; The IC50 of the maceration and MAE extract were 93,152 ppm and 80,365 ppm; (3) nanoemulsions were made in 3 formulas (0,1; 0,3; and 0,5 g) with fixed variables of capryol 90, tween 20, and PEG 400 (1,5; 2,5; and 1); (4) stability test showed that only F1 was stable; the IC50 value of nanoemulsion is 2604,967 ppm; and the F1 irritation test showed no erythema and edema; (5) The particle size of F1 is 166,7 nm with a transmittance value of 97.4%, a pH of 5,33, and a viscosity of 75,35 cP.

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