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Rancang Bangun dan Studi Eksperimental Pengaruh Perbedaan Jarak Pitch dan Kemiringan Poros terhadap Kinerja Mekanik Model Turbin Ulir 2 Blade Pada Aliran Head Rendah Yul Hizhar; Bambang Yulistianto; Suryo Darmo
METAL: Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal Vol 1, No 1 (2017): Volume 1, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Andalas

Screw turbine uses low head and high flow rate of water to generate rotation speed. Screw turbine has many advantages such as simple in construction and installation, low cost in operating and maintenance, and fish-friendly. The influencing parameters to mechanics performance of screw turbine are pitch distance and the shaft slope. The purposes of this research are to design 2-blades screw turbine model and to test the influence of pitch distance variation and shaft slope to mechanics performance in laboratory. This research used experimental method which each of screw turbine model with pitch of 2Ro, 1.6Ro, and 1.2Ro were tested in variation of shaft slope of 25˚, 30˚, 35˚, 40˚, and 45˚. The water flow rate was 0.00728 m3/s. The data was acquisitioned at Hydraulics Laboratory Civil Diploma Universitas Gadjah Mada. The result of testing without load showed that screw turbine model pitch of 2Ro had the higher rotation speed than pitch of 1.6Ro and 1.2Ro which the highest rotation speed was 255 rpm at shaft slope of 35˚. The result of testing with load showed that each turbine produced the highest rotation speed and output power at the shaft slope of 35°, meanwhile the highest efficiency was produced at the shaft slope of 25°. The result of research showed that generally screw turbine model pitch of 2Ro produced the higher mechanics performance (output power and efficiency) than pitch of 1.6Ro and 1.2Ro. At the shaft slope of 25°, pitch 2Ro produced power 15.89 W and efficiency 73.08% (the highest), meanwhile at the shaft slope of 35°, pitch 2Ro produced power 18.51 W (the highest) and efficiency 66.16%. These efficiencies result difference were caused by the influence of the difference of hydropower (input power) at the variations of the shaft slopes.

Kaji eksperimental pengaruh debit dan kemiringan poros terhadap daya mekanik prototype turbin ulir tipe AH-01 dan AH-02 Adly Havendri; Yul Hizhar; Oding Syamiro Perdana
METAL: Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal Vol 5, No 1 (2021): Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal (METAL)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Andalas

The potential for renewable energy sources in Indonesia is rich enough to be used as an alternative energy source. The availability of hydro energy potential can be developed into a Mini Hydro Power Plant. One type of turbine that has been developed is the Archimedean turbine which is capable of utilizing low headwater sources. The AH-01 and AH-02 screw turbine prototypes have been made at Andalas University and testing was necessary to determine the optimal discharge for mechanical performance. Testing of the screw turbine prototype type AH-01 (screw angle 23°) and AH-02 (screw angle 26°) was carried out by varying the flow rate and shaft angle for the two types of screw turbine prototypes to determine mechanical performance and efficiency of the turbines. The test results show that the AH-02 screw turbine prototype has higher mechanical power than the AH-01 screw turbine prototype. The maximum mechanical power of each AH-01 and AH-02 screw turbine prototype is 5.77 and 7.54 Watts at a flow rate of 0.00139 m3/s.

Desain Sistem Vakum untuk Mendinginkan Ruang Transformator Benny Dwika Leonanda; Yul Hizhar; Firman Ridwan; Diki Zuhury
METAL: Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal Vol 6, No 1 (2022): Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal (METAL)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Andalas

An analysis has been carried out on designing a 60 MVA 150 kV transformer cooling chamber vacuum system. The transformer cooling chamber is vacuumed up to a pressure of 0.001 kPa. This is done to avoid the formation of gas bubbles, avoid condensation and sterilize the transformer chamber before filling the coolant. Therefore, we need a vacuum pump and other equipment called a vacuum system. The analysis of the vacuum system includes the work required by the system, vacuum time, and electrical energy. The design wllii uses a rotary pump and a root pump by varying the number of pumps with two, three, and four pumps. The results of the analysis show that the work that must be done by the design is the largest and the vacuum time is the least in the design that uses 2 pumps with a value of 2860.38 Kj and 39.31 hours. While the effective electrical energy is found in a design that uses 3 pumps. It can be concluded that an effective design is found in the design using 3 pumps. From the tests carried out in the field for the design of 3 pumps there is a difference of 5.3 hours and 38.31 kWh compared to the theoretical test.

Metode Peningkatan Ketahanan Retak Resin Polyester Terhadap Penambahan Serat Sekam Padi Yul Hizhar; Nusyirwan Nusyirwan
Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol 16 No 1 (2023): Jurnal Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30630/jtm.16.1.1097

Polymer materials have been widely developed as alternative materials to replace metal materials due to various advantages such as having low density and an easy manufacturing process. Still, polymers have many disadvantages, including not having high mechanical strength, easy to crack when hit by impact. One of the materials studied is an unsaturated polyester polymer widely used for composite matrices in vehicle structural components, aircraft and ship bodies, and vehicle components. One of the studied fibers is rice husk particle fiber. The study of cracks is essential because it causes the material to no longer be able to support the load according to the previous plan and causes failure to occur more quickly. One way to overcome material failure due to cracks in the composite material is to prevent crack propagation by adding reinforcing material. In this study, a composite material was made using rice husk fiber to increase the crack resistance of the polyester composite matrix. From the results of crack testing, there is a tendency to increase the percentage of rice husks by 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. The value expected to be obtained for determining the crack resistance of the material is the value of the stress intensity factor (K1). The most significant K1 value was obtained at a 15% rice husk percentage variable of 1,558 MPa.m0.5. This price could increase the value of the pure polyester stress intensity factor K1 by 0.667 MPa.m0.5, indicating an increase of 233.58%.

METODE PENINGKATAN KETAHANAN RETAK RESIN POLYESTER DENGAN PENAMBAHAN PROSENTASE VINYL ESTER Nusyirwan, Nusyirwan; Hizhar, Yul; Malik , Adam
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol. 15 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jrm.v15i3.1436

In previous studies, hybrid crash boxes have been developed because it show better energy absorption characteristics. Circular hybrid crash box combine the advantages of low-density of composite with stable deformation of metal provide a potential energy absorption device. Tests were carried out experimentally and iumerically under frontal load. This study aims to determine the energy absorption characteristics of two different configuration of hybrid material compositions using Aluminum Alloy 6063 and T300-epoxy Carbon Fiber composites. Present two typical configurational schemes, namely Al-Ko (i.e. a metal outer tube internally filled with an inner carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) tube) and Ko-Al (i.e. an outer composite tube internally filled with an inner metal tube). Composite layups arrangement with fiber orientation direction [0,90]10. First, the simulation models were developed and validated by comparing the damage modes and crashworthiness indictors with the dedicated experimental study. Second, the interactive effects of different configuration hybrid tubes were investigated by analyzing the discrepancies in the deformation pattern and internal energy absorption of each material through the validated simulation models. The test results show that the greatest energy absorption occurs in the Al-Ko model of 7401.4 J. This hybrid crash box has an energy absorption value of 11% greater compared to the sum of the energy absorption of aluminum tubes (3746.5 J) and composite tubes (2923.4 J).

Studi Pembuatan Material Komposit Tahan Lentur dari Serat Ampas Tebu yang Digiling Halus untuk Komponen Automotif Nusyirwan, Nusyirwan; Hizhar, Yul; Malik, Adam
Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi Vol 8, No 1: Januari 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik UMSU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/rmme.v8i1.21870

Composite material is one of the materials widely used in the field of construction engineering as a candidate for replacing metal materials. The advantages of this material include its low mass, ease of shape, and moisture resistance. However, this material still has many disadvantages, including low bending stress and easy to crack. Utilisation of waste materials such as bagasse which is worthless is one of the things that is very valuable, in this study we use it to be utilized as a high-value composite material to be used as the main material for making composite polymer materials in the field of engineering such as vehicles and ship hulls. In this study, we studied the flexural strength of composite materials from finely ground sugarcane fibre. From the test results, it is known that the flexural strength of the test material shows an increase in the variable of adding finely ground sugarcane fibre, the flexural strength increases from 10% to 20%, and after 20% the flexural stress value tends to decrease. The maximum flexural stress value was obtained with a mixture of finely ground sugarcane fibre with a percentage of 20% with a flexural stress value of 102.32 MPa, this value can increase the maximum flexural stress value of pure polyester by 42.52 MPa, showing an increase of 249.63%.

METODE PENINGKATAN KETAHANAN RETAK RESIN POLYESTER DENGAN PENAMBAHAN PROSENTASE VINYL ESTER Nusyirwan, Nusyirwan; Hizhar, Yul; Malik , Adam
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol. 15 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jrm.v15i3.1436

In previous studies, hybrid crash boxes have been developed because it show better energy absorption characteristics. Circular hybrid crash box combine the advantages of low-density of composite with stable deformation of metal provide a potential energy absorption device. Tests were carried out experimentally and iumerically under frontal load. This study aims to determine the energy absorption characteristics of two different configuration of hybrid material compositions using Aluminum Alloy 6063 and T300-epoxy Carbon Fiber composites. Present two typical configurational schemes, namely Al-Ko (i.e. a metal outer tube internally filled with an inner carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) tube) and Ko-Al (i.e. an outer composite tube internally filled with an inner metal tube). Composite layups arrangement with fiber orientation direction [0,90]10. First, the simulation models were developed and validated by comparing the damage modes and crashworthiness indictors with the dedicated experimental study. Second, the interactive effects of different configuration hybrid tubes were investigated by analyzing the discrepancies in the deformation pattern and internal energy absorption of each material through the validated simulation models. The test results show that the greatest energy absorption occurs in the Al-Ko model of 7401.4 J. This hybrid crash box has an energy absorption value of 11% greater compared to the sum of the energy absorption of aluminum tubes (3746.5 J) and composite tubes (2923.4 J).

Study of Improved Crack Toughness of Unsaturated Polymers with Rice Husk Fiber and Sago Flour as Strengthening Materials Nusyirwan, Nusyirwan; Hizhar, Yul; Malik, Adam
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 21, No 5 (2023): October
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v21i5.3375

The development of environmentally friendly composites from natural fibers is an absolute thing to do to replace non-degradable synthetic composites. Some of the weaknesses of natural fiber composites are low mechanical strength, ease of cracking, no moisture resistance, and high-temperature resistance. One of the things that has been done is to make a combination of synthetic materials as a matrix derived from unsaturated polyester reinforced with natural fibers from crushed rice husk particles and starch from sago flour which is used to reduce the percentage of synthetic materials to be able to form composites that are easily decomposed. From the research, it was found that the strength of crack resistance could be increased with a mixture of polyester reinforced with rice husk fiber and sago flour, obtaining an increase in crack resistance strength until the addition of rice husk with a percentage of 15%. While increasing the RH content above 15%, the crack strength value decreases due to the saturation of the RH molecules in the UP which is no longer bound to the UP molecules. The highest crack strength values occurred for the addition of the percentage of RH and SS to the UP material with the addition of 5% SS, which obtained a cracking force of 550 N while the strength of pure polyester was only 37 N. This shows that RH and SS materials can bond with UP molecules and some molecules of RH and SS can prevent cross-linking of polyester molecules. Meanwhile, the addition of SS up to 10% decreases the fracture force obtained, indicating that not all of the sago starch can bind to the polyester molecules.

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