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Changes of Physical Properties of Sandy Soil And Growth of Physic Nut (Jatropha Curcas L.) Due to Addition of Clay and Organic Matter Djajadi, Djajadi; Heliyanto, Bambang; Hidayah, Nurul
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 33, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Agricultural sandy soil in Situbondo, East Java province, Indonesia which is used as a center garden for physic nut seed production has poor physical properties of soil indicated by low capacity to retain water. For plant growth of physic nut, the sandy soil physical properties need to be improved. In this study, the influence of addition of clay together with organic matter and intervals of irrigation to sandy soil on aggregate stability, bulk density, total soil porosity, water available content and plant growth of physic nut was investigated. The rates of clay and organic matter incorporated to top sandy soil were 5% clay + 0.8% organic matter and 1O% clay + 1.6% organic matter. Two intervals of irrigation tested were 10 days and 20 days. The results showed that incorporation of clay together with organic matter increased aggregate stability, total soil porosity, available water content and plant growth of physic nut. Intervals of irrigation had no influence of soil physical properties and plant growth.Keywords: agricultural, sandy soil, clay, organic matter, soil properties, physic nut

Population Size Effects on Progeny Performance in Banksia ilicifolia R. Br. (Proteaceae) BAMBANG HELIYANTO; TIANHUA HE; HANS LAMBERS; ERIK J. VENEKLAAS; SIEGFRIED L. KRAUSS
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 16 No. 2 (2009): June 2009
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

A reduction in population size due to land clearing and habitat fragmentation may have negative effects on plant fitness. A relationship between population size and progeny performance for four small (n < 20 plants) and four large (n > 100 plants) populations of Banksia ilicifolia, a widespread but naturally fragmented species in south-western Australia, was assessed. Seeds collected from the field were germinated and a comparative growth study conducted in a greenhouse. After six months, the survival rate of seedlings from larger populations was double (36%) that of smaller populations, while germination rates and other measures of growth performance were independent of population size. The conservation and management implications of reduced fitness associated with small population size in B. ilicifolia are discussed. Key words: population size effect, fragmentation, Banksia ilicifolia, growth study

Uji Ketahanan Klon-klon Harapan Tebu terhadap Kekeringan Prima Diarini Riajaya; Djumali Djumali; Bambang Heliyanto
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 12, No 1 (2020): APRIL 2020
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/btsm.v12n1.2020.1-11

Pengembangan tebu di lahan kering harus didukung oleh ketersediaan varietas tebu tahan kering dan mempunyai rendemen yang tinggi. Penelitian rumah kaca bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat ketahanan klon-klon harapan tebu terhadap cekaman kekeringan. Sebanyak 13 klon-klon harapan tebu masak awal sampai awal tengah dan satu varietas pembanding ditanam di dalam pot mulai Juni sampai Desember 2018 menggunakan benih budchip. Rancangan perlakuan menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi dengan tiga ulangan, petak utama terdiri dari tiga perlakuan kekeringan yaitu (A) kadar air tanah tersedia (KAT) dipertahankan suboptimal 40% (kisaran 38-43%) dan (B) KAT dipertahankan 70% (68-73%) dan (C) KAT dipertahankan optimal 100% (95-100%) saat tanaman berumur setelah satu bulan sampai empat bulan setelah tanam (fase pembentukan anakan). Anak petak teridiri dari 14 klon/varietas pembanding (PS 881). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat ketahanan klon-klon unggul tebu terhadap kekeringan bervariasi dari sangat rentan sampai sangat toleran, yaitu sembilan klon ungggul dengan ketahanan kekeringan yang lebih baik dibanding varietas pembanding (rentan) yaitu MLG 26, MLG 12, MLG 55, dan MLG 11 (moderat), MLG 24 (toleran), MLG 9, MLG 14, MLG 4, dan MLG 49 (sangat toleran). Terdapat tiga klon unggul dengan ketahanan yang sama dengan varietas pembanding yaitu MLG 38, MLG 5, dan MLG 52 (rentan), serta satu klon dengan ketahanan tidak lebih baik dibanding varietas pembanding yaitu MLG 56 (sangat rentan). Drought Resistance Test of Sugarcane Promising ClonesABSTRACT The development of sugarcane in dry land must be supported by the availability of sugarcane dry-resistant varieties and high yield. A greenhouse research was done to determine the level of resistance of sugarcane clones to drought stress using bud chips planted in plastic pots from June to December 2018. The experiment was arranged in a Split Plot Design with three replicates. The main plots consisted of three moisture availability to provide the available soil water (ASW) content maintained at 40% (range 38-43%), 70% (68- 73%) and 100% (95-100%) at the age 1-4 months after planting. Sub plots consisted of 13 clones and one check variety (PS 881). The results showed the level of drought resistance of sugarcane clones varied from very vulnerable to very tolerant, nine clones with better drought resistance compared to check variety (susceptible) namely MLG 26, MLG 12, MLG 55, and MLG 11 (moderate), MLG 24 (tolerant), MLG 9, MLG 14, MLG 4, and MLG 49 (very tolerant). There are three clones with the same level of drought resistance with check variety namely MLG 38, MLG 5, and MLG 52 (susceptible), and one clone namely MLG 56 is very susceptible.

Uji Daya Hasil Genotipe Tebu Potensial di Lahan Kering Abdurrakhman Abdurrakhman; Bambang Heliyanto; Djumali Djumali; Damanhuri Damanhuri; Noer Rahmi Ardiarini
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 10, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/btsm.v10n1.2018.31-40

Pengembangan tebu di Indonesia saat ini sebagian besar terdapat di lahan kering, oleh karena itu perakitan varietas toleran kekeringan merupakan suatu langkah yang bijaksana, karena merupakan pendekatan yang paling mudah aplikasinya dan ekonomis. Saat ini telah diperoleh beberapa genotipe harapan tebu untuk lahan kering. Penelitian ini bertujuan unuk mengkaji daya hasil genotipe tebu hasil persilangan untuk pengembangan di lahan kering. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Ngemplak, Pati dari bulan Januari sampai dengan November 2017, menggunakan 8 genotipe tebu yang berpotensi toleran kering dibandingkan dengan 2 varietas PS 864 dan Kenthung) sebagai pembanding. Penelitian disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang diulang tiga kali. Petak yang digunakan berukuran 5 m x 10 m, serta jarak pusat ke pusat (PKP) 1 m, atau 10 juring dengan panjang masing-masing 5 m. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah batang per meter juring, jumlah ruas, panjang batang, bobot batang, nilai brix nira batang bagian atas, tengah dan bawah, rendemen serta hasil hablur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genotipe berpengaruh terhadap keragaan hasil tebu dan komponen hasilnya. Genotipe MLG 1308 mempunyai produksi hablur tertinggi diantara genotipe lain, 21% lebih tinggi dibandingkan varietas pembanding PS 864 dan 156% dibandingkan dengan Kenthung. Dengan demikian genotipe MLG 1308 adalah genotipe harapan untuk pengembangan tebu di lahan kering Yield Test of Potential Genotypes of Sugarcane in Dry ConditionsSugarcane cultivation in Indonesia have been mostly done in dry lands, therefore consructing tolerant varieties to dry-agro-ecological condition is a wise decision as it is easily applicable and economically feasible. Currently, some genotypes tolerant to dry condition have been identified. This research was aimed to test the yield performance of potentially drought tolerant genotypes. The reserch was done in Research Station Ngemplak, Pati on January to December 2018, used 8 genotypes and two varieties (PS 864 and Kenthung) as comparision varieties. The research used randomized block design with 3 replicates. Plot size was 5 m x 10 m and the distance from center to center was 1 m, 10 rows with length 5 m per row. The parameters observed were plant height, stem diameter, number of stalk per m row, number of internode per stalk, length and weight of stalk, upper stem brix, mid and lower, sugar content/sucrose content and sugar yield per ha. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test at 5% level. Results showed that genotypes affected the performances of yield and its component characters. MLG 1308 showed the highest sugar yield per ha among the other genotypes, 21 % and 156 % higher than that of variety PS 864 and Kenthung varieties, respectively. Therefore, genotype MLG 1308 is considered as a promising genotype to support the development of sugarcane in dry areas.

EVALUASI KERAGAMAN GENETIK JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.) BERDASARKAN MARKA MOLEKULER Darmawan Saptadi; Rr Sri Hartati; , Sudarsono; Asep Setiawan; Bambang Heliyanto
Zuriat Vol 22, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Breeding Science Society of Indonesia (BSSI) / PERIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/zuriat.v22i2.6851

Studi tentang keragaman genetik jarak pagar menggunakan marka molekuler telah banyak dilakukan di berbagai negara dengan hasil yangtidak konsisten. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang keragaman genetik plasma nutfah jarak pagar Indonesia menggunakan marka molekuler. Evaluasi dilakukan terhadap 24 aksesi jarak pagar koleksi Kebun Induk Jarak Pagar (KIJP), Pakuwon, Sukabumi menggunakan marka SSR, RAPD, ISSR dan SCAR. Total 28 primer SSR yang digunakan menghasilkan pita monomorf dan homozigot pada aksesi jarak pagar yang diuji. Dari 31 primer RAPD dan ISSR yang digunakan, 8 primer RAPD dan 4 primer ISSR mampu menghasilkan pita DNA yang dapat diskor. Empat primer yaitu UBC 873, OPG 17, OPP 03 dan OPQ 11 menghasilkan 100% pita polimorfis. Koefisien kesamaan genetik berkisar antara paling tinggi 1,0 (antara 3189-2/ PT13-2; MT7-1/ PT15-1; PT3-1, 2555-1/ SP8-1; 2555-1/ PT3-1) hingga paling rendah 0,6 (antara 554-1/HS49-2) dengan rerata 0,9. Persentase polimorfisme paling rendah (0%) yaitu antara 3189-2/PT13-2; MT7-1/ PT15-1; PT3-1, 2555-1/ SP8-1; 2555-1/ PT3-1 dan paling tinggi (55,26%) yaitu antara 554-1/HS49-2 dengan rerata 15,87%. Mengambil batas kesamaan genetik di atas 80%, dendrogram dapat dibagi menjadi 2 klaster di mana satu klaster terdiri satu aksesi yaitu HS 49-2 sedangkan klaster yang lainnya beranggotakan semua aksesi yang lain. Berdasarkan marka SCAR, semua aksesi yang diuji termasuk dalam jarak pagar tipe Meksiko yang tidak beracun. Keragaman rendah dari populasi yang diuji menjadi informasi penting untuk menentukan kebijakan program pemuliaan jarak pagar di masa yang akan datang.

Uji Ketahanan Klon-klon Harapan Tebu terhadap Kekeringan Prima Diarini Riajaya; Djumali Djumali; Bambang Heliyanto
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 12, No 1 (2020): APRIL 2020
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Pengembangan tebu di lahan kering harus didukung oleh ketersediaan varietas tebu tahan kering dan mempunyai rendemen yang tinggi. Penelitian rumah kaca bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat ketahanan klon-klon harapan tebu terhadap cekaman kekeringan. Sebanyak 13 klon-klon harapan tebu masak awal sampai awal tengah dan satu varietas pembanding ditanam di dalam pot mulai Juni sampai Desember 2018 menggunakan benih budchip. Rancangan perlakuan menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi dengan tiga ulangan, petak utama terdiri dari tiga perlakuan kekeringan yaitu (A) kadar air tanah tersedia (KAT) dipertahankan suboptimal 40% (kisaran 38-43%) dan (B) KAT dipertahankan 70% (68-73%) dan (C) KAT dipertahankan optimal 100% (95-100%) saat tanaman berumur setelah satu bulan sampai empat bulan setelah tanam (fase pembentukan anakan). Anak petak teridiri dari 14 klon/varietas pembanding (PS 881). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat ketahanan klon-klon unggul tebu terhadap kekeringan bervariasi dari sangat rentan sampai sangat toleran, yaitu sembilan klon ungggul dengan ketahanan kekeringan yang lebih baik dibanding varietas pembanding (rentan) yaitu MLG 26, MLG 12, MLG 55, dan MLG 11 (moderat), MLG 24 (toleran), MLG 9, MLG 14, MLG 4, dan MLG 49 (sangat toleran). Terdapat tiga klon unggul dengan ketahanan yang sama dengan varietas pembanding yaitu MLG 38, MLG 5, dan MLG 52 (rentan), serta satu klon dengan ketahanan tidak lebih baik dibanding varietas pembanding yaitu MLG 56 (sangat rentan). Drought Resistance Test of Sugarcane Promising ClonesABSTRACT The development of sugarcane in dry land must be supported by the availability of sugarcane dry-resistant varieties and high yield. A greenhouse research was done to determine the level of resistance of sugarcane clones to drought stress using bud chips planted in plastic pots from June to December 2018. The experiment was arranged in a Split Plot Design with three replicates. The main plots consisted of three moisture availability to provide the available soil water (ASW) content maintained at 40% (range 38-43%), 70% (68- 73%) and 100% (95-100%) at the age 1-4 months after planting. Sub plots consisted of 13 clones and one check variety (PS 881). The results showed the level of drought resistance of sugarcane clones varied from very vulnerable to very tolerant, nine clones with better drought resistance compared to check variety (susceptible) namely MLG 26, MLG 12, MLG 55, and MLG 11 (moderate), MLG 24 (tolerant), MLG 9, MLG 14, MLG 4, and MLG 49 (very tolerant). There are three clones with the same level of drought resistance with check variety namely MLG 38, MLG 5, and MLG 52 (susceptible), and one clone namely MLG 56 is very susceptible.

Uji Daya Hasil Genotipe Tebu Potensial di Lahan Kering Abdurrakhman Abdurrakhman; Bambang Heliyanto; Djumali Djumali; Damanhuri Damanhuri; Noer Rahmi Ardiarini
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 10, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Pengembangan tebu di Indonesia saat ini sebagian besar terdapat di lahan kering, oleh karena itu perakitan varietas toleran kekeringan merupakan suatu langkah yang bijaksana, karena merupakan pendekatan yang paling mudah aplikasinya dan ekonomis. Saat ini telah diperoleh beberapa genotipe harapan tebu untuk lahan kering. Penelitian ini bertujuan unuk mengkaji daya hasil genotipe tebu hasil persilangan untuk pengembangan di lahan kering. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Ngemplak, Pati dari bulan Januari sampai dengan November 2017, menggunakan 8 genotipe tebu yang berpotensi toleran kering dibandingkan dengan 2 varietas PS 864 dan Kenthung) sebagai pembanding. Penelitian disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang diulang tiga kali. Petak yang digunakan berukuran 5 m x 10 m, serta jarak pusat ke pusat (PKP) 1 m, atau 10 juring dengan panjang masing-masing 5 m. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah batang per meter juring, jumlah ruas, panjang batang, bobot batang, nilai brix nira batang bagian atas, tengah dan bawah, rendemen serta hasil hablur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genotipe berpengaruh terhadap keragaan hasil tebu dan komponen hasilnya. Genotipe MLG 1308 mempunyai produksi hablur tertinggi diantara genotipe lain, 21% lebih tinggi dibandingkan varietas pembanding PS 864 dan 156% dibandingkan dengan Kenthung. Dengan demikian genotipe MLG 1308 adalah genotipe harapan untuk pengembangan tebu di lahan kering Yield Test of Potential Genotypes of Sugarcane in Dry ConditionsSugarcane cultivation in Indonesia have been mostly done in dry lands, therefore consructing tolerant varieties to dry-agro-ecological condition is a wise decision as it is easily applicable and economically feasible. Currently, some genotypes tolerant to dry condition have been identified. This research was aimed to test the yield performance of potentially drought tolerant genotypes. The reserch was done in Research Station Ngemplak, Pati on January to December 2018, used 8 genotypes and two varieties (PS 864 and Kenthung) as comparision varieties. The research used randomized block design with 3 replicates. Plot size was 5 m x 10 m and the distance from center to center was 1 m, 10 rows with length 5 m per row. The parameters observed were plant height, stem diameter, number of stalk per m row, number of internode per stalk, length and weight of stalk, upper stem brix, mid and lower, sugar content/sucrose content and sugar yield per ha. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test at 5% level. Results showed that genotypes affected the performances of yield and its component characters. MLG 1308 showed the highest sugar yield per ha among the other genotypes, 21 % and 156 % higher than that of variety PS 864 and Kenthung varieties, respectively. Therefore, genotype MLG 1308 is considered as a promising genotype to support the development of sugarcane in dry areas.

Changes of Physical Properties of Sandy Soil And Growth of Physic Nut (Jatropha Curcas L.) Due to Addition of Clay and Organic Matter Djajadi Djajadi; Bambang Heliyanto; Nurul Hidayah
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 33, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v33i3.75

Agricultural sandy soil in Situbondo, East Java province, Indonesia which is used as a center garden for physic nut seed production has poor physical properties of soil indicated by low capacity to retain water. For plant growth of physic nut, the sandy soil physical properties need to be improved. In this study, the influence of addition of clay together with organic matter and intervals of irrigation to sandy soil on aggregate stability, bulk density, total soil porosity, water available content and plant growth of physic nut was investigated. The rates of clay and organic matter incorporated to top sandy soil were 5% clay + 0.8% organic matter and 1O% clay + 1.6% organic matter. Two intervals of irrigation tested were 10 days and 20 days. The results showed that incorporation of clay together with organic matter increased aggregate stability, total soil porosity, available water content and plant growth of physic nut. Intervals of irrigation had no influence of soil physical properties and plant growth.Keywords: agricultural, sandy soil, clay, organic matter, soil properties, physic nut

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