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All Journal CAKRA KIMIA (Indonesian E-Journal of Applied Chemistry) Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia (JPKim)
I Putu Mahendra
Program Studi Kimia, Jurusan Sains, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung Selatan 35365, Indonesia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Environmental Science

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PEMANFAATAN POLIPLEKS KHITOSAN-pDNA DALAM TRANSFORMASI SEL Escherechia coli I Putu Mahendra; I Nengah Wirajana; James Sibarani
CAKRA KIMIA (Indonesian E-Journal of Applied Chemistry) Vol 2 No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Magister Program of Applied Chemistry, Udayana University, Bali-INDONESIA

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ABSTRAK: Penelitian berkaitan dengan pemanfaatan khitosan sebagai pelindung DNA plasmid (pDNA) dalam proses transformasi sel pada sel inang Escherechia coli telah dilakukan yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh polipleks yang stabil dan untuk mengetahui dapat atau tidaknya diperoleh sel transforman dengan menggunakan polipleks. Penelitian ini diawali dengan melakukan isolasi khitosan dari limbah kulit udang yang memberikan derajat deasetilasi 83,30%. Selanjutnya dilakukan isolasi DNA plasmid dengan menggunakan kit dari Qiagen yang memberikan konsentrasi DNA plasmid 37,8 ?g/mL. Polipleks yang disintesis dari khitosan-DNA plasmid memberikan nilai potensial Zeta 9,63 mV. Penerapan polipleks dalam proses transformasi sel menunjukkan hasil positif, yang mana sel E. coli yang telah disisipkan material polipleks dan dibiakkan pada media ampisilin dapat tetap bertahan hidup, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa proses transformasi dengan polipleks khitosan-DNA plasmid telah berhasil dilakukan. Kata kunci: Khitosan, DNA Plasmid, Polipleks, Transformasi Sel   ABSTRACT: The research about the application of chitosan as the carrier and protecting agent for the plasmid DNA (pDNA) in the cells transformation process on Escherechia coli had been carried out, the aim of this research was to obtain stabile and nanosize polyplex from chitosan and plasmid DNA and to get the information if the cells transformation process could be done using the polyplex. The chitosan was isolated from shrimp's shelled deacetylation degree of 83,3%. The concentration of plasmid DNA was 36,75 ug/mL isolated using a Qiagen kit. The chitosan-plasmid DNA polyplex had the Zeta potential of 9,63 mV. Further, the application of the polyplex on the transformation process of E. coli cells showed a positive result where E. coli cells that had been inserted with the polyplex were bred in amphicillin media still survived. This fact showed that the cells transformation process using the polyplex was successfully performed. Keywords: Chitosan, Plasmid DNA, Polyplex, Cell Transformation
PENGARUH ADITIF SELULOSA TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK OKSIDA TIMAH YANG DIPEROLEH MENGGUNAKAN METODE HIDROTERMAL M. Rofif Nurfaizi; Muhamad Abdulkadir Martoprawiro; I Putu Mahendra
CAKRA KIMIA (Indonesian E-Journal of Applied Chemistry) Vol 10 No 1 (2022): Cakra Kimia (Indonesian E-Journal of Applied Chemistry)
Publisher : Graduate Program of Applied Chemistry, Udayana University, Bali-INDONESIA

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ABSTRAK: Material semikonduktor SnO2 merupakan oksida logam yang memiliki banyak keunggulan sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan di berbagai bidang seperti fotokatalis, sensor gas, dan bahan baku film transparan. Pada penelitian ini, SnO2 disintesis dengan menggunakan metode hidrotermal. Prekursor yang digunakan adalah SnCl2.2H2O. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi pengaruh penambahan aditif selulosa terhadap karakteristik SnO2 yang diperoleh. Tahapan sintesis SnO2 diawali dengan melarutkan 0,9026 gram SnCl2.2H2O dalam larutan etanol air (1:2 v/v). Selulosa ditambahkan dengan perbandingan massa terhadap Sn (II) masing-masing sebesar 1:1, 2:1 dan 3:1. pH suspensi Sn (II) diatur menjadi 2,6 dengan penambahan NaOH 5 M. Proses hidrotermal dilakukan pada suhu 150°C selama 12 jam. Pengamatan secara kasat mata terhadap hasil sintesis tanpa aditif menunjukkan keberadaan serbuk hitam (SnO). Berbeda dengan hasil sintesis dengan aditif selulosa yang menunjukkan hanya serbuk warna putih kekuningan (SnO2). Perbedaan jenis oksida yang diperoleh pada proses sintesis didukung oleh hasil karakterisasi menggunakan X-ray Difraction. Analisis Scanning Electron Microscope menunjukkan perbedaan morfologi pada oksida timah yang disintesis dengan menggunakan dan tanpa aditif. ABSTRACT: SnO2 semiconductor material is a metal oxide with many advantages, it can be used in various fields such as photocatalysts, gas sensors, and transparent film raw materials. In this study, SnO2 was synthesized using the hydrothermal method, with SnCl2.2H2O as the precursor. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of cellulose additive to the characteristics of the obtained SnO2. The SnO2 synthesis was begun by dissolving 0.9026 grams of SnCl2.2H2O in an aqueous-ethanol solution (2:1 V/V). The tin oxide was prepared in the presence of additives, 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 with the ratio additives to Sn (II). The pH of the Sn (II) suspension was adjusted to 2.6 with the addition of NaOH 5 M. The hydrothermal process was carried out at 150°C for 12 hours. Observation with the naked eye on the results of the synthesis without additives showed the presence of black powder (SnO). In contrast to the results of the synthesis with cellulose addition which showed only yellowish white powder (SnO2). The different types of oxides obtained in the synthesis process are supported by the results of characterization using x-ray diffraction. Scanning electron microscope analysis showed morphological differences in the synthesized tin oxide with and without additives.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN AGEN ANTIBAKTERI TiO2 DAN ZnO PADA FILM KOMPOSIT SELULOSA/POLI(VINIL ALKOHOL) Jihan Puspita Sari; Muhamad Abdulkadir Martoprawiro; I Putu Mahendra
CAKRA KIMIA (Indonesian E-Journal of Applied Chemistry) Vol 10 No 1 (2022): Cakra Kimia (Indonesian E-Journal of Applied Chemistry)
Publisher : Graduate Program of Applied Chemistry, Udayana University, Bali-INDONESIA

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ABSTRAK: Polimer alam merupakan salah satu keanekaragaman hayati yang melimpah di Indonesia. Selulosa adalah salah satu polimer alam yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk keperluan medis, pembedahan, dan perawatan kesehatan. Modifikasi selulosa dengan menggunakan bahan organik-anorganik untuk meningkatkan sifat antibakteri material sangat perlu untuk dilakukan. Agen antibakteri berupa oksida logam semikonduktor banyak digunakan. Material oksida logam seperti TiO2 dan ZnO digunakan sebagai agen antibakteri karena ekonomis, aman, tidak beracun, stabil, dan mampu menyerap sinar ultraviolet (UV). Pada penelitian ini beberapa komposit akan disiapkan, yaitu selulosa/PVA, selulosa/PVA/TiO2 1%, selulosa/PVA/TiO2/ZnO 1%, dan selulosa/PVA/ZnO 1%. Karakteristik komposit dianalisis dengan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), dan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Aktivitas antibakteri komposit juga ditentukan dengan menghitung angka lempeng total (ALT). Senyawa oksida logam yang berperan sebagai agen antibakteri, mampu menghambat laju pertumbuhan bakteri. Hampir keseluruhan sampel film komposit memiliki efek penghambatan yang lebih baik terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) daripada Escherichia coli (E. coli). ABSTRACT: Natural polymers are one of the abundant biodiversity in Indonesia. Cellulose is one of the natural polymers that can be applied for medical, surgical, and health care purposes. Modification of cellulose using organic-inorganic materials to enhance the antibacterial properties of material is very necessary. The antibacterial agents in the form of semiconductor metal oxides have been widely used. The metal oxide materials such as TiO2 and ZnO have been utilized as antibacterial agents due to economic, safe, non-toxic, stable, and able to absorb ultraviolet (UV) light. In this study, several composites would be prepared, e.g., cellulose/PVA, cellulose/PVA/TiO2 1%, cellulose/PVA/TiO2/ZnO 1%, and cellulose/PVA/ZnO 1%. Thus, the utilization of cellulose-based natural polymers can be increased and expanded, especially in the medical or health fields. The characteristic of composites was determined using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The antibacterial activity of composite would be determined using total plate count (TPC). Metal oxide compounds as antibacterial agents were able to inhibit the growth rate of bacteria. Almost all composite films have a greater inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) than Escherichia coli (E. coli).
EVALUASI KEMAMPUAN FILM INDIKATOR PATI/SELULOSA/ANTOSIANIN UNTUK MENDETEKSI AMONIA PADA PRODUK PANGAN Erlin Arda Safitri; Muhamad Abdulkadir Martoprawiro; I Putu Mahendra
CAKRA KIMIA (Indonesian E-Journal of Applied Chemistry) Vol 10 No 2 (2022): Cakra Kimia (Indonesian E-Journal of Applied Chemistry)
Publisher : Graduate Program of Applied Chemistry, Udayana University, Bali-INDONESIA

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ABSTRAK: Film indikator dikembangkan untuk mendeteksi gas amonia yang dihasilkan dari proses pembusukan bahan pangan. Film indikator dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu acuan jaminan mutu dan keamanan suatu bahan pangan bagi konsumen. Film dibuat menggunakan pewarna alami antosianin yang diekstrak dari kubis ungu (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) (RGAnc) yang kemudian digabungkan dengan matriks berbahan dasar pati/PVA/selulosa (SPVAC). Ekstrak antosianin kubis ungu (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) (RGAnc) menggunakan proses maserasi dengan air deionisasi sebagai pelarut. Adapun massa kubis ungu yang digunakan dalam proses maserasi adalah 1, 10, 100 g. Matriks indikator menggunakan paduan pati/PVA/selulosa dengan rasio 2: 2: 0,1. Pengujian film dilakukan dengan menggunakan daging ayam yang disimpan dengan variasi suhu yaitu suhu ruang (±25 °C) dan 4ºC. Hasil uji film SPVA/RGAnc dengan daging ayam menunjukkan perubahan warna film yang berbeda dan dapat dilihat perbedaannya dengan jelas, sehingga film berpotensi dengan baik sebagai pendeteksi kesegaran daging ayam. ABSTRACT: An indicator film was developed for monitoring food freshness by detecting ammonia gas produced from the decaying process of chicken meat. The indicator film can be used as a reference for quality assurance and food safety for consumers. The film used natural dyes extracted from purple cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.), anthocyanins (RGAnc), which are then combined with starch/PVA/cellulose matrix (SPVAC). Purple cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) anthocyanin was macerated (RGAnc) using deionized water as a solvent. The mass of purple cabbage used in the maceration was varied, e.g., 1, 10, 100 g. The indicator matrix was prepared from the blend of starch/ PVA/ cellulose with a ratio of 2: 2: 0.1. Film testing was carried out using chicken meat stored with variations in temperature, namely room temperature (±25 °C) and 4ºC. The results of the SPVA/RGAnc film test with chicken meat showed different changes in the color of the film and the difference could be seen clearly, so the film had good potential as a detector of freshness of chicken meat.
Fabrication of photocatalyst film based on TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber Yusnaidar Yusnaidar; Wilda Syahri; Harizon Harizon; I Putu Mahendra
Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia (JPKIM) Vol 15, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1825.714 KB) | DOI: 10.24114/jpkim.v15i1.44183

Abstract

The powerful performance of TiO2 and its doped as photocatalyst material initiated the finding of new technique that efficient and effective to degrade the organic pollutant, i.e., azo dyes. This study examined photocatalyst film's photoactivity, TEMPO-oxidized cellulose-containing N-TiO2 (TOC/N-TiO2), on the degradation of azo dyes. TEMPO-oxidized cellulose, which has a negative charge, was sequentially mixed and stirred in the suspension of TiO2 and doped TiO2. This experiment utilized several instruments to determine the physicochemical properties of the photocatalyst film. The UV-DRS and diffractogram data confirmed the anatase phase as the only phase found in N-TiO2, which has a lower bandgap value than the anatase TiO2. These data demonstrated the superior photocatalytic of TOC/ N-TiO2 against azo dyes.Keywords: Doped-TiO2; Film; Photocatalyst; TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber
Co-Authors Erlin Arda Safitri Harizon Harizon I Nengah Wirajana James Sibarani Jihan Puspita Sari M. Rofif Nurfaizi Muhamad Abdulkadir Martoprawiro Muhamad Abdulkadir Martoprawiro Muhamad Abdulkadir Martoprawiro Wilda Syahri Yusnaidar Yusnaidar