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Spectral Quality Affects Morphogenesis on Anthurium Plantlet during In Vitro Culture Budiarto, Kurniawan
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 32, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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This paper elucidates the effects of LEDs spectral on callus induction, proliferation and shoot development of anthurium plantlet derived from leaf explants. The research was conducted at the Ornamental Research Station, Fukuyama, Japan from January to August 2008. Three experimental series were designed to determine the effects of LED-based spectral compositions i.e. 100% red, 75% red + 25% blue, 50% red + 50% blue, 25% red + 75% blue and 100% blue LEDs on morphogenetic process of callus formation derived from leaf explants up to plantlet formation on two anthurium cultivars, Violeta and Pink Lady. The results showed no differences among cultivars tested but interaction of factors studied were found in all parameters observed. LEDs spectral gave significant influence on the morphogenetic processes from callus induction to complete plantlet formation. Progressive initial callus was promoted with the decrease of blue LEDs portion. Conversely, to proliferate globose to torpedo callus formation, more blue light was required than red LEDs. During shoot induction and formation, hastened shoot initiation and number of shoots were achieved in higher blue LEDs portions, but not in root formations. Keywords : Anthurium, LEDs spectrals, morpho-genesis, plantlet, in vitro

Identification of Ralstonia solanacearum Isolated from a New Host : Cosmos caudatus in Indonesia Hanudin Hanudin; Kurniawan Budiarto; Budi Marwoto
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 21 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

The evolutionary dynamic of pathogenic microorganism might change pathogen-host interaction including the establishment of pathogen colonization in a new host.Â The information of the new host of devastating pathogens will serve a basis for their control method.Â An unknown bacterial wilt disease attacking wild cosmos (Cosmos caudatus) crop in Pacet-Cianjur, Indonesia was suspiciously caused a novel strain of RalstoniaÂ solanacearum.Â The research was carried out to investigate the causal agent, characteristics and its grouping based on the morphological, physiological and biochemical properties and the relationship of the pathogen with the hosts.Â The results showed the incidence of bacterial wilt on wild cosmos was epidemiologically caused by the species complex of pathogen R. solanacearum.Â Based on the symptoms, morphological, physiological, biochemical and pathogenicity evaluations, the strain classified into group 7, race 1 and biovar 3 and group 7.Â This was the first report of the incidence of R. solanacearum hosted naturally in wild cosmos in Indonesia.

Spectral Quality Affects Morphogenesis on Anthurium Plantlet during In Vitro Culture Kurniawan Budiarto
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 32, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v32i3.20

This paper elucidates the effects of LEDs spectral on callus induction, proliferation and shoot development of anthurium plantlet derived from leaf explants. The research was conducted at the Ornamental Research Station, Fukuyama, Japan from January to August 2008. Three experimental series were designed to determine the effects of LED-based spectral compositions i.e. 100% red, 75% red + 25% blue, 50% red + 50% blue, 25% red + 75% blue and 100% blue LEDs on morphogenetic process of callus formation derived from leaf explants up to plantlet formation on two anthurium cultivars, Violeta and Pink Lady. The results showed no differences among cultivars tested but interaction of factors studied were found in all parameters observed. LEDs spectral gave significant influence on the morphogenetic processes from callus induction to complete plantlet formation. Progressive initial callus was promoted with the decrease of blue LEDs portion. Conversely, to proliferate globose to torpedo callus formation, more blue light was required than red LEDs. During shoot induction and formation, hastened shoot initiation and number of shoots were achieved in higher blue LEDs portions, but not in root formations. Keywords : Anthurium, LEDs spectrals, morpho-genesis, plantlet, in vitro

Effects of Varieties, Cutting Health and Fungicide Application on Chrysanthemum White Rust Evi Silvia Yusuf; Kurniawan Budiarto; I. Djatnika; Suhardi Suhardi
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 39, No 1 (2017): FEBRUARY
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v39i1.948

White rust caused by fungal pathogen Puccinia horiana P. Henn. is one devastated disease that could make significant economic loss in chrysanthemum production. The study of effects of varieties, cutting health and fungicide application on chrysanthemum white rust was established. The treatments were arranged in split-split plot completely randomized design with three replications. Three chrysanthemum varieties i.e. cv. Puma White, Reagent Purple and Town Talk served as main plot. Seedlings with 20 % intensity of white rust infection and symptomless functioned as sub plot, while fungicide application on the transplanted cutting (no fungicide) and dithiocarbamate (AntracolR 75 WP, 2 g L-1) application served as sub-sub plot. Result showed genetic background of the cultivars significantly determined the degree of infection of white rust. Reagent Purple exhibited least disease intensities. Fungicide application was less effective in controlling white rust development, yet gave significant impact on the plant height and number of leaves of chrysanthemum plants. Cuttings selection based on the visual observation on the presence or absence of white rust pustules symptom did not gave significant differences on the further development of the disease. The symptomless cuttings were also infected with this fungal disease after the cuttings were planted under plastic house.

Application of PGPR and Antagonist Fungi-based Biofungicide for White Rust Disease Control and Its Economyc Analysis in Chrysanthemum Production Hanudin Hanudin; Kurniawan Budiarto; Budi Marwoto
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 39, No 3 (2017): OCTOBER
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v39i3.1326

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) application in combination with other antagonist microbes as biopesticide have been considered in many crops. Our research was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of these useful combinations with the carrying agent for growth promotion, thus lowering white rust incidence in chrysanthemum production. The experiment was carried out at three cooperative farmer sites located in Cipanas, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia from January to December 2016. The production process was arranged in a paired treatment; a combination of PGPR and antagonist fungi (without supplemental chemical fertilizers and fungicide), furtherly called biofungicide and common farmer practices. The results showed that the application of biofungicide promoted equal plant growth quality as common practices. White rust incidency was lower at biofungicide treatment sites, thus increased the markertable flowers quantity. The production cost was considered more efficient in biofungicide sites, due to cheaper price of biofungicide than chemical fertilizers and fungicide. The increase of marketable stalks and cost efficiency led to an increase of net income of biofungicide-based production as also viewed from higher Revenue Cost Ratio (R/C) than common farmer practices.

Evaluation of Cladosporium sp. Mycoparacites as Biocontrol Agents of White Rust Disease on Chrysanthemum Evi Silvia Yusuf; Kurniawan Budiarto; Indijarto Budi Rahardjo
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 41, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v41i3.1864

Cladosporium is a promising mycoparasite to control white rust disease in chrysanthemum. The research was conducted to evaluate several collected Cladosporium isolates against P. horiana, their parasitism mechanism and population dynamic in a production cycle. The experiment was carried out at the Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute (IOCRI) from January to December 2015. Ten Cladosporium isolates with two synthetic fungicides and one negative control were designedly sprayed on chrysanthemum cv White Fiji. The results showed that Cladosporium isolates gave varied suppression to white rust intensity. Isolates HNC, DC, SGC and UC had higher parasitism and suppression intensities than other isolates and their effectiveness was the same as synthetic fungicides. Longer flower vase life was produced from Cladosporium and synthetic fungicide treated plants, while flower stalk and diameter were less affected by the Cladosporium applications. The population dynamic of Cladosporium was accordingly responded with the rust intensity in Cladosporium-treated plants. The parasitizing mechanism of Cladosporium to P. horiana was through teliospores envelopment resulted in the changes of teliospores morphology.

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