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Tahyah Hidjaz
Universitas Mataram
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology

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Physiological Respons of Bali and Simbal Cattles on the Thermal Environtment of Lowland and Highland Areas in Lombok Island Lalu Wira Pribadi; Rr. Agustien Suhardiani; Tahyah Hidjaz; M. Ashari; Happy Poerwoto; Rina Andriati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 3 (2021): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i3.2771

Abstract

The effort to increase productivity of Bali cattle in Lombok Island made use of crossbreeding with exotic breeds, such as Simmental, Limousine, Charolais, Hereford, and Brahman breed, in which Simmental was suggested the best one. However, replacing indigenous with exotic breed might in fact create significant problem, especially low tolerance on harsh environment condition and increased work to feed each animal because of higher growth and greater size at maturity. This study that mean objective to investigate the physiological respons of Bali and Simbal cattle  on the thermal environment of lowland and highland areas in Lombok island, was carried out by measure the rectal temperature (BT, oC), respiration rate (RR, resp/min), and heat tolerance coefficient (HTC) of 320 cattles in lowland and 280 cattle in highland, each consisted of pure Bali breed (B), crossbred of B x Simmental (SB), backcross of SB x Simmental (SBS), and backcross of SB x Bali (SBB). Each genotype consist of male and female, and 24-36 months of age. All cattle observed are ordered to be similar condition with BCS 3-5. The thermal condition of lowland and highland are measured from air temperature (oC), relative humidity (%), and temperature humidity index (THI). Data were analysed by using Anova and further test using HSD-test. Results of the study shows, the daily temperature and THI data obtained for the lowland environment are in considered to thermal stress zone for beef cattle, whereas those of found for the highland are within range of safety zone for cattle production. Physiological response shuch as BT, RR, and HTC, were significantly higher for cattle in the lowland than those in highland. The crossbreds cattle with higher proportion of Simmental genetic showed higher BT, RR, and HTC in the lowland, but became decrease in highland environment by higher decreasing index. It could be conclused that environmental condition in lowland with average THI of 80.02 lead to coused thermal stress to genotypes of Simbal cattle based on HTC wich in average of 2.91; however in highland wich average THI of 69.39 each genotype of cattle shows physiological responses in the normal range. 
Pre-Weaning Growth Performance of Boerka (Boer >< Kacang) Crossbred Kids in the Difference Genotype and Birth Types Lalu Wira Pribadi; Rr. Agustien Suhardiani; Tahyah Hidjaz; M. Ashari; Happy Poerwoto; Rina Andriati; Lalu Ahmad Zaenuri
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 3 (2022): July - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i3.4146

Abstract

Breeding programs to promote the productivity of Indonesian local goats (i.e. Kacang Goats) in various regions have been carried out by cross-breeding with predominant breeds of meat goats in the world such as Boer Goats. Currently, considering that the various genotypes of the cross-bred goat (namely Boerka Goat) have been spread and farmed by various goat farms throughout the country, it is necessary to evaluate the increase in productivity achieved. This study aims to investigate the pre-weaning growth performance of Boerka (Boer x Kacang) Crossbred Kids at different genotypes and birth types. The study was carried out experimentally using 167 Boer x Kacang crossbred kids which was arranged in a Split-Plot Design covering 3 plots of kid genotype, namely: BK (50% Boer, 50% Kacang), BBK (75% Boer, 25% Kacang) , and KBK (25% Boer, 75% Kacang), each with 3 sub-plots of kid birth types, namely single born kid (CT), twin born kid (CK-2), and triplet born kid (CK-3), all including male and female kids. The response variable that measured on pre-weaning growth performance, was observed directly by measuring birth weight (BL), 90-day-old weaning weight (BS90), and daily body weight gain (PBBH) for pre-weaning period. The data is tabulated and analyzed using software “Genstat”. The results showed that BL, BS.90, and pre-weaning PBBH of Boer x Kacang crossbred kids were influenced by genotype (P<0.01) and birth type (P<0.05) of the kids, and differed (P<0.05) between males and females kid. Male kids showed BL, BS90, and Pre-Weaning PBBH 12.88, 9.20, and 9.24% higher than female kids, respectively. Based on the genotype and birth type of the kids, the highest pre-weaning growth performance was shown by single-born male BBK kids, with BL, BS.90 and Pre-Weaning PBBH 3.32±0.33, 13.06±3.46 and 0.114±0.020 kg, respectively.
Growth Respons of Javanese Fat Tail Sheep (DEG) on Probiotic Supplementation in Diet with Different Nitrogen Source Rina Andriati; Lalu Wirapribadi; Rr. Agustien Suhardiani; Tahyah Hidjaz
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 23 No. 2 (2023): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v23i2.6285

Abstract

The growth performance of ruminant animals depend mainly on the quantity and quality of the feed provided. In feedlot systems, the ruminant diet consists of roughages, which are in most cases preserved as native grass or hay, and concentrate feeds as Nitrogen sources. To meet their nutritional requirements and achieve the expected growth performance, these animals must be provided with adequately balanced diets. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of probiotic supplementation in diet with different nitrogen sources on growth performance of Javanese Fat Tail Lambs. The study was conducted experimently using 48 male lambs 6-7 month of age and average body weight 18,7±2,6 kg. The probiotic tested was EM-4, a probiotic containing Lactobacillus sp, Streptomices sp. and Sacharomyces cerevisiae, with tested levels were: zero (R0, control), 0.5 ml (R1), 1.0 ml (R2), and 1.5 ml (R3) per head per day. Two types of diets were prepared, each composed of 70% native grass and 30% concentrate with different nitrogen source, both formulated to be isoprotein and isoenergy. The experimental lambs were divided into 8 groups of 6 lambs each group, each placed randomly in 48 similar individual cages. Experimental diets were given twice a day in equal portions at 08.30 in the morning and at 16.30 in the afternoon. The amount of remaining feed was measured every day at 06.00 am. Each lamb was weighed once a week for a 120-day experimental period. Data were analyzed using ANOVA according to Randomized Block Design, and further tested by the Least Significant Difference Test. The results showed that probiotic supplementation in diet had no effect (P>0.05) on Dry Matter Intake (DMI), but could increase (P<0.05) Daily Weight Gain (PBBH), Growth Rate (LP), and reduced the Feed Conversion Rate (FCR), both in the lambs fed diet with nitrogen source from Turi (Sesbania grandiflora) leaf meal (R1) and Tofu Dreg (R2). The DEG fed R1 showed a 7.7% higher PBBH than those of fed R2. The probiotic supplementation on R1 and R2 gave the optimum effect on PBBH and FCR at the supplementation level of 1.5 ml/head/day.
Co-Authors Lalu Ahmad Zaenuri Lalu Wira Pribadi Lalu Wirapribadi M Ashari Poerwoto, Happy Rina Andriati Rr. Agustien Suhardiani