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A COMPARATIVE LEGAL STUDY ON NEOBANK BETWEEN SOUTH KOREA AND INDONESIA John Elvin Louis; Beumhoo Jang
Journal of Law and Policy Transformation Vol 7 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Internasional Batam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37253/jlpt.v7i1.6753

Abstract

Development of technology in the banking sector has introduced the concept of Neobank (digital bank or Internet-only bank) in South Korea and Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the regulations of in South Korea and Indonesia in order to ascertain the differences and similarities of the regulations of the two countries and eventually to provide the ideal regulatory solution in managing Neobank. The research adopted a comparative law research which is one of the types under normative legal research. It utilized secondary data. The primary legal materials were the Act on Special Cases Concerning Establishment and Operation of Internet-Only Banks of South Korea and the Indonesian Bank Circular No.6/18/DPNP 2004 and Regulation of Financial Services Authority No.12 /POJK.03/2018. The secondary legal materials consisted of articles journals, books and other materials relevant to the topic under discussions. All secondary data was collected from library research and it adopted an analytical and juridical qualitative approach. It found that the establishment of a Neobank in South Korea and Indonesia are both regulated in the banking laws of each country in general, but have their own specific regulations. South Korea is under the Act and Indonesia is at the regulatory level of the Financial Services Authority. Fundamentally, South Korea's Neobank is more progressive in implementing its technology than Indonesia, which still uses conventional bank (commercial banks) as the backbone to operate in the form of digital bank.
Victimology and Law Enforcement in Online Loan Jockey Scams Antony; John Elvin Louis
Walisongo Law Review (Walrev) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/walrev.2026.8.1.27587

Abstract

The proliferation of offers from perpetrators providing “loan jockey” services exploit the anxiety experienced by online lending borrowers who have defaulted, with the intent of trapping them. This study aims to analyze the relationship between victims and perpetrators, particularly unscrupulous providers of such services, and to propose law enforcement strategies and victim protection measures from a victimological perspective. This research employs a normative juridical (doctrinal) method, utilizing both statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate a close and reciprocal relationship of victimization between perpetrators and victims. Users of “loan jockey” services often not only contribute to the occurrence of criminal acts against themselves but may also accelerate such acts. Efforts to combat the increasing prevalence of these perpetrators through criminal law policy alone are insufficient. Alternative strategies are necessary, including the fulfilment of victims’ rights and obligations through a victimological approach. This approach is expected to enhance legal awareness and foster a sense of responsibility among potential and actual victims to remain vigilant and protect themselves. The study contributes theoretically by developing a digital victimology framework based on the interactive relationship between victims and perpetrators. Practically, it offers victim protection strategies focused on improving legal literacy and risk awareness in the digital space. Ultimately, this research expands the scope of victimology in addressing the evolving nature of crime in the digital era. Maraknya penawaran dari pelaku penyedia jasa joki pinjol memanfaatkan kecemasan yang dialami oleh nasabah pinjol yang telah gagal bayar dengan harapan agar masuk kedalam perangkapnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan antara korban dan pelaku yakni oknum penyedia jasa joki pinjol serta menggagas strategi penegakan hukum dan perlindungan korban perspektif ilmu viktimologi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode yuridis normatif doktrinal dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya hubungan erat terkait viktimasi yang bersifat timbal balik antara pihak pelaku yakni penyedia jasa joki pinjol maupun pihak korban. Korban dari pengguna jasa joki pinjol seringkali tidak hanya menciptakan terjadinya tindak pidana terhadap dirinya sendiri namun juga mempercepatnya. Sejatinya, pemberantasan terhadap pelaku penyedia jasa joki pinjol yang sedang marak terjadi dengan melalui kebijakan hukum pidana bukan merupakan satu-satunya cara namun juga dapat dilakukan dengan strategi lainnya seperti pemenuhan hak dan kewajiban korban melalui pendekatan ilmu viktimologi kepada calon korban/korban yang diharapkan menumbuhkan pengetahuan hukum serta rasa kewajiban untuk selalu waspada dan melindungi diri. Penelitian ini berkontribusi secara teoritis melalui pengembangan kerangka viktimologi digital berbasis relasi interaktif korban dan pelaku. Selain itu, secara praktis penelitian ini menawarkan strategi perlindungan korban yang berfokus pada peningkatan literasi hukum dan kesadaran risiko di ruang digital. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini memperluas kajian viktimologi dalam menghadapi perkembangan kejahatan di era digital. Keywords: Online Loan Jockeys; Victims; Victimology.