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All Journal Gadjah Mada Journal of Psychology International Research Journal of Business Studies (E-Journal) Insight : Jurnal Pemikiran dan Penelitian Psikologi Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Sosial Insight: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Personifikasi: Jurnal Ilmu Psikologi Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Jurnal Psikologi: Indonesian Journal of Psychology International Research Journal of Business Studies
Utama, Johanes Seno Aditya
Faculty Of Psychology, Atma Jaya Catholic University Of Indonesia
Humanities Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences

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A Psycho-Spiritual Transformation in COVID-19 Crisis Narratives: A Comparative Study in Indonesia and Pakistan Prakosa, Heru; Widyarini, Nurlaela; Utama, Johanes Seno Aditya; Carlos, Juan
Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 30, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Although the COVID-19 pandemic ended as a global health emergency, its psychosocial legacy persists in many communities. This study examines how religion and spirituality support recovery in Indonesia and Pakistan by shaping crisis narratives. Faith-based language is treated as psychosocial data and interpreted through its functions in meaning-making, emotion regulation, social connection, value anchoring, and action commitment using Psycho-Spiritual Transformation (PST) as a guiding framework. Open-ended responses were collected from 274 participants via an online survey in July 2021 (Indonesia n = 236; Pakistan n = 38). Across both contexts, narratives typically moved from pressure and inner conflict toward spiritual and relational reassurance and then toward renewed ethical orientation and practical commitments, including prosocial intentions and health-protective behaviors. The overall pattern was broadly similar across these two countries, indicating a shared faith-based meaning reconstruction grammar in highly religious societies. However, the Indonesian narratives more often combined diverse coping elements and translated faith into practical commitments, whereas the Pakistani narratives more strongly emphasized spiritual and relational reassurance. The findings highlight PST as a useful lens for distinguishing supportive faith discourse from forms of resignation that may hinder adaptive coping.
The Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique (ZMET) in qualitative research: a systematic review of its use for exploring the subconscious mind J. Seno Aditya Utama; Nurlaela Widyarini
Insight: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Vol. 27 No. 2 (2025): AUGUST 2025
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26486/psikologi.v27i2.4505

Abstract

The Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique (ZMET) is a qualitative research method employed to elicit individuals' subconscious thoughts, feelings, and experiences by exploring metaphors. This systematic review, encompassing 47 studies published between 2019 and 2023, demonstrates that ZMET is frequently utilised within marketing and tourism, focusing primarily on perception, experience, and meaning. Principal findings indicate that the modifications to Storytelling and Missed Images are the most commonly implemented, whilst combinations with in-depth interviews and grounded theory are prevalent. Thematic analysis identified five principal themes: experience and emotion, meaning and perception, identity and self, values and beliefs, and decision-making. ZMET effectively investigated these themes, particularly within contexts involving complex emotions and experiences. This review concludes that ZMET remains a relevant and adaptable method within qualitative research. Its core strength lies in its capacity to uncover hidden layers of meaning, whilst its weaknesses pertain to analytical complexity and potential subjectivity. Implications and recommendations for best practice, including the necessity for meticulous planning, comprehensive interviewer training, and robust data triangulation, are also discussed concerning the future development and application of ZMET.
Co-Authors Aritonang, Nidya Boni Vita Carlos, Juan Heru Prakosa, Heru Nurlaela Widyarini Widyarini, Nurlaela