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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Veteriner Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Tropical Animal Science Journal
Y. Widiawati
Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production (IRIAP), Jl. Veteran III, PO BOX 221, Ciawi, Bogor 16002, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Veterinary

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The effect of pineapple waste (Ananas comosus (L). Merr) subtitution on mixed basal diet of Elephant grass and calliandra on rumen ecosystem of sheep Widiawati, Y.
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 14, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (75.402 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v14i4.304

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pineapple waste substitution to mixed basal diet of Elephant grass and calliandra on rumen ecosystem. Pineapple waste was substituted to basal of Elephant grass and calliandra leaves (3:2) at the level of 0% (RA); 10% (RB); 20% (RC); 30% (RD); 40% (RE) and 50% (RF). In this experiment 24 Indonesian local male sheep (9-10 months old, 15.3 kg average body weight) were used, and were divided into 6 groups of dietary treatment (4 sheep each). Every group was offered one of the experimental diets (RA to RF) in a Completely Randomized Design. Pineapple waste was offered gradually for one month until the level of 50% (RF) was reached. The animals were adapted to experimental diets for about 14 days prior to the data collection period. Rumen fluids from each animal was taken (5 hours after morning feeding) for pH, ammonia concentration; bacteria and protozoa population analysis. The results showed that substitution of pineapple waste up to 30% had no effect on pH, but when the level was increased up to 40 and 50%, the pH (P<0.01) decreased. Ammonia concentration was similar when 10% of the pineapple waste was included, then it decreased significantly when the waste was given up to 50% (P<0.01). A decrease in bacteria population and an increase in protozoa population happened when the waste given was increased up to 50% but it wasn’t significant (P>0.05). Increasing pineapple waste given increased population of amyllolytic bacteria but decreased the population of cellulolytic bacteria. On the Elephant grass and calliandra basal diet with the proportion of 3 : 2, the best substitution of pineapple waste was up to 20%. Key words: Pineapple Waste, Rumen, Bacteria, Protozoa, Ammonia
THE UTILIZATION OF THE COMPLETE RUMEN MODIFIER ON DAIRY COWS Thalib, A.; Situmorang, P.; Mathius, I.W.; Widiawati, Y.; Puastuti, W.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 36, No 2 (2011): (June)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.36.2.137-142

Abstract

An experiment on the use of Complete Rumen Modifier (CRM) to improve dairy cowproductivity and to mitigate enteric methane production has been conducted. Sixteen lactating dairycows were distributed into 4 groups by using compelete randomized design (CRD). Group I (Control)fed by basal diet consisted of elephant grass and concentrate 7.5 kg/hd/dy (CP 16% and TDN 70%),Group II (Pro. Woodii) fed by basal diet + probiotic Woodii, Group III (Pro.Noterae) fed by basal diet +probiotic Noterae; Group IV (CRM-Noterae) fed by basal diet + CRM + Pro.Noterae. Measurementswere conducted on body weight gain, average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, milk and methaneproduction. Results showed that CRM-Noterae increased ADG by 72% (1.29 vs 0.75 kg) and improvedFCR (9.2 vs 15.6). Probiotic noterae as single treatment or combined with CRM increased fat and totalsolid content of milk from 3.18% and 10.58% in control group to become 3.91%; 11.31% and 3.55%;11.02%, respectively. The lowest methane production was recorded in Group IV. The combination ofCRM and Noterae reduced percentage of methane production by 14%. It is concluded that combinationof CRM and Noterae can improve dairy cow performance and decrease methane production. ProbioticNoterae improved milk quality.
The Resilience of Smallholder Layer-Chicken Farmers Throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Indonesia Priyono; Kusumaningrum, D. A.; Rusdiana, S.; Praharani, L.; Widiawati, Y.; Kostaman, T.; Herliatika, A.; Pratiwi, N.; Azizah, N.; Iji, P. A.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 47 No. 3 (2024): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2024.47.3.392

Abstract

Smallholder layer-chicken farming in Indonesia is essential to ensure national food production, food security, and economic resilience. During the COVID-19 pandemic, small-scale layer-chicken farming exhibited adaptability. This study aims to assess the smallholder layer-chicken farmers resilience in Indonesia during the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. This research employed cross-sectional data collected from February to July 2023 from 114 smallholder layer chicken farmers in West Java, Central Java, and East Java using a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used descriptive statistics, financial analysis, and the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed that the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the decline in the population and production of layer-chicken at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic but subsequently demonstrated an increase afterward. Financial analyses showed an increase in operational costs, specifically feed and labor, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The layer-chicken farms could adapt and maintain profitability amidst increasing operational costs. The findings showed that the COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted increasing feed costs (p<0.05) and labor costs (p<0.05). The revenue-cost ratio remained relatively stable. The study also showed significant differences in profit levels before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic (p<0.05). Profit levels decreased during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and recovered afterward, showcasing the smallholder layer chicken farmer’s resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings offer valuable insights for policy formulation aimed at fortifying the resilience demonstrated by smallholder layer-chicken farming in Indonesia amidst the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic and other potential crises in the future.
Co-Authors A. Thalib Azizah, N. Herliatika, A. I.W. Mathius Iji, P. A. KOSTAMAN, T. Kusumaningrum, D. A. L. Praharani N. Pratiwi, N. P. Situmorang Priyono S. Rusdiana W. Puastuti