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All Journal Medical Laboratory Technology Journal Meditory : The Journal of Medical Laboratory Bali Medika Jurnal Jurnal Pengabmas Masyarakat Sehat Jurnal Pengabmas Masyarakat Sehat JURNAL SKALA HUSADA: THE JOURNAL OF HEALTH SWARNA SWARNA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
I Nyoman Jirna
Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar
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BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS AND SALIVARY BACTERIAL PROFILE AMONG PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS: A DESCRIPTIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY Ida Ayu Made Sri Arjani; I Nyoman Gede Suyasa; I Nyoman Jirna; Nyoman Mastra; Cok Dewi Widhya Hana Sundari; Nursinta Riswandani
Meditory : The Journal of Medical Laboratory Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): Meditory, Volume 14 No. 1 Tahun 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Teknologi Laboratorium Medis, Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33992/meditory.v14i1.5052

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic non-communicable disease characterized by prolonged hyperglycemia, which can increase salivary glucose levels and reduce salivary flow, thereby promoting bacterial growth and increasing the risk of oral infections. Objective: To describe fasting blood glucose levels, salivary bacterial counts, and the Gram-staining characteristics of salivary bacteria among patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods: This cross-sectional correlational study involved 32 diabetes mellitus patients selected using accidental sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires, fasting blood glucose measurement using POCT, salivary bacterial count using the TPC method, and Gram staining. Results: All participants (100%) had fasting blood glucose levels within the diabetic range (≥126 mg/dL), indicating persistent hyperglycemia. Likewise, all saliva samples showed high bacterial counts (>100,000 CFU/mL). Gram-positive bacteria were more predominant than Gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 55.2% and 44.8% of the bacterial isolates, respectively. Conclusions: Patients with diabetes mellitus exhibited persistent hyperglycemia, high salivary bacterial counts, and a predominance of Gram-positive bacteria. These findings provide baseline information on the salivary bacterial profile of patients with diabetes mellitus and emphasize the importance of maintaining glycemic control and oral hygiene as part of comprehensive diabetes care.
Analisis Nilai NLR, MLR, dan PLR Penderita Tuberkulosis Sebelum dan Sesudah Pengobatan Oat I Gusti Agung Ayu Satwikha Dewi; I Putu Riska Ardinata; Ni Luh Eka Kartiningsih; Dewa Ayu Trisna Dewi; I Nyoman Jirna; I Gusti Ngurah Dwija Putra; Dewa Gede Eka Prayoga
Bali Medika Jurnal Vol 13 No 1 (2026): Bali Medika Jurnal July 2026
Publisher : Stikes Wira Medika Bali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36376/bmj.v13i1.542

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that remains a global health challenge, including in Bali Province. Denpasar City was recorded as the region with the highest number of TB cases in 2022. The long duration of TB treatment often causes side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and liver dysfunction, which impacts low patient compliance. Assessment of immunological conditions through hematological parameters such as the Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Monocyte Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR), and Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) is considered potential as an indicator of the effectiveness of ATD (anti-tuberculosis drug) therapy. This study aims to analyze changes in NLR, MLR, and PLR values before and after ATD therapy in TB patients at Denpasar City Community Health Centers. This study is a prospective cohort study using the Accidental Sampling method in 11 Community Health Centers. EDTA blood samples were analyzed using an automated hematology analyzer, and data were tested using normality tests and Pearson correlation. The results showed that the pre-ATD NLR values (mean 2.29) and post-ATD remained normally distributed with a weak and insignificant positive correlation (p = 0.294). The pre-ATD MLR values (mean 0.35) and post-ATD had a weak and insignificant negative correlation (p = 0.412). Similarly, the pre-ATD PLR (mean 12.82) and post-ATD showed a weak and insignificant negative correlation (p = 0.315). The conclusion of this study is that ATD treatment for two months has not provided significant changes in the NLR, MLR, and PLR values. Continued monitoring until the end of therapy is still needed to comprehensively assess the effectiveness of ATD.   Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan salah satu penyakit menular yang masih menjadi tantangan kesehatan global, termasuk di Provinsi Bali. Kota Denpasar tercatat sebagai wilayah dengan jumlah kasus TBC tertinggi pada tahun 2022. Durasi pengobatan TBC yang panjang sering menimbulkan efek samping seperti mual, muntah, dan gangguan fungsi hati, yang berdampak pada rendahnya pemenuhan pasien. Penilaian kondisi imunologis melalui parameter hematologi seperti Rasio Limfosit Neutrofil (NLR), Rasio Limfosit Monosit (MLR), dan Rasio Limfosit Trombosit (PLR) dinilai berpotensi sebagai indikator efektivitas terapi OAT (obat anti tuberkulosis). Tujuan: menganalisis perubahan nilai NLR, MLR, dan PLR sebelum dan sesudah terapi OAT pada pasien TB di Puskesmas Kota Denpasar. Metode: Studi kohort prospektif pre-post pada 32 pasien TB baru. Sampel darah diambil sebelum OAT dan hari ke-56 metode Accidental Sampling di 11 Puskesmas. Analisis menggunakan uji t berpasangan. Hasil: Rata-rata pre-OAT: NLR=2.29±0.78, MLR=0.35±0.15, PLR=12.82±4.04. Pasca-OAT: NLR=2.34±0.81 (p=0.63), MLR=0.33±0.14 (p=0.27), PLR=12.50±4.20 (p=0.53). Tidak ada perubahan signifikan pada ketiganya. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah pengobatan OAT selama dua bulan belum mengubah biomarker inflamasi hematologis (NLR, MLR, PLR). Pemantauan hingga 6 bulan diperlukan untuk evaluasi respons terapi.
Co-Authors Ayu Sukma Wedha Kristyanti Cok Dewi Widhya Hana Sundari Cok Dewi Widya hana Sundari Dewa Ayu Trisna Dewi Dewa Gede Eka Prayoga Heri Setiyo Bekti I Gede Sudarmanto I GUSTI AGUNG AYU SATWIKHA DEWI - I Gusti Agung Dewi Sarihati I Gusti Ayu Agung Putu Swastini I Gusti Ayu Sri Dhyanaputri I Gusti Ngurah Dwija Putra I Kadek Budi Astawan I Nyoman Gede Suyasa I Nyoman Krisna Wicaksana I Putu Riska Ardinata I Wayan Merta Ida Ayu Made Sri Arjani Ida Ayu Made Sri Arjani Ni Kadek Lina Winati Ni Kadek Lulus Saraswati Ni Luh Eka Kartiningsih Ni Made Niagita Wiratni Nursinta Riswandani Nyoman Mastra