Hanudin Hanudin
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Penapisan Beberapa Isolat Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis dan Trichoderma harzianum yang bersifat Antagonistik terhadap Ralstonia solanacearum pada Tanaman Kentang Hersanti Hersanti; Rian Triyanti Rupendi; Andang Purnama; Hanudin Hanudin; Budi Marwoto; Oni Setiani Gunawan
Agrikultura Vol 20, No 3 (2009): Desember, 2009
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (227.049 KB) | DOI: 10.24198/agrikultura.v20i3.957

Abstract

Penyakit layu bakteri yang disebabkan oleh R. solanacearum merupakan salah satu penyakit penting yang menyerang tanaman kentang. Salah satu alternatif pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan adalah menggunakan mikroba antagonis seperti Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, dan Trichoderma harzianum. Tujuan penelitian adalah  untuk mendapatkan isolat mikroba antagonis terbaik yang paling menekan  penyakit layu bakteri pada tanaman kentang.  Dua percobaan pada penelitian ini menggunakan  Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Percobaan  in vitro menguji daya hambat tiga isolat  P. Fluorescens,  dua isolat B. subtilis, satu isolat B. cereus dan  3 isolat T. harzianum terhadap perkembangan koloni  R. solanacearum pada media King’s B. Percobaan  in vivo menguji kemampuan seluruh isolat terhadap penekanan serangan penyakit layu pada tanaman kentang.  Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa isolat T. harzianum 1, T. harzianum 2 dan T. harzianum 3 mampu menekan penyakit layu bakteri pada tanaman kentang dengan persentase penghambatan berturut-turut 77,21 %,  77,21 %, dan 63,57 %.
Konservasi in vitro dua aksesi lili mealui modifikasi media kultur Kurniawan Budiarto; Indijarto Budi Raharjo; Hanudin Hanudin; Wakiah Nuryani
Jurnal Agro Vol 7, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/4179

Abstract

Konservasi in vitro merupakan salah satu alternatif penyimpanan materi genetik dalam kondisi aseptik. Metode ini dapat mengurangi resiko kepunahan materi genetik akibat kondisi lingkungan yang ekstrem dan kerumitan pengelolaan pada skala in vivo terutama untuk tanaman yang berasal dari subtropis, seperti lili. Metode penghambatan pertumbuhan dan ketahanan plantlet selama perlakuan konservasi merupakan faktor penting untuk kelangsungan hidup materi genetik yang disimpan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi media konservasi melalui modifikasi kandungan nutrien dan konsentrasi sukrosa untuk konservasi in vitro jangka menengah terhadap dua aksesi lili yaitu lokal Lilium longiflorum dan cv. Candilongi. Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias mulai Januari 2015 sampai September 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan laju kematian plantlet semakin meningkat seiring dengan lamanya waktu penyimpanan. Laju kematian plantlet dengan pertumbuhan daun yang terendah diperlihatkan oleh plantlet Lili yang dikonservasi pada media ¼ MS + 7 % sukrosa dengan kisaran 27-31 % setelah 24 bulan penyimpanan. Dua genotipe lili menunjukkan respon pertumbuhan yang berbeda selama konservasi in vitro dan in vivo, namun tidak pada media konservasi yang dicoba. Plantlet lili lokal L. longiflorum mempunyai jumlah daun lebih sedikit selama konservasi in vitro. Sedangkan cv. Candilongi memperlihatkan tinggi tanaman yang lebih rendah dengan jumlah bunga lebih banyak dan ukuran bunga lebih besar pada evaluasi in vivo. ABSTRACTIn vitro conservation is an alternative method of plant genetic resources preservation in aseptic condition. The method has successfully applied in many crops and reduced the limitation of in vivoconservation of non-native crop as Lily planted in the tropic area. Growth inhibition method and plantlet resistance are important factors to ensure the life-span of the conserved plantlet during in vitro storage. The research aimed to evaluate the media compositions and sucrose concentrations for mid-term conservation of two Lilium accessions, local L. longiflorum and cv. Candilongi. The experiment was carried out at Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute from January 2015 to September 2017. The results showed the plantlet death rates increased in line with the duration of storages. After 24 months storage, plantlets conserved under ¼ MS + 7% sucrose showed fewer numbers of leaves and death plantlets in the range of 27-31%. Growth plantlet retardation during storage was merely detected on local L. longiflorum that showed less leaves development. Plantlet of cv. Candilongi had shorter plant height, yet bigger flower size and higher number of flower per plant under in vivo evaluation.
Formulasi Biopestisida Berbahan Aktif Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, dan Corynebacterium sp. Nonpatogenik untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Karat pada Krisan Hanudin Hanudin; Wakiah Nuryani; Evi Silvia; Ika Djatnika; Budi Marwoto
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 20, No 3 (2010): September 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v20n3.2010.p%p

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Karat putih yang disebabkan oleh Puccinia horiana merupakan salah satu penyakit pada krisan yangdapat menimbulkan kehilangan hasil sampai 100% . Selama ini untuk mengendalikan patogen tersebut, petani seringmenggunakan pestisida kimiawi. Hal tersebut sangat mengkhawatirkan mengingat penggunaan fungisida sintetiksecara berlebihan dapat mencemari lingkungan yang membahayakan bagi kehidupan makhluk hidup. Oleh karenaitu, cara pengendalian alternatif yang efektif dan aman bagi lingkungan diperlukan untuk mengendalikan penyakitkarat putih pada krisan. Salah satu alternatif cara pengendalian penyakit karat yaitu dengan mengaplikasikanbiopestisida yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium, rumah kaca, dan rumah plastik KebunPercobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias (1.100 m dpl), pada bulan April 2009 sampai Februari 2010. Tiga spesiesbakteri antagonis sebagai bahan aktif biopestisida (Bacillus subtilis Cs 1a, Corynebacterium sp.1, dan Pseudomonasflurescens 3 Sm) dan bahan pembawa (campuran antara ekstrak kascing, molase, gula pasir, dan atau kentang),masing-masing diformulasi dalam 12 jenis formula biopestisida cair. Formulasi biopestisida difermentasikan selama3 minggu dalam keadaan aerobik menggunakan biofermentor. Viabilitas bahan aktif dalam bahan pembawa diujisetiap bulan, yaitu pada periode sebelum dan sesudah fermentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa populasi bahanaktif setelah difermentasi selama 3 minggu selalu meningkat, populasi bahan aktif sebelum fermentasi sejumlah 105cfu/ml meningkat menjadi 106-7 cfu/ml. Dua bulan setelah fermentasi, populasi bahan aktif biopestisida masih tetaptinggi yaitu berkisar antara 106-11 cfu/ml. Perlakuan ekstrak kascing + gula pasir + B. subtilis + P. fluorescens +Corynebacterium pada tingkat konsentrasi 0,3% merupakan perlakuan terbaik. Disamping dapat menekan intensitasserangan P. horiana (38,49%), formulasi biopestisida tersebut juga dapat menaikkan hasil panen bunga krisan layakjual sebanyak 14,58%.ABSTRACT. Hanudin, W. Nuryani, E. Silvia, I. Djatnika, and B. Marwoto. 2010. Formulation of BiopesticideContaining Bacilllus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Corynebacterium sp. for Controlling WhiteRust Disease on Chrysanthemum. White rust caused by Puccinia horiana is one of the contagious diseases ofchrysanthemum that is able to cause yield losses up to 100%. Chemical synthetic fungicides have been used tocontrol the disease. Because of harmful effects of the synthetic fungicides, the other alternative measure to controlthe disease have to be developed in order to support the sustainable farming system. One of the recommended controlmeasures is the application of biopesticide which is environmentaly friendly. The experiments were conducted inthe laboratory, glasshouse, and plastichouse of Indonesia Ornamental Crops Research Institute (1,100 m asl), fromApril 2009–February 2010. Three candidates of biocontrol agents, i.e. B. subtilis Cs 1a, Corynebacterium sp.1, andP. fluorescens 3 Sm, were formulated with organic basal medium made from fermented worm manure, molasses,sugar, and or potatoes extracts. Twelve formulations were tested for their effectiveness to control the disease in thefield. The viability of the biocontrol agents in the formulations was monthly tested before and after fermentationprocess during storage. Population of the biocontrol agents, after fermentation for 3 weeks was increased from 105to 106-7 cfu/ml. Two months after fermentation the population of the biocontrol agents was still high (106-11 cfu/ml).The results showed that the formulation of vermicompost + sugar + B. subtilis + P. fluorescens + Corynebacteriumat the concentration level of 0.3%, was proven to be the best treatment. The treatment was effective to supress whiterust up to 38.49%, and could also increase the yield of marketable chrysanthemum flowers up to 14.58%.
Application of PGPR and Antagonist Fungi-based Biofungicide for White Rust Disease Control and Its Economyc Analysis in Chrysanthemum Production Hanudin Hanudin; Kurniawan Budiarto; Budi Marwoto
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 39, No 3 (2017): OCTOBER
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v39i3.1326

Abstract

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) application in combination with other antagonist microbes as biopesticide have been considered in many crops. Our research was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of these useful combinations with the carrying agent for growth promotion, thus lowering white rust incidence in chrysanthemum production. The experiment was carried out at three cooperative farmer sites located in Cipanas, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia from January to December 2016. The production process was arranged in a paired treatment; a combination of PGPR and antagonist fungi (without supplemental chemical fertilizers and fungicide), furtherly called biofungicide and common farmer practices. The results showed that the application of biofungicide promoted equal plant growth quality as common practices. White rust incidency was lower at biofungicide treatment sites, thus increased the markertable flowers quantity. The production cost was considered more efficient in biofungicide sites, due to cheaper price of biofungicide than chemical fertilizers and fungicide. The increase of marketable stalks and cost efficiency led to an increase of net income of biofungicide-based production as also viewed from higher Revenue Cost Ratio (R/C) than common farmer practices.