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A SEMIOTIC APPROACH ON INDONESIAN MEGALITHS STUDY Tular Sudarmadi
Humaniora Vol 11, No 3 (1999)
Publisher : Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Megalithic structures in Indonesia have their own unique characteristics, compared with elsewhere, because of the influences of Indian, Arabic, and European cultures, as well as local developments . They exhibit great variation in shape, size and degree of complexity. Perry (1918), Hoop (1935), Geldern (1945), Heekeren (1958) and Soejono (1984) have identified stone tables (dolmen), slabs, coffins, menhirs, enclosures (watu kandang/- watu temu gelang), statues, pits (batu dakon), paved paths, upright statues, terraced platforms, jars, seats, elliptical coffins, rectangular coffins, chamber graves, cubic coffins (waruga), vat coffins and thrones (pelinggih) . Geldern (1945, p . 149) concluded that there were two main waves of megalithic culture in Indonesia . He connected the first wave, during the Neolithic period from 2500 to 1500 BC with Austronesian speakers, who utilized the quadrangular adze . These people constructed megalithic tables, menhir, terraced platforms, pits, and seats . The second wave, during the Bronze-Iron period from 300 to 100 BC, produced slab, elliptical, cubic and rectangular coffins, chamber graves and statues. While accepting Heine- Geldern's basic hypothesis, later researchers suggested that the two main waves of megalithic culture became intermingled and developed local variations (Heekeren 1958, p . 44) .

Love Me, Love Me Not: The Florenese Struggle in the Indonesian Nation State Project of Nation Unity Tular Sudarmadi
Humaniora Vol 23, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

lndonesian nation state develops project of nation unity to share imagined past and to offer a future dream. In this process, the nation with its power and authority invents, reinvents and creates collective memory by attaching meaning to cultural heritage, both tangible -sacred artifacts, monuments, sites and landscapes- and intangible -national history, religious celebration, nation day commemoration and collective memory-. However, when this collective memory is associated with the cultural heritage of major ethnic group, it marginalizes, subordinates and denies the heritage of ethnic groups outside the core. In response to the state ignorance, the minor ethnic groups develop various ways to attach and include on the nation state project of nation unity. In this article I discuss the Florenese marginalize ethnic in lndonesian nation state struggle to be granting the status of homogeneity and belonging to the Indonesian nation state citizen.

Pengembangan Potensi Kepariwisataan Berbasis Masyarakat di Desa Pengkol, Kabupaten Sukoharjo, Jawa Tengah Tular Sudarmadi
Bakti Budaya: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Vol 1, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Cultural Sciences

Administratively, Pengkol Village is listed in Sub-district Pengkol, Nguter District, Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java. While this village is not categorized as a poor village, income earned from wet-feld rice farming and fshing in Colo dam is not sufcient to support villagers’ daily life. It is not surprising that most of the productive age population prefer to work in factory or as labor migrants in Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong and Saudi Arabia. A glimpse, of natural resources, cultural heritage and everyday life shows that Desa Pengkol can be managed as a Tourism Village Attraction. Tis article delineates the way in which Pengkol village is developed, managed, and empowered by short, middle and long community service program of the Community Based Tourism. Focusing on identifcation of tourism object attraction, this preliminary -short program- makes an eﬀort to improve, not only the economic, social, and cultural, but also the villagers day to day life welfare. Given such eﬀorts the Pengkol villagers are expected to stay during their productive age in their village as the owner and manager of tourism village attraction business. Further, they will not work as an industry worker or labor migrants.

Borobudur temple and the megalith villages of the Ngadha and Manggarai in the light of Indonesia’s tourist promotion; A legacy of colonial representation Sudarmadi, Tular
Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia Vol. 24, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

As a foreign exchange earner for the Indonesian government, the tourism industry has currently prioritized ten tourist destinations. Problematically, this promotion of the beauty and diversity of nature and ethnicty marginalizes and exoticizes a number of ethnic group and their areas. This promotion, which can be traced back to colonial times, still reflects the Dutch colonial legacy, particularly Darwinian social evolution. To clarify this situation, this article illustrates tourism promotion in the historical and socio-cultural contexts of Borobodur in Java and the megalith villages of the Ngadha and Manggarai people of Flores. It investigates the representation and articulation of colonial perceptions which influence tourist promotion programmes, and their impact on the perceptions of tourists and local residents. An examination of the formation of the Indonesian tourist industry also reveals between the Dutch colonial control of knowledge, the vision of the Indonesian government, tourists desires, and local stakeholder expectation of this promotion. It ends with an outline of the efforts of local residents in the megalithic villages in Flores to decolonize the tourism promotion narratives of the Indonesian government.

Analysis of the People's Needs for Museum Tourism as Cultural Expressions and Freedom to Learn in the Post-Pandemic Era Yuliantri, Rhoma Dwi Aria; Sudarmadi, Tular; Suwignyo, Agus
MOZAIK HUMANIORA Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): MOZAIK HUMANIORA VOL. 22 NO. 2
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mozaik.v22i2.34754

The Covid-19 pandemic has impacted people's lives, including the tourism and education sectors such as tours in museums. This study aims to answer three questions (1) How high is the priority of the community's needs for post-pandemic museum tourism? (2) What are the museum tourism needs in terms of museum facilities, cultural activities and independent learning programs? (3) What are the public opinions on the tourism program that should be developed by the museum to respond to the priority needs of museum tourism after the pandemic? This research was conducted using quantitative methods with descriptive statistical calculations. The results of the study showed that most of the respondents strongly agreed (79.13%) and agreed (18.26%) that museum visits should be based on the spirit of finding alternative places to learn and seek new knowledge. Respondents decided to visit a museum firstly due to the programs offered by the museum. Regarding museums which employed freedom to learn program, respondents agreed (53.04%) if museums promoted various activities as learning arenas based on the government programs. Respondents' expectations of post-pandemic museums lead to the concept of "museums for community.” This means that museum management and the development of cultural creations potential and economic activities by museums are welcomed with high interest if the people or community are involved. It is suggested that museum managements (1) organize cultural performance acitivities as part of the promotion for museum visits, and (2) engage with local communities in the creation and implementation of the activities.

Between Development and Politics: The Decline of the Community Service Program in Indonesian Higher Education, 1960s – 1970s Suwignyo, Agus; Sudarmadi, Tular; Wahyuni, Hermin Indah
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 34, No 2 (2024): Disaster and Disease in History
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v34i2.49331

Abstract: The 1961 official enactment of “community service” (CS) as one of the Indonesian higher education (HE) missions aimed to improve the welfare of the Indonesian society, among others, by eradicating illiteracy and poverty. However, the method for implementing CS depended heavily on the ideological orientation of the ruling political regimes. The present article examines why CS programs became marginalized in the management of Indonesian HE during the politically tumultuous years of the 1960s and 1970s. Employing a historical method and drawing upon data from university reports, newspaper articles, and government documents, this article argues that the implementation of CS programs took place asymmetrically with the nature of CS as a social mission. Political agendas of the different Indonesian governments systematically directed away the trajectories and targets of the CS program from its original mission of developing the welfare of the people. The CS programs, in practice, reflected the pragmatic political goals of the governments. Consequently, the Indonesian HE lost its transformative role in society. Abstrak: Disahkannya “pengabdian masyarakat” (PkM) pada tahun 1961 sebagai salah satu misi pendidikan tinggi (PT) Indonesia bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat Indonesia, antara lain dengan memberantas buta huruf dan kemiskinan. Namun, metode penerapan PkM sangat bergantung pada orientasi ideologi rezim politik yang berkuasa. Artikel ini mengkaji mengapa program PkM menjadi terpinggirkan dalam pengelolaan perguruan tinggi Indonesia selama tahun-tahun politik yang penuh gejolak pada tahun 1960an dan 1970an. Dengan menggunakan metode historis dan memanfaatkan data dari laporan universitas, artikel surat kabar, dan dokumen pemerintah, artikel ini berargumentasi bahwa implementasi program PkM terjadi secara asimetris dengan sifat PkM sebagai misi sosial. Agenda politik dari berbagai pemerintahan di Indonesia secara sistematis mengalihkan arah dan sasaran program PkM dari misi awalnya untuk mengembangkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Program PkM pada praktiknya mencerminkan tujuan politik pragmatis pemerintah. Akibatnya, PT Indonesia kehilangan peran transformatifnya dalam masyarakat.

Program Kuliah Kerja Nyata Universitas Gadjah Mada, 1970-an – 2000-an: Kebijakan, Bentuk, dan Perdebatan Pemikiran Suwignyo, Agus; Sudarmadi, Tular; Wahyuni, Hermin Indah
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 9, No 2 (2024): Colonialism, Nationalism, and Social Transformation
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v9i2.57429

The Student’s Community Service (Kuliah Kerja Nyata, KKN) has become a hallmark of higher education in Indonesia. Nonetheless, the history and intricacies of the implementation of this program have been overlooked in scholarly studies. The aim of the present article was to analyze the policies, forms and debates on KKN program from the 1970s to 2000s. This article was focused on the KKN program that was carried by the university that first initiated it in Indonesia, namely Gadjah Mada University. As a pioneer, UGM has the experiences in and the most complete archival collection about the KKN program among public and private universities in Indonesia. By applying the historical method and using KKN UGM reports from the 1970s–2000s as data sources, this article argues that, along the time of its existence, the KKN program at UGM has faced ups and downs as well as pros and cons. The article shows that the policies and the forms of the KKN program continue to adapt to the current context. Its contents, target community groups, and models of evaluation are increasingly varied and established from time to time. However, the principles and ideas that underline the program are also dynamic, especially regarding its impact and relevance in a modernizingsociety.

Pencitraan (Branding) Dan Promosi Desa Wisata Pengkol, Kecamatan Ngunter, Kabupaten Sukoharjo, Jawa Tengah Sudarmadi, Tular
Bakti Budaya: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada masyarakat Vol 4 No 2 (2021): 2021: Edisi 2
Publisher : Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Pengkol Village Community service in 2020 is a continuation of the development of Pengkol Village, Nguter District, Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java as a tourism village, managing from a community-based tourism point of view. Actually, the first Community service was carried out in the Pengkol village in 2017. A tourism potential identification program in Pengkol Village successfully conducted. The results show that Pengkol Village has the potential to be developed as a community-based tourism village. Furthermore, in 2018 to 2019 Community Service in this village is continued to form a community-based tourism management institution. The results of the program are the establishment of Pokdarwis village institution. This program after being written, was successfully defended as an undergraduate thesis by an undergraduate student from the Tourism Program. Since the institution is functioning, it is time to arrange the third session of Community service in Pengkol village. A branding and promotion of the Pengkol Tourism Village is designed and will advertise via social media. While COVID-19 plague occurs, Pokdarwis works on video making of Pengkol Village tourism branding and promotion. Since, COVID-19 protocol banned people from traveling and to flock, an online communication was set up. Moreover, the making of the video will be managed by Pokdarwis. On the other hand, the Tourism Program made a script and designed the Pengkol Tourism Village logo. Finally, in October 2020 the Pengkol Tourism Village logo was successfully created. A Jargon 'Tani Minantaka Tourism Village is Near in the Eyes and sticky to the Heart ” is also launched. In addition, video branding and video promotion of Pengkol Tourism Village were successfully made, which were then uploaded on social media Instagram, Facebook of the Pokdarwis Desa Wisata Pengkol. ===== Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat di Desa Pengkol tahun 2020 merupakan kelanjutan dari pengembangan Desa Pengkol, Kecamatan Nguter, Kabupaten Sukoharjo, Jawa Tengah sebagai desa wisata, yang pengelolaannya berbasis masyarakat. Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat yang pertama kali dilakukan di desa tersebut diawali pada tahun 2017 dengan program identifikasi potensi kepariwisataan di Desa Pengkol. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa Desa Pengkol sangat potensial untuk dikembangkan sebagai Desa Wisata berbasis masyarakat. Selanjutnya pada tahun 2018 hingga tahun 2019 Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat di desa ini diprogramkan untuk membentuk kelembagaan pengelolaan pariwisata berbasis masyarakat. Hasil pendampingan itu setelah ditulis berhasil dipertahankan sebagai skripsi S1 dari mahasiswi pendampingan program tersebut Atas dasar telah terbentuk Pokdarwis Desa Pengkol yang berfungsi untuk mengelola dan mengembangkan program kepariwisataan berbasis masyarakat di desa ini, program Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, yang ketiga lebih bersifat untuk melakukan pendampingan dan bertindak sebagai fasilitator dalam menyiapkan program pencitraan dan promosi Desa Wisata Pengkol. Selama tiga bulan dalam pelaksanaan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat yang masih terkendala wabah COVID-19 berhasil melibatkan Pokdarwis secara aktif dalam program pencitraan dan promosi. Adanya wabah COVID-19 disiasati dengan pendampingan online, sedangkan pembuatan video akan dikelola oleh Pokdarwis, Program studi membuatkan naskah dan merancang logo Desa Wisata Pengkol. Akhirnya pada bulan Oktober 2020 berhasil dibuat logo Desa Wisata Pengkol dan pencitraan ‘Desa Wisata Pengkol Tani Minantaka Dekat di mata Lekat di hati’. Selain itu berhasil dibuat satu video pencitraan dan satu video promosi Desa Wisata Pengkol, yang kemudian diunggah dalam media sosial Instagram, Facebook dengan akun Pokdarwis Desa Wisata Pengkol.

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