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GEOLOGICAL INFLUENCE ON QUALITY OF SELECTED TERTIARY BARITO COAL BINARKO SANTOSO; BUKIN DAULAY
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 9, No 2 (2006): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 09 No. 2 June 2006
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Type and rank variation within Tertiary Barito coals of Tanjung Formation were analyzed by petro- graphic examination of ten coal samples. Vitrinite, common liptinite and rare inertinite and mi-neral matter dominate all the coals. Vitrinite macerals are dominated by detrovitrinite and telovitrinite. Resinite, cutinite and sporinite are the dominant liptinite macerals in the coals. Inertinite macerals in the coals comprise semifusinite, sclerotinite and inertodetrinite. Mineral matter consists mainly of clay and pyrite. Liptinite and inertinite contents within coals are systematically related to vitrinite content. The liptinite and inertinite contents decrease with increase of vitrinite content. The liptinite content is not related to the inertinite content. Vitrinite reflectance of Palaeogene coals ranges from 0.53% to 0.64% or sub-bituminous to high-volatile bituminous ranks, respectively, as classified by the Australian standards, and of the Neogene ones varies between 0.30% and 0.47%, classified as brown coal and sub-bituminous ranks, respectively. The slight change in vitrinite reflectance from the top to the base of the sequence is due to the thicker cover/overburden on the high rank coals. Similarities and differ- ences in the type and rank of the coals reflect their geological setting.

STRATEGY TO MAXIMIZING THE USE OF COAL AND ASSOCIATED GASEOUS FUELS IN SOUTH SUMATERA BASIN BUKIN DAULAY; DATIN F. UMAR; BINARKO SANTOSO; SUGANAL SUGANAL
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 13, No 3 (2010): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 13 No. 3 October 2010
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

South Sumatera Basin has been known as one of the most promising sedimentary basins in Indonesia. This basin has large coal resources and is currently also believed to have an enormous amount of coalbed methane (CBM) resources. The coal seam in the basin is considerably thick and continuous, low ash and sulphur contents and could be found at favourable depth for CBM development. Coal seams can be ex- ploited by traditional mining methods, which are open cut and underground minings. When the coal seam is not economic to exploit using traditional method, underground coal gasification (UCG) technology could be implemented to optimize the use of coal and associated gaseous fuels in the basin. However, CBM operation has to be conducted before UCG operation. South Sumatera coal could be utilized for direct combustion in mine site in order to reduce transport cost; could be upgraded to obtain high calorific value coal or converted to gas, liquid and coke fuels through gasification, liquefaction and carbonization technologies.

COAL LIQUEFACTION IN INDONESIA: CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PROGRAMME NINING S. NINGRUM; BUKIN DAULAY
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 10, No 1 (2007): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 10 No. 1 February 2007
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

The Presidential Decree No. 5/2006 and Presidential Instruction No. 2/2006 about Supply and Exploi- tation of Liquefied Coal as Other Fuel has instructed the interrelated department, including the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, to bring about the development of coal liquefaction plant in Indone- sia, and make use of its product - in the form of oil fuel. To implement the instruction, the Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs issued Decision Letter, No. KEP-11/M.EKON/02/2006 about Coordina- tor of Team Action Programmed Supply and Use of Alternative Energy and KEP-01/D.III.M.EKON/02/ 2006 about Technical Coordinator Action Programme Supply and Use of Alternative Energy. Some activities that have been done by the coal liquefaction team in 2006 were the socialization of coal liquefaction to introduce the coal liquefaction technology to the investors. It is expected that the investors will be interested in investing their financial capital in the coal liquefaction.

INDONESIAN LOW RANK COAL RESOURCES TO WHICH UBC TECHNOLOGY IS COMMERCIALLY APPLICABLE BUKIN DAULAY; BINARKO SANTOSO; IKIN SODIKIN
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 10, No 2 (2007): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 10 No. 2 June 2007
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Low rank coal (LRC) that constitutes more than 65% of the national coal resources has to be utilized optimally in order to achieve the security of domestic energy supply and an optimum mix of primary energy consumption by the year 2025. The LRC can be upgraded to higher rank coal, both for export and domestic use, particularly for existing industries. Upgraded Brown Coal (UBC) process is one of the best upgrading technologies that can be implemented. Moreover, the low cost production of LRC and the availability of infrastructures would be the more attractive for UBC commercialization. Based on the coal quality specification recommended in this paper, the total moisture of the LRC varies from25.33 to 57.89% (typical 35 - 40%, as received/ar) and its calorific value ranges from 2,504 to 4,900 kcal/kg (typical 3,000 - 4,000 kcal/kg, ar). The ash content of the recommended LRC is less than 10% (typical <5%, dry basis/db) and the sulphur content is typical <0.5% (db). The LRC located in East and South Kalimantan is more attractive for UBC commercialization compared to LRC located in South Sumatera. Most of the LRC in South Sumatera is located far inland that makes the transporta- tion cost for UBC equipment and product become expensive.

IMPROVEMENT OF LOW RANK COAL PROPERTIES BY VARIOUS UPGRADING PROCESSES DATIN F. UMAR; BUKIN DAULAY
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 14, No 1 (2011): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 14 No. 1 February 2011
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

A low rank coal from Banko, South Sumatera was used to study the properties improvement of the coal due to coal upgrading process. Various coal upgrading processes were conducted i.e. upgraded brown coal (UBC), hot water drying (HWD) and steam drying (SD). The UBC process was carried out in pilot scale with a capacity of 5 tons/day at temperature of 160°C and pressure of 0.35 MPa, while the HWD and SD pro- cesses were conducted in laboratory scale using autoclave at the temperature of 300ºC and pressure of about 12 MPa for 1 hour. The result indicates that the properties of Banko coals after the UBC, HWD and SD processes were improved. The calorific value of the upgraded coals was significantly increased in relevant to the decreasing of inherent moisture content and have better combustion characteristics than that of the raw coal. The highest calorific value can be achieved by SD process, followed by HWD and UBC processes.

SUSCEPTIBILITY TO SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION OF SOME INDONESIAN COALS DATIN FATIA UMAR; BINARKO SANTOSO; BUKIN DAULAY
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 15, No 2 (2012): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 15 No. 2 June 2012
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Eight Indonesian coal samples of different moisture contents obtained from the various coalfi elds were used to study spontaneous combustion characteristics by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and crossing point temperature (CPT). Results indicate that there is no direct correlation between the spontaneous combustion test data and the individual properties of the coal samples by both DTA and CPT test methods; in this study, a preliminary conclusion can be drawn on the coal moisture content effect on spontaneous combustion. Higher moisture content coals are more susceptible to spontaneous combustion than that of lower moisture content coals. It also can be stated that the susceptibility of coal to spontaneous combustion is basically a complex. Clearly more tests are required to investigate the effect of coal properties in more detail from other Indonesian coals that have various types and ranks.

THE EFFECT OF DISPERSING AND STABILIZING ADDITIVE ON THE STABILITY OF UPGRADED COAL WATER MIXTURE DATIN F. UMAR; BUKIN DAULAY; HIROMOTO USUI; YOSHIYUKI KOMODA
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 10, No 1 (2007): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 10 No. 1 February 2007
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

The upgraded brown coal water mixture (UBCWM) stability with several dispersing and stabilizing additives was studied based on coal sedimentation time history. UBCWM was filled up in a settling column; which has four holes in the upper, upper middle, bottom middle and middle side to take samples. Results indicate that the addition of Naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate (NSF) as dispersant together with S-194 some kinds of bio polysacharide with long branches produced by Dainippon Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. as stabilizer, produces UBCWM with the best stability compare with that by using polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) and polymethacrylate (PMA) together with carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) and S-60 also some kinds of bio polysacharide, but without branches pro- duced by Dainippon Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd . Even the addition of S-194 results UBCWM with good stability, from the economical point of view, the addition of S-194 is a problem. The price of S-194 is expensive, whereas CMC is abundant and cheap. Therefore, the use of CMC as stabilizing additive was also effective in preparing stable UBCWM according to the stability of the UBCWM by using S- 194 and CMC is not significantly different.

MACERAL AND MINERAL ANALYSIS OF LEBAK COALS REGARDING THEIR UTILISATION BINARKO SANTOSO; BUKIN DAULAY
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 10, No 2 (2007): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 10 No. 2 June 2007
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Type and rank variations of Lebak coals were derived from twenty-eight samples of Palaeogene coalfield (Bayah, Cimandiri and Cihideung) and Neogene coalfields (Bojongmanik) using petrographic analy- ses. The Lebak coals are dominated by vitrinite, liptinite and minor inertinite and mineral matter as well. The coal type, in terms of maceral and mineral compositions, reflects climatic influences and differences in peat conditions. Higher vitrinite reflectance of Palaeogene coals, compared to Neogene ones, is a result of higher regional coalification level in the basin, associated with greater cover and local effect of igneous intrusion. The Palaeogene coals have better quality than the Neogenes and is also supported by higher specific energy. The coals that are vitrinite-rich, liptinite and inertinite-poor are suitable for direct combustion.

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