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All Journal Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Jurnal Abdimas Madani dan Lestari (JAMALI) ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU

Taslim

Departemen Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sumatera Utara

Author-ID : 4065419

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Other

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Synthesis and Characterization of Sodium Silicate Produced from Corncobs as a Heterogeneous Catalyst in Biodiesel Production Alwi Gery Agustan Siregar; Renita Manurung; Taslim Taslim
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.53057

In this study, silica derived from corncobs impregnated with sodium hydroxide to obtain sodium silicate was calcined, prepared, and employed as a solid base catalyst for the conversion of oils to biodiesel. The catalyst was characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) methods. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to characterize the biodiesel products. The optimum catalyst conditions were calcination temperature of 400 °C for 2 h, catalyst loading of 2%, and methanol: oil molar ratio of 12:1 at 60 °C for 60 min, that resulted in a yield of 79.49%. The final product conforms to the selected biodiesel fuel properties of European standard (EN14214) specifications. Calcined corncob-derived sodium silicate showed high potential for use as a low-cost, high-performance, simple-to-prepare solid catalyst for biodiesel synthesis.

PRODUKSI BIODIESEL DARI LEMAK SAPI DENGAN PROSES TRANSESTERIFIKASI DENGAN KATALIS BASA NaOH Ranggita Dwi Nindya Affandi; Toni Rizki Aruan; Taslim; Iriany
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 2 No. 1 (2013): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel commonly produced from vegetable oil or animal fat with methanol through transesterification. Beef tallow was used as a raw material of transesterification to make biodiesel, because the price of beef tallow was driven down by the market and to reduce the pollution to the surrounding. In this research variable observed were reaction temperature, reaction time and amount of catalyst. Transesterification was carried out in a three necked spherical Pyrex vessel equipped with reflux condenser, stirrer and thermometer. In the present investigation an attempt has been made to use beef tallow as low cost sustainable potential feedstock for biodiesel production by single step transesterification process. Under optimal condition, the maximum yield of 95,67 % beef tallow methyl ester was obtained by using 6 : 1 molar ratio of beef tallow to methanol at 50 oC for a reaction time 30 minutes in the presence of 0,8 wt% of NaOH catalyst. The biodiesel properties were comparable to Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The results of this work showed that the use of beef tallow is suitable for feedstock of biodiesel production with low cost.

PENGARUH SUHU REAKSI DAN JUMLAH KATALIS PADA PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI LIMBAH LEMAK SAPI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS HETEROGEN CaO DARI KULIT TELUR AYAM Wendi; Valentinoh Cuaca; Taslim
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 4 No. 1 (2015): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for diesel engines consisting of the alkyl monoesters from vegetable oils or animal fats. Beef tallow waste is the non-edible raw material with low cost production and the availability is huge in the cattle production. The objective of the study was to utilize beef tallow waste for biodiesel production using solid oxide catalyst which derived from the industrial eggshells. The materials calcined with temperature 900oC and time 2 hours, transformed calcium species in the shells into active CaO catalysts.The oil contained high free fatty acid (FFA) content of 1.86%. The FFA content of the oil was reduced by acid-catalyzed esterification. The product from this stage was subjected to produce biodiesel. Transesterification process reacts oil and methanol to produce methyl ester and glycerol. The produced methyl ester on the upper layer was separated from the glycerol and then washed. Effect of various process variables such as amount of catalyst and temperature were investigated. The biodiesel properties like methyl ester content, density, viscosity, and flash point was evaluated and was found to compare well with Indonesian Standard (SNI). Under the best condition, the maximum yield of 82.43% beef tallow methyl ester was obtained by using 9:1 molar ratio of methanol to beef tallow oil at 55oC, for a reaction time 1.5 hours in the presence 3 wt% of CaO catalyst. The results of this work showed that the use of beef tallow is very suitable as low cost feedstock for biodiesel production.

PENGARUH VARIASI VARIABEL REAKSI PADA PROSES EKSTRAKSI REAKTIF MESOKARP SAWIT UNTUK MENGHASILKAN BIODIESEL Pascalis Novalina; Arya Josua S; Taslim; Tjahjono Herawan
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 4 No. 4 (2015): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

The conventional method for the production of biodiesel needed the oil that is extracted from the biomass before it can be transesterified into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). Reactive extraction can be used to produce biodiesel with high-yield, low production costs, reduce the reaction time and the use of reagents and co-solvents, making it easier to produce biodiesel. In this study, reactive extraction applied to produce biodiesel from palm fruit mesocarp extracted using dimethyl carbonate as a solvent and reagents, and novozym®435 as a catalyst. Methanol was replaced by dialkyl carbonates, particularly dimethyl carbonate. Dimethyl carbonate can be used as a solvent and as a reagent, so reactive extraction is very easy to apply. The parameters will be study are reaction temperature (50, 60, and 70 °C), reaction time (8, 16, 24 hours), the molar ratio of reactants (50: 1, 60: 1, 70: 1 n/n ), the concentration of novozym® 435 (5%, 10%, 15% wt).The results showed that the highest biodiesel yield can be achivied at conditions temperature of 60 °C, reaction time 24 hours, molar ratio of reactants palm mesocarp to DMC 1:60, and novozym®435 concentration of 10wt%. The results showed that the synthesis of biodiesel via reactive extraction using palm mesocarp as raw material requires a low production cost.

OPTIMASI PROSES PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI ASAM LEMAK SAWIT DISTILAT (ALSD) DAN DIMETHYL CARBONATE (DMC) MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS NOVOZYM®435 William; Johan Senjaya; Taslim; Tjahjono Herawan; Meta Rivani
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 5 No. 1 (2016): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Biodiesel production has rapidly grown over the last decades, and it has attracted much attention in the market as fuel that promising substitute for petroleum diesel, because its physical and chemical properties and energy content are similar to those of petroleum diesel. The main problem in producing biodiesel is its high cost which could be reduced by use of less expensive feedstock. Therefore, in this work biodiesel is synthesized by enzymatic esterification from low quality feedstock which is unrefined and much cheaper than the refined oil, such as palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) with dialkyl carbonate using immobilized lipase (Novozym®435). Enzymatic process has certain advantages over the chemical process, as it is less energy intensive, allowing the esterification of glycerides with high free fatty acid contents (PFAD, 85-95% FFA) and no enzymatic activity loss. Methanol replaced by dialkyl carbonate, especially DMC due to esterification (methanolysis) is close to equilibrium reaction whereas using DMC the intermediate compound immediately decomposes to carbon dioxide and an alcohol, which have been investigated. Moreover, DMC are cheap, eco-friendly chemical, non-toxic properties and widely available. Factors affecting the reaction such as DMC to PFAD molar ratio, reaction temperature, reaction time and catalyst concentration were systematically analyzed by response surface methodology (RSM) with central composite design (CCD). The optimal condition is using 6:1 molar ratio of DMC to PFAD at 60 oC, for a reaction time 3h in the presence 10wt% of catalyst (based on oil weight). The results showed that synthesis of biodiesel through enzymatic esterification using PFAD suitable for biodiesel production.

EKSTRAKSI MINYAK DARI BIJI KURMA (Phoenix dactylifera L.) DENGAN METODE SOXHLET EXTRACTION DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ETIL ASETAT Taslim; Muhammad Rizky Agung; Sigit Purwanto
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 5 No. 2 (2016): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Date palm seed is one of the waste by-products generated from industrial commodities. Date seed oil can be obtained through solvent extraction using a Soxhlet apparatus. In this experiment, date palm seed was used as raw material with ethyl acetate as the solvent. The experiment was carried out by varying extraction time and the mass ratio of date palm seed to solvent. The highest oil concentration of 9.5% was obtained at date palm seed to solvent mass ratio of 1:6 with extraction time of 2 hours. Peroxide value, iodine value, specific gravity, and free fatty acid content of date seed oil were, consecutively, 0.81 meq/kg oil, 10.15 mg/g, 0.80, and 0.52%. The highest fatty acid composition of date seed oil was oleic acid at 37.22% followed by lauric acid at 19.36%.

POTENSI ZEOLIT ALAM DAN CaO DARI CANGKANG TELUR AYAM SEBAGAI KATALIS DALAM PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI TREATED WASTE COOKING OIL Taslim; Meilia; Nike Taruna
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 5 No. 4 (2016): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for diesel engines which is produced from either vegetable oils or animal fats. Treated Waste Cooking Oil (TWCO) was the pretreated WCO using activated carbon to reduce the high content of free fatty acid (FFA). The objective of this study was to discover the potential of catalyst which was the mixture of natural zeolite and CaO derived from the chicken eggshells in producing biodiesel with TWCO as feedstock. Chicken eggshells were calcined at the temperature of 1000 oC for 2 hours. Effect of using the catalyst, natural zeolite and CaO, was investigated in this study. The properties of biodiesel such as methyl ester content, density, kinematic viscosity and flash point were evaluated and compared to the Indonesian Standard (SNI). In this study, the biodiesel yield for catalyst of natural zeolite, CaO, and mixture of both were 7,28%; 51,17%; and 87,40% respectively. The biodiesel produced in this study was comparable to the SNI standard and that the addition of natural zeolite could enhance the catalytic activity. Therefore, it is highly potential as low-cost catalyst in producing biodiesel.

PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK DEDAK PADI DENGAN REAKSI TRANSESTERIFIKASI MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS HETEROGEN ZEOLIT ALAM YANG DIMODIFIKASI DENGAN KOH Taslim; Sri Zahrani Dwi Mauliyah Parinduri; Putri Retno Wahyu Ningsih
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 6 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Biodiesel was usually produced from transesterification using alchohol. In this research rice bran oil was used as feedstock and methanol was used as reagent. The transesterification of rice bran oil had studied using KOH/natural zeolite as a solid heterogeneous catalyst. The objective of this study was to discover the effectivess of using natural zeolite modified by KOH as heterogeneous catalysts in the production of biodiesel from rice bran oil (RBO). KOH/natural zeolite catalyst was prepared by modification through impregnation method which was conducted on various KOH concentration (75 gram/100 ml – 175 gram/100 ml). Transesterification reaction was conducted at 60 ºC, 500 rpm, and various amount of catalyst (2-4%), reaction time (1,5-3,5 hour) and molar ratio alcohol/oil (8:1-12:1). The highest yield of biodiesel was 98,71%, which was obtained by using 2% catalyst, reaction time 2 hour, molar ratio alcohol/oil 10:1. Natural zeolite as heterogeneous catalyst which modified by KOH could get the higher yield biodiesel on transesterification.

BIOBRIQUETTE PRODUCTION FROM PALM FRONDS AND SHELLS: EFFECT OF MATERIAL COMPOSITION AND PARTICLE SIZE Okta Bani; Iriany; Taslim; Cici Novita Sari; Cindy Carnella
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 7 No. 1 (2018): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Briquettes are solid fuels from organic materials with high calorific values and burn duration. The composition and particle size of the raw material may affect briquette quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of composition and particle size on calorific value and characteristics of the resulting briquettes. In this study, briquettes were made using palm oil fronds and shells at mass ratio of 1:2, 1:4, 1:6, 1:8 and particle size of not-dertemined, 50, 70, and 100 mesh. First, raw material was carbonized at 450°C for 30 minutes then added to 20%wt. starch glue and waste oil (1:1 ratio). Resulting briquettes were analyzed for its water content, ash content, density, volatile matter content, fixed carbon content, combustion rate, calorific value, and compressive strength. Satisfying results were obtained for briquettes with a front to shell ratio of 1:8, and a particle size of 100 mesh. At this condition, the resulting briquettes have water content of 5.5%; ash content of 2.54%; density of 0.51 g/cm3; 19.58% vapor content; fixed carbon content of 72.38%; combustion rate of 0.2 g/min (3.4×10-3 g/sec); calorific value of 15.3 kcal/g; and compressive strength of 0.06 N/mm2. These results have complied with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI), Japanese, American, and English standards, except for briquette compressive strength, which have not met the industrial standard.

HIDROLISIS SELULOSA MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS KARBON TERSULFONASI BERBASIS CANGKANG KEMIRI Dian Halimah Batubara; Taslim; Seri Maulina; Iriany
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 7 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica) contains cellulose which is convertible to glucose through hydrolysis by using inorganic liquid acid catalyst. However, the use of such catalyst leads to corrosion problem, environment pollution, and complex separation. To overcome this problem, a sulfonated carbon catalyst was proposed. This study aimed to evaluate candlenut shell as carbon source for catalyst support in sulfonated carbon catalyst, and its application in cellulose hydrolysis. Candlenut shell was carbonized at 300-550oC for 4 h. Resulting carbon was sulfonated at 120-150oC for 6 h. Sulfonated carbon was assessed for its H+ capacity/acidity. The carbon with highest acidity was applied as solid acid catalyst in cogon grass hydrolysis. Resulting glucose was analyzed by dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method. Results suggest that sulfonated carbon from candlenut shell can be utilized as heterogeneous catalyst in cogon grass hydrolysis.

Co-Authors Al Fath, Muhammad Thoriq Alamsyah, Vandria Alwi Gery Agustan Siregar Arya Josua S Bambang Trisakti Berta, Grace Adela Berutu, Aidha Sekar Cici Novita Sari Cindy Carnella Dalimunthe, Nisaul Fadilah Dian Halimah Batubara Elisabet Aprilyanti Farah Nurul Alifia Farida Hanum Husin, Fahrizal Iriany Irvan Irvan Johan Senjaya M. Thoriq Al Fath Mahd. Sabri Takriff Meilia Meta Rivani Mohd Sabri Takriff Mohd Sobri Takriff Muhammad Hendra S Ginting Muhammad Rizky Agung Nike Taruna Okta Bani Panjaitan, Maychel Yohana Pascalis Novalina Pratama, Deska Rizki Putri Retno Wahyu Ningsih Ranggita Dwi Nindya Affandi Rasyid, Nashfin Nazli Renita Manurung Seri Maulina Sidabutar, Rivaldi Sigit Purwanto Sinabang, Juwita Lestari Sitepu, Rafael Aginta Sri Zahrani Dwi Mauliyah Parinduri Sulastri Dewanti Tjahjono Herawan Toni Rizki Aruan Valentinoh Cuaca Wendi William

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