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All Journal Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Cici Tresniawati
Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri, Jl. Raya Parungkuda Km. 2 Parungkuda, Sukabumi 43357 Telp. (0266) 531241
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Economics, Econometrics & Finance Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

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Pemanfaatan Teknik Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA ( RAPD ) Untuk Pengelompokan Secara Genetik Plasma Nutfah Jambu Mete (Annacardium occidentale L.) Randriani, Enny; Tresniawati, Cici; Syafaruddin, Syafaruddin
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 1 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Budidaya jambu mete di Indonesia selama ini belum menggunakan varietas unggul sehingga mengakibatkan rendahnya produksi, yaitu sekitar 493 kg/ha/tahun. Peningkatan genetik terkendala oleh kurangnya informasi tentang variabilitas genetik jambu mete. Dalam merakit suatu varietas unggul diperlukan variabilitas genetik yang luas dari plasma nutfah yang tersedia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui tingkat kekerabatan dan keragaman genetik koleksi plasma nutfah jambu mete berdasarkan profil pita DNA menggunakan teknik RAPD. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Biologi Molekuler BB-Biogen, Bogor mulai bulan Mei-November 2010. Materi genetik yang digunakan adalah JN26, Oniki1, Oniki2, Oniki3, Kodi4, NDR31, Nigeria P9, Nigeria P2, JN7, Srilanka, Mojokerto, Pamotan, Karimun, Larantuka, BO2, SM9, JT21 dengan menggunakan 25 primer. Adapun kegiatannya meliputi pengumpulan materi koleksi plasma nutfah jambu mete (17 aksesi). Dilanjutkan kegiatan di Laboratorium dengan tahapan-tahapan kegiatan, seperti ekstraksi dan purifikasi DNA, loading dan running produk PCR dan analisis RAPD serta analisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari dua puluh lima primer PCR-RAPD yang digunakan untuk mengamplifikasi sebanyak 17 sampel jambu mete, terdapat 24 primer yang memberikan pita DNA, 21 di antaranya polimorfisme dan tiga primer menunjukkan monomorfis. Hasil analisis kekerabatan 17 sampel jambu mete dengan program NTSys 2.1 menunjukkan bahwa terdapat variasi genetik yang cukup tinggi. Pada koefisien 88%, 17 jambu mete tersebut mengelompok menjadi lima, kelompok yang pertama terdiri dari delapan individu (Oniki1, Kodi4, JN26, NDR31, Srilanka, Mojokerto, Karimun, dan JT21), kelompok dua terdiri dari lima individu (Nigeria P9, B02, Nigeria P2, JN7, Pamotan), kelompok tiga terdiri dua individu (SM9, dan Larantuka), kelompok empat  terdiri dari satu individu (Oniki3), dan kelompok lima terdiri dari satu individu (Oniki2). Use of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Technique on grouping cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) germplasmABSTRACT Many cashew plantations in Indonesia do not use superior variety. As a result, national cashew production is only 493 kg/ha/year. Genetic improvement is limited by the lack of information of genetic variability of germplasm. Wide genetic variability in cashew germplasms is necessary to produce superior variety. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the genetic variation and relationship of among cashew germplasms based on band pattern of DNA by using RAPD technique. The experiment was conducted at Molecular Biology Laboratory of BB-Biogen, Bogor since May till November 2009. Genetic materials used were JN26, Oniki1, Oniki2, Oniki3, Kodi4, NDR31, Nigeria P9, Nigeria P2, JN7, Srilanka, Mojokerto, Pamotan, Karimun, Larantuka, BO2, SM9, and JT21 by using 25 primers. The activity consisted of collecting of cashew germplasm (17 accessions), followed with laboratory activities such as: DNA extraction and purification, loading and running of PCR product, RAPD and data analysis. Results shows that 25 primers used were 24 primers shown DNA band pattern 21 of which there are polymorphism and 3 the monomorphism. Germplasm collection of cashew has wide variation. At 88% coefficient, 17 accessions of cashew were divided into five clusters. The first cluster  consisted of 8 individuals (Oniki 1, Kodi4, JN26, NDR31, Srilanka, Mojokerto, Karimun, dan JT 21), the second cluster of five individuals (Nigeria P9, B02, Nigeria P2, JN7, Pamotan ), third cluster two individuals (SM9 and Larantuka), the fourth cluster of one individual (Oniki3) and the fifth cluster consisted of one individual (Oniki2).  
Pemanfaatan Teknik Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA ( RAPD ) Untuk Pengelompokan Secara Genetik Plasma Nutfah Jambu Mete (Annacardium occidentale L.) Randriani, Enny; Tresniawati, Cici; Syafaruddin, Syafaruddin
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 1 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Budidaya jambu mete di Indonesia selama ini belum menggunakan varietas unggul sehingga mengakibatkan rendahnya produksi, yaitu sekitar 493 kg/ha/tahun. Peningkatan genetik terkendala oleh kurangnya informasi tentang variabilitas genetik jambu mete. Dalam merakit suatu varietas unggul diperlukan variabilitas genetik yang luas dari plasma nutfah yang tersedia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui tingkat kekerabatan dan keragaman genetik koleksi plasma nutfah jambu mete berdasarkan profil pita DNA menggunakan teknik RAPD. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Biologi Molekuler BB-Biogen, Bogor mulai bulan Mei-November 2010. Materi genetik yang digunakan adalah JN26, Oniki1, Oniki2, Oniki3, Kodi4, NDR31, Nigeria P9, Nigeria P2, JN7, Srilanka, Mojokerto, Pamotan, Karimun, Larantuka, BO2, SM9, JT21 dengan menggunakan 25 primer. Adapun kegiatannya meliputi pengumpulan materi koleksi plasma nutfah jambu mete (17 aksesi). Dilanjutkan kegiatan di Laboratorium dengan tahapan-tahapan kegiatan, seperti ekstraksi dan purifikasi DNA, loading dan running produk PCR dan analisis RAPD serta analisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari dua puluh lima primer PCR-RAPD yang digunakan untuk mengamplifikasi sebanyak 17 sampel jambu mete, terdapat 24 primer yang memberikan pita DNA, 21 di antaranya polimorfisme dan tiga primer menunjukkan monomorfis. Hasil analisis kekerabatan 17 sampel jambu mete dengan program NTSys 2.1 menunjukkan bahwa terdapat variasi genetik yang cukup tinggi. Pada koefisien 88%, 17 jambu mete tersebut mengelompok menjadi lima, kelompok yang pertama terdiri dari delapan individu (Oniki1, Kodi4, JN26, NDR31, Srilanka, Mojokerto, Karimun, dan JT21), kelompok dua terdiri dari lima individu (Nigeria P9, B02, Nigeria P2, JN7, Pamotan), kelompok tiga terdiri dua individu (SM9, dan Larantuka), kelompok empat  terdiri dari satu individu (Oniki3), dan kelompok lima terdiri dari satu individu (Oniki2). Use of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Technique on grouping cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) germplasmABSTRACT Many cashew plantations in Indonesia do not use superior variety. As a result, national cashew production is only 493 kg/ha/year. Genetic improvement is limited by the lack of information of genetic variability of germplasm. Wide genetic variability in cashew germplasms is necessary to produce superior variety. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the genetic variation and relationship of among cashew germplasms based on band pattern of DNA by using RAPD technique. The experiment was conducted at Molecular Biology Laboratory of BB-Biogen, Bogor since May till November 2009. Genetic materials used were JN26, Oniki1, Oniki2, Oniki3, Kodi4, NDR31, Nigeria P9, Nigeria P2, JN7, Srilanka, Mojokerto, Pamotan, Karimun, Larantuka, BO2, SM9, and JT21 by using 25 primers. The activity consisted of collecting of cashew germplasm (17 accessions), followed with laboratory activities such as: DNA extraction and purification, loading and running of PCR product, RAPD and data analysis. Results shows that 25 primers used were 24 primers shown DNA band pattern 21 of which there are polymorphism and 3 the monomorphism. Germplasm collection of cashew has wide variation. At 88% coefficient, 17 accessions of cashew were divided into five clusters. The first cluster  consisted of 8 individuals (Oniki 1, Kodi4, JN26, NDR31, Srilanka, Mojokerto, Karimun, dan JT 21), the second cluster of five individuals (Nigeria P9, B02, Nigeria P2, JN7, Pamotan ), third cluster two individuals (SM9 and Larantuka), the fourth cluster of one individual (Oniki3) and the fifth cluster consisted of one individual (Oniki2).  
Hubungan Antar Karakter Vegetatif, Komponen Hasil, dan Daya Hasil Kopi Robusta Asal Sambung Tunas Plagiotrop Randriani, Enny; Dani, Dani; Tresniawati, Cici; Syafaruddin, Syafaruddin
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Seleksi klon unggul kopi Robusta (Coffea canephora) biasanya memerlukan waktu yang lama sehingga diperlukan pendekatan-pendekatan yang mampu mempersingkat waktu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis korelasi antar karakter vegetatif, komponen hasil, dan daya hasil kopi Robusta hasil sambung tunas plagiotrop. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Suka Rami, Kecamatan Bermani Ulu, Kabupaten Curup, Bengkulu dari bulan Januari sampai Desember 2012. Delapan karakter vegetatif, 13 karakter komponen hasil, dan dua karakter daya hasil diamati pada pertanaman kopi Robusta hasil sambung tunas plagiotrop umur tiga tahun. Korelasi antar karakter dan analisis faktor dilakukan menggunakan SPSS 11.5 for Windows. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa karakter daya hasil (produksi buah dan produksi biji beras per pohon) kopi Robusta yang diperbanyak melalui sambung tunas plagiotrop memiliki hubungan yang positif secara kuat dengan lima karakter lainnya, yaitu jumlah cabang sekunder, bobot 100 buah, panjang biji gabah, panjang biji beras, dan bobot 100 biji beras. Oleh sebab itu, kelima karakter tersebut dapat dijadikan sebagai kriteria seleksi positif untuk produktivitas tinggi kopi Robusta yang dikembangkan melalui sambung tunas plagiotrop.Kata kunci: Coffea canephora, seleksi klon, sambung pucuk, tunas plagiotropSelection of Robusta (Coffea canephora) elite clones usually takes a long time, therefore an effective approach is needed to shorten the time. The objective of this study was to analyze the correlation between the vegetative characters, yield and yield components of Robusta coffee derived from plagiotroph bud grafting. The research was conducted in the Suka Rami village, District of Bermani Ulu, Curup, Bengkulu Province from January to December 2012. Eight vegetative characters, 13 characters of yield components, and two yield characters were observed at three years old Robusta coffee plantation which derived from plagiotroph bud grafting. The correlation between the characters and factor analysis performed using SPSS 11.5 for Windows. The analysis showed that the character of the number of secondary branches, weight of 100 coffee fruits, long grain bean, long grain rice, and weight of 100 grains of bean showed a very strong positive correlation with yield characters. Thus, these five characters can be used as selection criteria to obtain superior genotypes of Robusta coffee that developed through plagiotroph bud grafting.
Pendugaan Daya Gabung dan Heritabilitas Beberapa Karakter Agronomis pada Populasi Generasi F1 Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Tresniawati, Cici; Dani, Dani; Wicaksono, Ilham Nur Ardi; Rubiyo, Rubiyo
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Informasi mengenai parameter genetik diperlukan sebagai dasar penentuan tetua dalam perakitan varietas hibrida. Penelitian inibertujuan mengetahui daya gabung umum (DGU) dan daya gabung khusus (DGK) tetua dari 10 populasi F1 kakao hasil persilangandialel 5 x 5 tanpa selfing dan tanpa resiprok. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan (KP.) Sumber Asin, Malang, Jawa Timurdari bulan April sampai Oktober 2013. Tetua yang digunakan adalah DR1 (kakao edel) dan ICCRI 03, TSH 858, ICS 13, dan Sca 6(kakao lindak). Karakter yang diamati adalah lingkar batang, tinggi jorket, persentase tanaman berbunga, dan persentase tanamanberbuah. Data karakter tersebut dianalisis ragamnya menggunakan metode Griffing 4. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan klon TSH 858memiliki efek DGU paling tinggi untuk karakter lingkar batang dan persentase tanaman berbunga, sedangkan klon Sca 6 untuk tinggijorket. Kedua klon tersebut berpotensi untuk dijadikan tetua persilangan dalam pembentukan varietas sintetis. Nilai DGK palingtinggi ditunjukkan oleh kombinasi tetua DR 1 x Sca 6 untuk karakter lingkar batang, persentase tanaman berbunga, dan persentasetanaman berbuah, sedangkan kombinasi TSH 858 x DR 1 memperlihatkan nilai paling tinggi untuk karakter tinggi jorket. Keduakombinasi tetua tersebut potensial dijadikan alternatif dalam perakitan varietas hibrida.Kata kunci: Kakao mulia, kakao lindak, Daya Gabung Khusus, Daya Gabung Umum, Griffing 4, heritabilitasKnowledge about genetic parameters is important for plant breeders as a basis for determining potential parent in hybrid breeding programs. Theobjectives of this study was to evaluate general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) in F1 population of cocoa derived fromdiallel crossing of 5 x 5 without selfing and reciprocal. The experiment was conducted at the Sumber Asin experimental station, Malang, East Java,from April to October 2013. The parental clones used are ICCRI 03, TSH 858, Sca 6, ICS 13 (bulk cacao) dan DR 1 (fine cacao). Observations onagronomic characters including trunk girth, jorquette height, percent of flowering, and percent of fruiting were carried out on individual plants.Variance analysis was perfomed by Griffing Method type 4. The result showed that TSH 858 clone has the highest GCA effect on trunk girth andpercent of flowering (TSH 858), while Sca 6 clone was significant only for jorquette height. Both of those clones would be potential as parent inassembling new variety, particularly to gain the large trunk girth and high jorquette. On the other hand, the highest SCA value indicated by thecombination of DR 1 x Sca 6 for trunk girth, percent of flowering and percent of fruiting, whereas the combination of TSH 858 x DR 1 showed thehighest value for jorquette height. Both of these parent combinations are prospective as an alternative in the assembly of new hybrid varieties.
Seleksi Genotipe Unggul Kopi Robusta Spesifik Lokasi Dani, Dani; Tresniawati, Cici; Randriani, Enny
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 2 (2013): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Seleksi genotipe unggul kopi Robusta yang memiliki karakteristik biji besar, kandungan kafein rendah, dan citarasa baik sangat penting dilakukan dalam rangka meningkatkan nilai ekonomi kopi Robusta di pasar global. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan seleksi genotipe kopi Robusta terbaik berdasarkan kriteria-kriteria tersebut di atas. Waktu pelaksanaan penelitian pada bulan Januari-Desember 2012. Bahan seleksi berupa populasi lima genotipe kopi Robusta hasil seleksi petani (MCJ-1, SCJ-1, PKCJ-1, PHCJ-1, dan SuCJ-1) yang telah banyak dibudidayakan di wilayah Kabupaten Curup, Provinsi Bengkulu. Kriteria seleksi berdasarkan karakteristik mutu fisik dan morfometrik biji beras, kandungan kafein, dan mutu citarasa seduhan. Pengujian mutu fisik biji beras, kandungan kafein, dan mutu citarasa seduhan dilaksanakan di Pusat Penelitian Kopi dan Kakao Indonesia, Jember. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian diketahui bahwa genotipe PKCJ-1 memiliki karakteristik ukuran biji paling besar dan kandungan kafein paling rendah. Genotipe PHCJ-1 dan SCJ-1 paling baik dalam hal citarasa dan telah memenuhi kategori salah satu kriteria kopi spesialti. Dengan demikian, berdasarkan kriteria seleksi yang telah ditetapkan, ketiganya terpilih sebagai genotipe harapan.Kata Kunci: Kopi Robusta, seleksi genotipe, kafein rendah, mutu citarasaSelection of Robusta coffee genotypes which have superior characteristics, such as large beans size, low caffeine content, and good cup quality taste, is essential in order to increase its economic value in the world market. The objectives of the research was to select the superior genotype(s) of Robusta coffee based on characteristics as mentioned above. The research was carried out at Januari to December 2012. Material used was five genotypes of farmer-selected Robusta coffee (MCJ-1, SCJ-1, PKCJ-1, PHCJ-1, and SuCJ-1) recently grown in many areas across Curup Regency, Bengkulu Province. Selection criteria was physical quality and morphometric characteristics of green beans, caffeine content, and cup quality. The laboratory test was conducted at the Center for Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute (ICCRI), Jember. The results showed that the genotype of PKCJ-1 has the largest in size of bean and the lowest in caffeine content. On the other hand, PHCJ-1 and SCJ-1 genotypes are the best in terms of taste and meets of ones criteria for specialty coffee grade. Thus, these three genotypes were selected as a candidate of superior genotypes.
Perubahan Fisik, Fisiologi dan Biokimia Selama Pemasakan Benih dan Studi Rekalsitransi Benih Kemiri Sunan Tresniawati, Cici; Murniati, Endang; Widajati, Eny
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 42 No. 1 (2014): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (352.208 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v42i1.8157

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe aims of this research on Reutealis trisperma seed were to know 1) seed harvest maturity level based on physiological and biochemical changes; and 2) seed recalcitrancy based on critical moisture content and storability in two storage temperatures. The research was conducted at Leuwikopo Seed Science and Technology Laboratory, from February 2012 to January 2013. There were three experiments, i.e. I. Effect of seed maturity level on seed viability and vigor (randomized completely block design, 3 seed maturity level, 3 replications); II. Determination of seed critical moisture content, used two methods, i.e. 1) fan drying and 2) air drying (completely randomized design in each drying methods, 3 replications); III. Effect of temperature and period of storage on seed viability and vigor (nested design, first factor was 2 storage temperature and the second factor was 7 storage periods, 3 replications). The result showed that seed physiological maturity achieved in 28 weeks after flowering with morphological criteria were brownish fruit, soft fruit exocarp, brown seed testa; physiological criteria was germination percentage 76-80% and biochemical criteria was carotenoid content 0.62 µmol(g FW)-1. Carotenoid content can be used as biochemical indicator to determine fruit maturity and significantly correlated with moisture content, seed dry weight and germination percentage. Critical moisture content were 8.2-10.9%. These data suggested that seeds could be classified as intermediate. R. trisperma  seeds could be stored for three weeks in temperature 19-28 oC and RH 50-70%, with 12% moisture content used polypropilen plastic bag Keywords: carotenoid, critical moisture content, desiccation, Reutealis trisperma
Co-Authors Dani Dani ENDANG MURNIATI Enny Randriani Eny Widajati Ilham Nur Ardi Wicaksono, Ilham Nur Ardi Rubiyo Rubiyo Syafaruddin Syafaruddin