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Antibiotic Resistance and Integron of Vibrio cholerae Detection from School Street Foods in Jakarta NADIA DEASHINTA; DIANA ELIZABETH WATURANGI; YOGIARA YOGIARA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 14 No. 2 (2007): June 2007
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Street foods represent foods and beverages prepared by vendors in streets or other public places, i.e. schools. Food safety issues perceive street foods as a potential major public risk. Street foods contaminated with toxigenic Vibrio cholerae may lead to serious poisoning to school-age children. In this study, 17 isolates of V. cholerae were obtained from nine (45%) of total 20 street foods samples collected in Jakarta. Five (29%) were confirmed to be V. cholerae O1, serotype Ogawa using biochemical tests and serological identification. Of the 17 V. cholerae isolates 47% proved to be resistant to ampicillin, 35% to trimethoprim, 17.6% to tetracycline, and 17.6% to streptomycin. A class 1 integrons bearing streptomycin/spectinomycin resistant gene cassette of aadA1c were discovered on isolate Vc25n. This may leads to horizontal transfer of the antibiotic resistant genes to other bacteria. Key words: foods, Vibrio cholerae, antibiotic resistance, integron

Dendronephthya sp. is a soft coral that has huge distribution starting from Indopacific, Tonga, Solomon Islands to Great Barrier Reef in Australia. However, this soft corals survive only in short period after cultivation in artificial habitat (aquarium). Recent study showed that the soft coral Dendronephtya sp. has an association or symbiotic relationship with several bacteria, commonly known as coral associated bacteria (CAB). In this study, we compared the population dynamic of Dendronephthya SUSAN SOKA; RORY ANTHONY HUTAGALUNG; . YOGIARA; CLARA ASSISI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 18 No. 2 (2011): June 2011
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.18.2.57

Dendronephthya sp. is a soft coral that has huge distribution starting from Indopacific, Tonga, Solomon Islands to Great Barrier Reef in Australia. However, this soft corals survive only in short period after cultivation in artificial habitat (aquarium). Recent study showed that the soft coral Dendronephtya sp. has an association or symbiotic relationship with several bacteria, commonly known as coral associated bacteria (CAB). In this study, we compared the population dynamic of Dendronephthya sp.-associated bacteria in natural and artificial habitat, resulting different bacterial community profiles using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis of bacterial community DNA. There were 15 main classes of bacterial population identified along with uncultured microorganism, uncultured organism, uncultured bacteria and unidentified organism. Members of Actinobacteria, Arthrobacteria, Chlorobia, Caldilineae, d-proteobacteria and Proteobacteria were predicted to give contributions in the survival ability of both Dendronephthya sp. The cultivation of soft corals after 2 weeks in artificial habitat increases bacterial population similarity on 2 different samples by 10%. Bacterial population similarity in artificial habitat would increase along with the longer cultivation time of soft corals.

Diversity of Protease-Producing Bacillus spp. From Fresh Indonesian Tempeh Based on 16S rRNA Gene Sequence Tati Barus; Linda Wati; . Melani; Antonius Suwanto; . Yogiara
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 24 No. 1 (2017): January 2017
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Tempeh is a type of traditional fermented food in Indonesia. The fermentation can be performed by Rhizopus microsporus as a main microorganism. However, Bacillus spp. is found in abundance in tempeh production. Nevertheless, information regarding the diversity of Bacillus spp. in tempeh production has not been reported yet. Therefore, the aim of this investigation was to study the genetic diversity of Bacillus spp. in tempeh production based on the 16S ribosomal RNA sequence. In this study, about 22 of 24 fresh tempeh from Jakarta, Bogor, and Tangerang were used. A total of 52 protease-producing Bacillus spp. isolates were obtained. Based on 16S ribosomal RNA results, all 52 isolates were identified to be similar to B. pumilus, B. subtilis, B. megaterium, B. licheniformis, B. cereus, B. thuringiensis, B. amyloliquefaciens, Brevibacillus brevis, and Bacillus sp. All the identified isolates were divided into two large clusters: 1) a cluster of B. cereus, B. thuringiensis, Bacillus sp., and B. brevis and 2) a cluster of B. pumilus, B. subtilis, B. megaterium, B. licheniformis, and B. amyloliquefaciens. Information about the Bacillus spp. role in determining the quality of tempeh has not been reported and this is a preliminary study of Bacillus spp. from tempeh.

Detection of Mulatexin in Local Mulberry Plants (Morus spp.) from Bogor, West Java, Indonesia Yasinta Ratna Esti Wulandari; Yogiara Yogiara; Isabel Livena Young
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 28 No. 3 (2021): July 2021
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.28.3.193

The mlx56 gene family is found exclusively in the mulberry (Morus spp.) plant, and its role is to defend against insect herbivores, yet it had never been discovered from Indonesia, which has been cultivating mulberry silkworm's (Bombyx mori) feed in order to produce silks. This research focused on studying the expression of mlx56 gene family in local mulberry plants from Bogor, West Java, using different plant organs which were leaf, stem, and root. Each sample was collected from four species of mulberry; Morus alba var. kanva-2, M. alba var. multicaulis, M. bombycis var. lembang, and M. cathayana. Genomic RNA samples were collected and synthesized into cDNA, amplification was done using eight primers of the mlx56 gene family and the products were sequenced. Sequences were then analyzed by BLAST. Results showed diverse mlx56 gene family expression among species of mulberry and plant organs. The mlx56-2, mlx56-4, and mlx56-7, were mostly expressed in all species and organs. The gene mlx56-3, which was not discovered in the previous study, was expressed in M. cathayana leaf and root also in the roots of other species. It was identified as chitinase-like protein LA along with mlx56-5, while other genes were identified as mlx56 based on BLAST.

KANDUNGAN KOMPONEN BIOAKTIF DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROB EKSTRAK BINTANG LAUT (Culcita schmideliana) Kustiariyah Tarman; Hana Nurullita Prestisia; Iriani Setyaningsih; Meydia Meydia; Yogiara Yogiara; Jae-Kwan Hwang
Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia Vol 15 No 3 (2012): Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia 15 (3)
Publisher : Department of Aquatic Product Technology IPB University in collaboration with Masyarakat Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia (MPHPI)

Bintang laut Culcita schmideliana merupakan salah satu spesies dari kelas Asteroidea yang memiliki potensi sebagai antimikrob. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan komponen bioaktif dan aktivitas antimikrob dari bintang laut C. schemideliana. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui beberapa uji, yaitu uji komponen fitokimia, uji aktivitas antimikrob, dan fraksinasi dengan kromatografi lapis tipis, serta bioautografi. Hasil uji fitokimia secara kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol mengandung alkaloid, steroid, flavonoid, saponin, dan ninhidrin, sedangkan ekstrak n-heksan dan etil asetat mengandung steroid dan saponin. Aktivitas antimikrob terbesar ditunjukkan oleh ekstrak etil asetat dengan konsentrasi 2 mg yaitu sebesar 16 mm. Fraksinasi KLT diidentifikasi memiliki 7 bercak pada lampu sinar UV λ 254 nm dan UV λ 366 nm menghasilkan 1 bercak. Pengamatan bioautografi terhadap bakteri B. subtilis menghasilkan zona hambat sebesar 7 mm pada Rf = 0,02 dan pada Rf = 0,62 menghasilkan zona hambat sebesar 3 mm.

DETECTION OF QUORUM QUENCHING -PRODUCING BACTERIA FROM RHIZOSPHERE SOIL AS A BIOCONTROL AGENTS Stella Magdalena; Inez Johanna; Yogiara Yogiara
Teknosains Vol 15 No 1 (2021): Januari-April
Publisher : Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/teknosains.v15i1.16178

Quorum sensing is known as a communication mechanism among bacteria to control gene expression such as bioluminescence, pigmentation, and pathogenicity. Quorum quenching is known as inhibition of quorum sensing activity. In order to block quorum sensing activity, some bacteria produced enzymes which could degrade AHL, such as AHL-acylase, AHL-lactonase, and AHL-oxidase and reductase. In this study, soil bacteria were isolated and screened for their quorum quenching activity. These isolates were divided into Streptomyces and non-Streptomyces isolates. Detection were done by using Chromobacterium violaceum as an indicator bacteria for pigment inhibition by quorum quenching activity. About 10 out of 695 isolates were shown to possess quorum quenching activity. These isolates were further identified by biochemical tests, Gram staining, and identified by 16S rRNA sequencing. Four positive isolates showed similarity with Streptomyces sp., and 6 positive isolates were non-Streptomyces which showed similarity with Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus sp., Enterobacter ludwigii, and Enterobacter sp.

Bacterial Community Profiles in the Fluid of Four Pitcher Plant Species (Nepenthes spp.) Grown in a Nursery ANDREE SIEGARA; . YOGIARA
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 3 (2009): December 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Nepenthes is one of the Indonesian tropical carnivorous plants. The plant has a pitcher-like structure containing fluid for digesting insects. There are many microorganisms growing in the pitcher fluid. Different species of pitcher plants and planting sites could also contribute either to the diversity or the abundance of microorganism inhabiting the pitcher fluid. To assess the bacterial community variation in the fluid of pitcher plants grown in a nursery, amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) was used. Four specimens of N. gracilis, N. truncata, N. veitchii and N. bicalcarata were obtained from Suska Nursery, Ciderum Village, Caringin, Bogor, Indonesia. A total of 191 positive clones were analyzed by using ARDRA. A sum of 124 phylotypes was obtained, comprising 17 in N. gracilis, 7 in N. truncata, 45 in N. veitchii and 55 in N. bicalcarata. It is interesting to note that each specimen harbored unique phylotypes, meaning that no phylotypes generated from one specimen were found in any of other specimens.

Screening of Quorum Quenching Activity of Bacteria Isolated from Ant Lion Billy Christianto; . Yogiara
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 1 (2011): March 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Bacterial intercellular communication or quorum sensing controls the pathogenesis of many medically important organisms. Therefore, it is important to isolate bacteria that can disintegrate the communication, in a process called quorum quenching. Bacteria from ant lion (Myrmeleon sp.) were grown on Luria agar, and approximately 1.85 x 109 CFU mL-1 was obtained. Eleven morphologically different colonies were screened for quorum quenching activity using wild type Chromobacterium violaceum as an indicator. Two isolates (Myr7 and MyrB) were found to possess quorum quenching activity. Isolates with quorum quenching activity were later identified employing 16S rRNA. Both isolates were similar to bacteria in the genus Aeromonas

Analysis of Bacterial Community Associated with Aaptos sp. from Rote and Seribu Islands EKOWATI CHASANAH; GINTUNG PATANTIS; ARIYANTI SUHITA DEWI; ENDAR MARRASKURANTO; HEDI INDRA JANUAR; STELLA STELLA; SUSAN SOKA; YOGIARA YOGIARA
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2013): March 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Aaptos sp. is a marine sponge that could produce bioactive compounds such as aaptamin, aaptosin, and isoaaptamin which have activities as antitumor, antimicrobial, and antiviral. Community of bacteria associated with the sponge might correlate with production of those bioactive compounds and be affected by water environment where the sponge grow. The presence of anthropogenic stressor such as pollutans might become a burden to the waters where the biota grown and could affect the microbial biodiversity in the sponge and its active metabolite produced. The objective of this research was to analyze bacterial community associated with Aaptos sp. from Rote Island and Seribu Islands, using T-RFLP method. The results showed that bacterial community associated with Aaptos sp. from both sampling sites shared 40.81% similarity in which they were dominated by the same bacteria class of Actinobacteria, Flavobacteria, α-proteobacteria, δ-proteobacteria, and γ–proteobacteria. The bacteria collected from Rote island were more highly distributed and diverse than those from Seribu Islands. A total of 23 classes of microorganism were identified in Rote Island waters, while in Seribu Islands was 14 classes of microorganism. The presence of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria in Aaptos sp., is allegedly involved in the production of secondary metabolites.

The in Vitro Antibiofilm Activity of Bacteria Isolated From Waterfall and Marine Environment Against Human Bacterial Pathogens Stella Magdalena; Natassa Rustandi; Yogiara Yogiara
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 13, No 2 (2020): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v13i2.14926

AbstrakKKeterlibatan biofilm pada infeksi kronis dan pada permukaan peralatan medis selalu menjadi wacana penting bagi kesehatan umum di dunia. Biofilm bakteri berkaitan dengan tingkat resistensi terhadap antibiotik yang menjadikan infeksi sulit untuk diobati. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, pengendalian yang efektif perlu diimplementasikan, seperti penerapan senyawa antibiofilm. Beberapa tahun terakhir, lingkungan akuatik menjadi salah satu sumber potensi penghasil senyawa bioaktif, termasuk senyawa antibiofilm. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menapis dan mengkarakterisasi bakteri asal air terjun dan laut yang diperoleh dari beberapa lokasi di Indonesia, sebagai penghasil aktivitas antibiofilm. Isolat dievaluasi berdasarkan kemampuan aktivitas antimikroba terhadap enam bakteri patogen dan diikuti dengan penapisan senyawa antibiofilm. Sebanyak 11 dari 65 isolat menunjukkan aktivitas quorum sensing atau quorum quenching, dan hanya terdapat satu isolat yang memiliki aktivitas keduanya. Supernatan kesebelas isolat menunjukkan penghambatan pembentukan biofilm setidaknya terhadap satu patogen dengan metode uji biofilm statis. Karakterisasi senyawa bioaktif dari lima isolat yang terpilih menunjukkan aktivitas senyawa yang berbeda, seperti karbohidrat, protein, dan asam nukleat. Sekuensing gen penyandi 16S rRNA menetapkan kelima isolat tersebut berada dalam dua genus yang berbeda, Vibrio (WK2.4, WK2.6, and WK2.3) dan Pseudomonas (S1.2 dan S1.3). Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan baru terhadap pencarian kandidat bakteri akuatik sebagai agen antibiofilm yang potensial. Abstract Biofilm involvement in chronic infections and on the surface of medical equipment have been considered as public health concern worldwide. Bacterial biofilm is related to antibiotic resistance, making the diseases difficult to treat. An effective control strategy should be implemented, for example, by applying antibiofilm agents. The use of aquatic environment as potential sources of bioactive compounds, including the antibiofilm compounds, is recently of concern. This study aimed to screen and characterize bacteria with antibiofilm activity that were isolated from waterfall and marine environment and obtained from several locations in Indonesia. The isolates were firstly evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against six bacterial pathogens and followed by antibiofilm screening. Eleven out of 65 isolates showed quorum sensing or quorum quenching activity, and one of them showed both activities. Supernatants of 11 isolates inhibited biofilm formation of at least one pathogen by using static biofilm assay. Bioactive compounds characterization of the selected five isolates revealed the presence of different compounds, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis classified five isolates into two different genera, namely Vibrio (WK2.4, WK2.6, and WK2.3) and Pseudomonas (S1.2 and S1.3). The present study provides insights into the discovery of aquatic bacteria candidates as antibiofilm agents.

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