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Pomegranate (Punica granatum L) powder reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) level in cigarette smoke exposed rats Tjakradidjaja, Francisca A.; Tjakradidjaja, Anita S.
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 20, No 1 (2011): February
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Background: To analyze the effect of pomegranate (P. granatum) powder consumption for 14 days on lipid peroxidation as shown byÂ malondialdehyde (MDA) level in cigarette smoke exposed rats.Methods: Thirty Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into three groups, i.e.: a control group and two treatment groups. The treatment groups either received 5% (R1: 0.351% flavonoids/100g) or 10% (R2: 0.566% flavonoids/100g) pomegranate extract powder, respectively. The diets in the form of pellets were freely consumed (ad libitum) and were given for 14 days. Rats were exposed to cigarette smoke three times per day. Blood samples were taken on day 0, day 8th and 15th for MDA analyses. Comparison of MDA levels was done by ANOVAâs test on normal data.Results: On day 0, the MDA levels were 0.35Â±0.06 nmol/mL, 0.38Â±0.06 nmol/mL and 0.38Â±0.06 nmol/mL for control, 5% and 10% pomegranate powder group, respectively (P=0.65). On day 8th, the MDA levels were 0.70Â±0.06 nmol/mL, 0.57Â±0.06 nmol/mL and 0.56Â±0.06 nmol/mL, and on day 15th, the MDA levels were 1.02 Â±0.06 nmol/mL, 0.89Â±0.06 nmol/mL and 0.80Â±0.06 nmol/mL in control, 5% and 10% pomegranate powder group, respectively. There was a significant difference (P< 0.001) in MDA levels on day 8th and 15th between groups. The average MDA level for rats consuming control diet was the highest on day 8th and 15th. On the other hand, the lowest average MDA level on day 8th and 15th was observed in rats given 10% pomegranate extract powder. In comparison to MDA level before cigarette smoke exposure, the increases in MDA levels for rats consuming control diet, 5% and 10% pomegranate extract powder were 97%, 52% and 48% on day 8th, and 187%, 137% and 113% on day 15th, respectively. The highest increase in MDA level was observed in control group.Conclusion: The use of pomegranate powder at 5% and 10% concentration was able to prevent the occurrence of lipid peroxidation as shown by the MDA levels and the effect was dose dependent. (Med J Indones 2011; 20:34-9)Keywords: antioxidant, flavonoids, lipid peroxidation

Aktivitas Perilaku Makan Kukang Sumatera (Nycicebus coucang coucang) pada Malam Hari di Penangkaran Semiadi, Gono; Tjakradidjaja, Anita S.; Diapari, Didid
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 3, No 4 (2002): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

ABSTRACTFeeding Behaviour Activity of Slow Loris (Nycicebus coucang coucang) at Night inCaptivity. Slow loris (Nycticebus coucang) is an endangered tropical primate, with itsdistribution in Indonesia stretch from Java, Sumatra to Kalimantan islands. Population declineare mainly due to habitat destruction, competition in feed and space and live capture to be soldas pet animals. One of the strategies to conserve the species is through captive breedingprogram (ex situ). Understanding the behaviour of slow loris in captivity, especially theirfeeding behaviour, will provide valuable information for obtaining maximal management. Thestudy was conducted at Mammals Captive Breeding, Pusat Penelitian Biologi-LIP1 in Bogor,for three months. Three adults slow loris consisting of two males and one female, were placedin individual cages and observed their nighttime feeding behaviour. Feeds that were givenconsisted of banana, marquise, guava, coconut, papaya, sweet corn, bread and quail eggs. Onezero sampling method was used in the observation with fifteen minutes interval. The resultsshowed that night feeding activity took place 12.44% of the total activities, with the highestactivity took place between 18.00-19.00 WIB as much as 6,1%. Drinking activity took placeonly 0,21% of the total activities, with defecation and urination activities were noted only3,84% and 2,73%, respectively. Others activities, such as locomotion, grooming and restingwere 14,59%, 58,08% and 8,12%, respectively, of the total activities.Keywords : Slow loris, Nycticebus coucang, captive breeding, behaviour, activities

Pengaruh Suplementasi Konsentrat dalam Ransum terhadap Performa, Bobot Karkas dan Non Karkas Landak Jawa (Hystrix javanica F. Cuvier, 1823) Sari, Andri Permata; Farida, Wartika Rosa; Tjakradidjaja, Anita S.
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 8, No 2 (2012): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v8i2.3059

The Effect of Concentrate Supplementation in The Ration on Performance, Carcass and Non-Carcass Weight of Javan Porcupine (Hystrix javanica F. Cuvier, 1823). This study was conducted at Small Mammal Captivity, Zoology Division, Research Center for Biology,Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Cibinong, Bogor Regency. Eight porcupines consisted of 6 females and 2 males were used to know the effect of concentrate supplementation in the ration on performance, carcass and non carcass weight of javan porcupine. Ration treatment consisted of control ration (PI) and control ration plus concentrate comersial such as koi fish pellet (PII).Four porcupines (3 female and 1 male) were given control ration (PI) and three porcupines (3 female and 1 male) were given ration PII. A completely randomized design was used in this research. Data collected were nutrient consumption, average daily gain, feed conversion, slaughter weight, weight of cascass and non-carcass. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance. The result showed supplementation of koi fish pellet in the ration didnât significantlyinfluence (P>0.05) performance of javan porcupine, but significantly (P<0.05) increase consumption on calcium and phosphor. Weight and percentage of carcass and non-carcass of javan porcupine were not affected by ration treatment. Average of weight and percentage of porcupineâs carcass of PI were 4,505.08 g and 59.67% and those of PII were 3,957.55 g and 56.54%, while average of weight and percentage of porcupineâs non-carcass of PI were 2,979.05g and 39.46% and those of PII were 2,774.60 g and 39.64%.Keywords: Concentrate, ration, performace, carcass, non-carcass

AKTIVITAS PERILAKU MAKAN KUKANG SUMATERA (NYCICEBUS COUCANG COUCANG) PADA MALAM HARI DI PENANGKARAN Semiadi, Gono; Ba'alwy, Mukhlis; Tjakradidjaja, Anita S.; Diapari, Didid
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 3, No 4 (2002): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v3i4.3320

ABSTRACTFeeding Behaviour Activity of Slow Loris (Nycicebus coucang coucang) at Night inCaptivity. Slow loris (Nycticebus coucang) is an endangered tropical primate, with itsdistribution in Indonesia stretch from Java, Sumatra to Kalimantan islands. Population declineare mainly due to habitat destruction, competition in feed and space and live capture to be soldas pet animals. One of the strategies to conserve the species is through captive breedingprogram (ex situ). Understanding the behaviour of slow loris in captivity, especially theirfeeding behaviour, will provide valuable information for obtaining maximal management. Thestudy was conducted at Mammals Captive Breeding, Pusat Penelitian Biologi-LIP1 in Bogor,for three months. Three adults slow loris consisting of two males and one female, were placedin individual cages and observed their nighttime feeding behaviour. Feeds that were givenconsisted of banana, marquise, guava, coconut, papaya, sweet corn, bread and quail eggs. Onezero sampling method was used in the observation with fifteen minutes interval. The resultsshowed that night feeding activity took place 12.44% of the total activities, with the highestactivity took place between 18.00-19.00 WIB as much as 6,1%. Drinking activity took placeonly 0,21% of the total activities, with defecation and urination activities were noted only3,84% and 2,73%, respectively. Others activities, such as locomotion, grooming and restingwere 14,59%, 58,08% and 8,12%, respectively, of the total activities.Keywords : Slow loris, Nycticebus coucang, captive breeding, behaviour, activities

PENGARUH SUPLEMENTASI KONSENTRAT DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP PERFORMA, BOBOT KARKAS DAN NON KARKAS LANDAK JAWA (HYSTRIX JAVANICA F. CUVIER, 1823) Farida, Wartika Rosa; Tjakradidjaja, Anita S.; Sari, Andri Permata
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 8, No 2 (2012): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v8i2.3059

The Effect of Concentrate Supplementation in The Ration on Performance, Carcass and Non-Carcass Weight of Javan Porcupine (Hystrix javanica F. Cuvier, 1823). This study was conducted at Small Mammal Captivity, Zoology Division, Research Center for Biology,Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Cibinong, Bogor Regency. Eight porcupines consisted of 6 females and 2 males were used to know the effect of concentrate supplementation in the ration on performance, carcass and non carcass weight of javan porcupine. Ration treatment consisted of control ration (PI) and control ration plus concentrate comersial such as koi fish pellet (PII).Four porcupines (3 female and 1 male) were given control ration (PI) and three porcupines (3 female and 1 male) were given ration PII. A completely randomized design was used in this research. Data collected were nutrient consumption, average daily gain, feed conversion, slaughter weight, weight of cascass and non-carcass. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance. The result showed supplementation of koi fish pellet in the ration didn?t significantlyinfluence (P>0.05) performance of javan porcupine, but significantly (P<0.05) increase consumption on calcium and phosphor. Weight and percentage of carcass and non-carcass of javan porcupine were not affected by ration treatment. Average of weight and percentage of porcupine?s carcass of PI were 4,505.08 g and 59.67% and those of PII were 3,957.55 g and 56.54%, while average of weight and percentage of porcupine?s non-carcass of PI were 2,979.05g and 39.46% and those of PII were 2,774.60 g and 39.64%.Keywords: Concentrate, ration, performace, carcass, non-carcass

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