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STUDI IDENTIFIKASI KEBERADAAN Escherichia coli PADA AIR CUCIAN DAN MAKANAN KETOPRAK DI KAWASAN KAMPUS UNDIP TEMBALANG Chintya Pangestika; Yusniar Hanani Darundiati; Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 4, No 3 (2016): MEI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

The dishwater used by ketoprak traders in the area of UNDIP campus Tembalang is not qualified physically. In this situation, it will have an impact on the quality of the food produced. This study aimed to identify the existence of Escherichia coli in dishwater used to wash utensils and the ketoprak food. The type of this study is observational with cross sectional design. The population in this research is 11 dishwater and 11 ketoprak food. The sample in this study used the total population. The analysis applied cross tabulation. The sanitary conditions of the dishwater is not good and positive existence of E.coli in dishwater by 8 as many as (88,9%). Washing techniques that are less good and positive existence of E.coli in dishwater as many as 2 traders (100%). The sanitary conditions of the dishwater is not good and positive existence of E.coli in ketoprak food as many as 9 traders (100%). Washing techniques that are less good and positive existence of E.coli in ketoprak as many as 2 traders (100%).The sanitary conditions of cutlery were poor and positive existence of E. coli in ketoprak food as many as 9 traders (90%). Storage of food which has been treated poorly and positive existence of E. coli in ketoprak food as many as 7 traders (100%). Personal hygiene handlers are less and positive the existence of E. coli in ketoprak food as many as 6 traders (100%). The conclusion of this study is the quality of the dishwater and ketoprak food in the area of UNDIP Campus Tembalang is not eligible.

PENGARUH VARIASI KONSENTRASI AIR JERUK NIPIS (Citrus aurantifolia) DALAM MENURUNKAN KADAR KADMIUM (Cd) PADA DAGING KERANG DARAH (Anadara granosa) Silvia Nurvita; Nurjazuli Nurjazuli; Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 3, No 3 (2015): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

Blood clams many consumed by Semarang’s community. Blood clams can accumulate metals in the body because its accumulated and filter feeder. Blood clams in Gayamsari’s Semarang market containing cadmium of 0.695 ppm, the level exceeds the threshold of the ILO / WHO is 0.1 ppm. This research to reduce cadmium in blood cockle using lime water. The aim of research was to determine the effect of variation lime water (Citrus aurantifolia) concentrations in reducing the levels of cadmium (Cd) in blood cockle meat (Anadara granosa). This type of research was quasi exsperiment using non randomized pretest posttest control group design. Sample population were blood clams from Gayamsari’s Semarang market. The research sample as many as 30, with 5 repetitions, 5 treatment with lime water variation of 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%. Data analysis used normality test of Shapiro – Wilk, Kruskal – Wallis and Mann – Whitney The results showed decreased levels of cadmium from 0.695 ppm to 0.278 ppm (59.80%). Kruskal-Wallis test results demonstrate the value of p = 0.000 (p <0.05) means that there is a significant difference between the variations in the concentration of lime water with the levels of cadmium in blood clams meat. Based on the Mann – Whitney, concentrations of lime water is most effective to reduce levels of cadmium (Cd) in the blood cockle meat is 70%. Variations of lime water concentration of proved influential in reducing levels of cadmium in blood cockle meat (Anadara granosa).

HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN HYGIENE DENGAN KEBERADAAN Escherichia coli PADA JAMU TRADISIONAL (BERAS KENCUR) DI MANGKANG SEMARANG Purnomo Purnomo; Tri Joko; Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 4, No 5 (2016): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

Traditional herbal medicine is one product of home industry, the manufacturing process is often less attention to sanitation and Higiene. Behavior seller and manufacturer of traditional herbal medicine in treating herbal medicine is still less attention to hygiene factors, as the indicator is still the existence of microbial contamination in carrying medicinal. Detection Escherichiacoli in carrying medicinal in 10 (ten) market in Semarang stated that of the 40 (forty) samples carrying medicinal examined 22 (twenty two) samples contaminated with bacteria Escherichia coli, four (4) samples are not contaminated and 14 (fourteen) samples were contaminated with bacteria. To study was to analyze the correlation between knowledge of hygiene and identification of the presence of Escherichia coli, describing the characteristics of the respondent, processing, quality of water, personal hygiene, hygiene knowledge level, identification of Escherichia coli in traditional herbal rice kencur. The method used is observational with cross sectional approach. The results obtained from 20 respondents obtained a good knowledge level results 12 (60%), lack of knowledge 8 (40%), the presence of Escherichia coli positive 8 (40%), negative 12 (60%). The level of knowledge badly contaminated with Escherichia coli as much as 6 samples, while the level of knowledge of both the contaminated Escherichia coli 2 samples. The results of the statistical test using chi square p value of 0.009 means that there is a correlation between the level of hygiene knowledge of traditional herbalist with the presence of Escherichia coli in herbal rice kencur.In conclusion the level of knowledge of good hygiene as many as 12 people (60%), lack of knowledge level of 8 people (40%). A total of 40% of traditional herbal rice kencur experience microbes Escherichia coli contamination. There is a relationship with the level of hygiene knowledge of the existence of Escherichia coli in herbal rice kencur (p value = 0.009)

ANALISIS RISIKO KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN PENCEMARAN NITRAT (NO3) PADA AIR SUMUR GALI DI KAWASAN PERTANIAN DESA TUMPUKAN KECAMATAN KARANGDOWO KABUPATEN KLATEN Sinta Nugraheni Dewi; Tri Joko; Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 4, No 5 (2016): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

In amount of 67.69% Tumpukan village is an agricultural area where has been contribute nitrate in the groundwater through fertilization activity. The use of urea fertilizer in Indonesia 400-600 kg urea / ha, it exceeds the government's recommendation (200-260 kg urea / ha). The aims of this research is to determine the risk level of exposure nitrate in Tumpukan Village. The research uses a descriptive observational with design study cross sectional and field study ARKL approach. The analysis of data use ARKL method (hazard identification, dose-response analysis, exposure analysis and risk characteristics). The object of population is all wells in the Tumpukan village and the subjects of population are people who use wells for drinking water . The sample object of research is 16 wells were used as sources of drinking water with a distance <50 meters from the area of agriculture and the sample subjects were 89 respondents who use the sample object as sources of drinking water. The results showed an average weight, rate, nitrate's concentration is 52.59 kg and 1.89 liter, 21,26 mg/L. There are nine respondents (10.1%) which have RQ> 1. The conclusion is the risk of nitrate exposure in Tumpukan village is quite low (10.1% of research subjects who are at risk of health problems noncarcinogenic), the risk will appear in the next 10 years for children and 52 years for Adult. The suggestions are farmers can fertilize with organic and inorganic N fertilizer in a balanced way and conducted with the dose and the right time.

ANALISIS RISIKO KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN PAPARAN NITROGEN DIOKSIDA (NO2) PADA PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA DI TERMINAL PULOGADUNG JAKARTA TIMUR Annisa Amaliana; Yusniar Hanani Darundiati; Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 4, No 4 (2016): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

Pulogadung bus station is one terminal with a solid transport activity and potentially contribute a lot of air pollution. Motorized transport will produce a variety of gases including NO2 which can cause bad effect on health for example respiratory problems, throat irritation and eye irritation, especially for street vendors who almost 24 hours in the bus station.The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk of exposure to NO2 in Pulogadung Bus Station to transportation activities. The design study is an cross sectional approach of Environmental Health Risk Assessment (ARKL). The population of subject is140 street vendors in Pulogadung Bus Station and a population of object is ambient air in Pulogadung Bus Station. Sample subjects were 60 vendors in Pulogadung Terminal and sample objects the ambient air at four points around the Pulogadung Bus Station. Analysis of data using the steps in ARKL namely hazard identification, dose-response analysis, exposure analysis and risk characteristics.The results showed an average of NO2 concentration measurement results in Pulogadung Terminal in East Jakarta is 0.07141 mg / m3. While the average weight of street vendors in Pulogadung terminal in East Jakarta is 58.32 kg, with an average daily exposure time street vendors is 13 hours per day, the average frequency of exposure per year is 329 days per year and the average duration of exposure street vendors is 15 years old. The conclusion is the concentration of NO2 in Pulogadung Terminal is still below the quality standards established and the average exposure in real time and lifetime of street vendors in Pulogadung Bus Station is still under 1 and otherwise still safe. The calculation of risk estimates in Pulogadung Terminal vendors be at risk of non-cancer due to exposure to NO2 in the next 40 years. The suggestions in this study is street vendor should using PPE when working and reducing working hours.

HUBUNGAN RIWAYAT PAJANAN PESTISIDA DENGAN KEJADIAN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 PADA PETANI PENYEMPROT DI KECAMATAN NGABLAK KABUPATEN MAGELANG Eunike Galuh Saputri; Onny Setiani; Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 6, No 1 (2018): JANUARI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a chronic metabolic disorder disease caused by the pancreas that cannot produce enough insulin hormone or the body cannot use the existing insulin. The presence of endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC), a harmful chemical substance in the environment can cause disease and dysfunction with the natural action hormone in the human body. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Magelang Regency is 7.93% and make it as the highest prevalence in Central Java. This matter can cause exposure of EDC that exist in pesticide used by farmers there. The purpose of this research is to analyze the relation of history of pesticide exposure with mellitus type 2 incidents at sprayer farmer in District Ngablak, Magelang regency. This research conducted with analytical method and case control approach. The subjects were divided into two groups: case and control groups with 32 subjects in each group. The variables studied in this research are pesticide mixture type, pesticide dosage, pesticide spraying frequency, use of PPE (personal protective equipment), pesticide storage location, hand scratching habits, and years of service. The data collection is done by interview, observation, and measurement. The data analysis using univariate and bivariate analysis with chi square. The results showed that the variables associated with the incidence of diabetes mellitus type 2 was the working period, pesticide spraying frequency, use of PPE, and pesticide dosage with p value < 0,05. There is a significant relationship between the work periods, pesticide spraying frequency, use of PPE, and pesticide dosage with the incidence of diabetes mellitus type 2 as the result of the research. Expected for the farmer later when do the agricultural activities, they can use PPE (personal protective equipment) and use pesticides according to the recommended dosage.

PERBEDAAN KADAR TIMBAL (Pb) DALAM DARAH BERDASARKAN JENIS PEKERJAAN PADA PEKERJA INDUSTRI PENGECORAN LOGAM DI CV. BONJOR JAYA, CEPER, KLATEN Vifta Dian Lestari; Onny Setiani; Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 3, No 3 (2015): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

Metal foundry industry workers is one of the people who are at risk of lead exposure as the effect of air pollution by lead in workplace. These workers are exposed to lead every day as a result of their activities likes melting, stamping, and finishing process at this industry. The aim of the research is to know the difference about blood lead level in workers at the melting section, stamping section and finishing section in CV. Bonjor Jaya, Ceper, Klaten. This observational research with a cross sectional approach. The population is 34 workers in CV. Bonjor Jaya and 31 sample selected by purposive sampling method. Data analysis is done by using Krusskal Wallis test with significance value 5%. Result showed that air lead levels in each section are 0,208 mg/Nm3(melting), 0,212 mg/Nm3(stamping) and 0,037 mg/Nm3(finishing) as well as the average of blood lead level in workers at the each section are 15,97 µg/l (melting), 18,10 µg/l (stamping) and 10,54 µg/l (finishing). Based on statistic analysis was known that p value = 0,320 with α 0,05, this result show that there is no significant difference of blood lead level based on type of work in metal foundry workers in CV. Bonjor Jaya, Ceper, Klaten. Based on this research concluded that average of blood lead level on workers are above normal (CDC=10 μg/dl). Suggestion for metal foundry industry workers to always use a standard mask to reducing lead exposure in the body.

ANALISIS RISIKO KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN PAPARAN SULFUR DIOKSIDA (SO2) UDARA AMBIEN PADA PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA DI TERMINAL BUS PULOGADUNG, JAKARTA TIMUR Kunti Wijiarti; Yusniar Hanani Darundiati; Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 4, No 4 (2016): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

The contribution of air pollution in urban areas around 87% comes from transportation activities. Pulogadung Bus Station in East Jakarta is one of the potential sites in pollution emissions of SO2 gas. Street vendors are the population most at risk for contamination of vehicle exhaust gases. The purpose of this research was analyze the level of non-carcinogenic health risks of exposure to SO2 against street vendors at Pulogadung Bus Station due to transportation activities. This research used observational research with approach Environmental Health Risk Assessment. The population in this research was 140 street vendors at Pulogadung Bus Station with a sample of 60 street vendors. SO2 measurements performed by pararosanilin method using a spectrophotometer. The results showed the average concentration of SO2 at Pulogadung Bus Station was 133,78 ug/m3 which means it is still well below the standards set by the Governor Decree No. 551 of 2001. The average weight of respondents 58 kg, the average daily exposure time 13 hours/day, the average frequency of exposure 329 days/year and the average duration of exposure for 15 years. The average intake of SO2 real time is 0.01461 mg/kg/day and intake life time is 0.02412 mg/kg/day. The average RQ in real time exposure is 0.5619 mg/kg/day and the life time of exposure is 0.9278 mg/kg/day. Characteristics of non-carcinogenic health risks of exposure to SO2 on street vendors at Pulogadung Bus Station in East Jakarta indicate that as many as 13 street vendors (21.67%) exposure in real time and 19 street vendors (31.67%) in the life time risk exposure resulting from exposure to SO2. The conclusion of this study is street vendors in Pulogadung Bus Station have categories yet non carcinogenic health risk by exposure to SO2.

ANALISIS PENCEMARAN LOGAM BERAT TIMBAL DI BADAN SUNGAI BABON KECAMATAN GENUK SEMARANG Putri Budiastuti; Mursid Rahadjo; Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 4, No 5 (2016): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

Babon River is a river that flows in the Genuk industries region and has decreased water quality due to contaminated residential waste and industrial waste. The industry includes coal heap, garment industry, leather tanning industry, light brick industry, plastic industry, and industrial ice cubes. This research aims to determine the lead content in the sediments and biota Sulcospira testudinaria along the Babon river from the mouth to the dam of Pucang Gading. This research was a descriptive observational research with quantitative approach. The results of supporting variable are water temperature 260C-280C, water pH 6, dissolved oxygen 2,2 mg/l – 3,6 mg/l, the salinity of fresh water from 0,20/00 – 0,60/00, Salinity brackish water 300/00 reseacrh sites. Analysis of water quality data is using Pollution Index. The result of using AAS is obtained levels of lead sediments in Babon river is the highest for 7,256 mg/kg and the lowest is 4,170 mg/kg. Levels of lead heavy metals Sulcospira testudinaria biota is the highest 2,403 mg/kg and the lowest is 1,8 mg/kg. The pollution index was lightly polluted with the amount of 1,96 which was the highest in Penggaron Kidul and the lowest is 1,13 in border between Banjardowo and Trimulyo. It can be concluded lead in sediments does not exceed the quality standards Sediment Quality Guideline 2003, while levels of lead heavy metals Sulcospira testudinaria biota has exceeded food quality standard SNI 7387:2009.

HUBUNGAN MASA KERJA TERHADAP GANGGUAN FUNGSI PARU PADA PETUGAS PENYAPU JALAN DI PROTOKOL 3, 4 DAN 6 KOTA SEMARANG Riska Wulandari; Onny Setiani; Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 3, No 3 (2015): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

Transportation activities contributed significantly to air pollution, one of which was a parameter of dust. Workers were exposed to dust in the work environment can lead to accumulation of dust particles in the lungs. Officers street sweeper was a high-risk workers exposed to dust while working, especially in Protocol 3, 4 and 6 of Semarang where approaching the location of the measurement sample ambient air quality that exceeds the threshold value. The purpose of this study was the relationship working duration against lung function disorder on a street sweeper in Protocol 3, 4 and 6 Semarang. This type of research was observational research with cross sectional approach. The population was Street Sweeper in Protocol 3, 4 and 6 of Semarang, amounting to 61 people with a sample of 38 people with purposive sampling method. Results of univariate analysis found an average of forced vital capacity (FVC%) of 84.515%, the average forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1%) of 82.875% and an average of 90.230%. Bivariate analysis of the relationship between the working duration and lung function disorder used Chi Square test show p-value of 0,034 (PR = 4.371; 95% CI = 1.074 to 17.79). The conclusion was significant association between the work duration and lung function disorder on street sweeper in a street sweeper in Protocol 3, 4 and 6 Semarang. The Suggestions in this study is expected to be a consideration for the relevant agencies in general and the Cleanliness and Landscaping Departement can be used as a reference for the implementation of programs related to the effects of exposure to dust on the street sweeper.

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