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All Journal POSITRON Jurnal Geocelebes Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Jurnal Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika Journal of Experimental and Applied Physics Journal of The Physical Society of Indonesia
Suaidi Ahadi
Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jalan Ganesa No.10 Bandung 40123, Indonesia
Astronomy Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics

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PENGAMATAN ANOMALI ULF FASE PRA-SEISMIK UNTUK PREKURSOR GEMPA BUMI DI LAUT MALUKU PERIODE NOVEMBER-DESEMBER 2014 Ahadi, Suaidi; Harjadi, Prih; Kurniawati, Indah
Jurnal Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika Vol 3 No 1 (2016): Jurnal Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika
Publisher : Unit Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Sekolah Tinggi Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika

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Abstract

Gempa bumi besar di Laut Maluku pada 15 November 2014 Mw 7,1 dan 21 Desember 2014 Mw 6,3 telah dilakukan pengamatan prekursor dengan anomali ULF. Data MAGDAS dari stasiun Manado (MND) , Pare-Pare (PRP) dan Sicincin (SCN) diolah sejak 31 Oktober hingga 31 Desember 2014. Untuk menginvestigasi anomali ULF sebelum gempa bumi digunakan metode analisis polarisasi rasio komponen Z dan H (SZ/SH) dan polarisasi rasio komponen horizontal stasiun utama dan referensi(SH1/SH2). Indeks DST perlu dibandingkan dengan hasil polarisasi untuk memastikan anomali saat hari tenang berasal dari aktivitas litosfer. Berdasarkan hasil kedua metode di atas diperoleh adanya anomali sebelum gempa bumi terjadi dengan lead time 14 hari untuk gempa Mw 7,1 dan lead time 4 hari sebelum gempa Mw 6,3. Kata kunci : ULF, anomali, prekursor gempa bumi, metode polarisasi rasio
PERUBAHAN SINYAL EMISI ULF (ULTRA LOW FREQUENCY) PRA KEJADIAN GEMPABUMI DI WILAYAH BENGKULU TAHUN 2015 Daniarsyad, Gatut; Ahadi, Suaidi; Pudja, I Putu; Wulandari, Tri
Jurnal Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika Vol 3 No 3 (2016): Jurnal Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika
Publisher : Unit Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Sekolah Tinggi Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika

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Abstract

Fenomena medan magnet bumi yang berkaitan dengan kejadian gempabumi menjadi pembahasan yang sedang gencar dilakukan sebagai prekursor jangka pendek. Pulau Sumatera yang berhadapan langsung dengan zona tumbukan lempeng Eurasia dan Indo-Australia masih menjadi obyek penelitian prekursor yang menarik untuk dibahas sebagai salah satu langkah dalam usaha mitigasi bencana. Perkembangan kota-kota di pesisir barat Bengkulu dan Lampung menjadi salah satu faktor dalam pelaksanaan penelitian prekursor ini. Penerapan metode polarisasi sinyal emisi ULF pada dua kasus gempabumi di wilayah Bengkulu berikut cukup menarik untuk diteliti hubungannya. Kasus yang diambil adalah gempabumi tanggal 2 April 2015 Mw=5,7 dan 15 Mei 2015 Mw=6,0 dengan jarak masing-masing 168 km dan 343 km terhadap stasiun magnet bumi Liwa (LWA). Data yang digunakan adalah data jaringan MAGDAS dengan stasiun pencatat LWA dan stasiun referensi GSI dengan metode yang digunakan adalah polarisasi power rasio SZ/SH pada frekuensi 0,012 Hz dan 0,022 Hz. Untuk memonitor gangguan magnet bumi global digunakan data indeks Dst. Selanjutnya dilakukan metode Diff pada polarisasi power rasio komponen H antara stasiun LWA dengan stasiun referensi GSI. Hasilnya diperoleh adanya peningkatan sinyal emisi ULF yang berasosiasi dengan kedua gempabumi tersebut dengan lead time anomali masing-masing 24 hari dan 23 hari sebelum kejadian gempa. Kata kunci: prekursor, onset time, magnet bumi, emisi ULF
Simulator Gempa Menggunakan Konsep Vibrating Table Berbasis Sensor MPU6050 Audia, Washilla; Yulkifli, Yulkifli; Nofriandi, Alwi; Yohandri, Yohandri; Ahadi, Suaidi
POSITRON Vol 14, No 2 (2024): Vol. 14 No. 2 Edition
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Univetsitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/positron.v14i2.76159

Abstract

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan wilayah berpotensi gempa tertinggi di dunia, yang sering kali menimbulkan kerugian besar. Simulator gempa berbiaya rendah menjadi topik penting dalam berbagai penelitian untuk mendukung mitigasi bencana. Oleh karenanya, pengembangan dan pengujian vibrating table semakin banyak dilakukan di pusat penelitian teknik gempa di seluruh dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan simulator gempa berbasis konsep vibrating table yang hemat biaya, mudah digunakan, dan akurat, dengan memanfaatkan sensor MPU6050 untuk karakterisasi getaran. Sistem ini menggunakan motor DC sebagai sumber getaran, sementara sensor MPU6050 mendeteksi getaran yang terjadi saat simulator diujikan dan mengukur percepatan getaran yang dihasilkan. Purwarupa yang dikembangkan ini kemudian dikalibrasi menggunakan vibration meter sebagai alat ukur standar. Pada penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa variasi kecepatan putar motor (rpm) memengaruhi hasil respons dari percepatan getaran (m/s2) pada prototipe simulator gempa dan memiliki hubungan berbanding lurus.  Simulator ini memiliki tingkat ketepatan 96,1% dan ketelitian 99,6% setelah kalibrasi. Dengan demikian, purwarupa ini mampu menyimulasikan gempa dengan respons getaran yang akurat dan  menjadikannya solusi yang memiliki potensi dalam pengembangan teknologi mitigasi bencana yang terjangkau dan efektif.
Coulomb Stress Change of Active Fault in South Sumatra Region Revealed from Kerinci Earthquake October 06, 1995 Mw 6.7 and Sungai Penuh Earthquake October 01, 2009 Mw 6.6 Fadhlurrohman, Rafi; Syafriani, S.; Raharjo, Furqon D.; Yusran Asnawi; Ahadi, Suaidi
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024): JGEET Vol 09 No 03 : September (2024)
Publisher : UIR PRESS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25299/jgeet.2024.9.3.19273

Abstract

We successfully highlight the correlation of Static Stress Change (ΔCFF) in the Kerimci earthquake October 06, 1995 Mw 6.7 and Sungai Penuh earthquake October 01, 2009 Mw 6.6 earthquakes to the seismicity conditions. The data used in this study are focal mechanism obtained from Global Centroid Moment Tensor (GCMT) and seismicity obtained from USGS with M ≥ 4 after the main earthquake with a time span of 11 years. ΔCFF obtained in the Mentawai Fault System area has increased coulomb stress. ΔCFF obtained in the Suliti Segment, Ketaun Segment, and Back arc Basin of Jambi experienced an increase in stress, which can indicate the potential for future earthquakes, but there was no increase in seismicity. Besides that, ΔCFF in areas that experienced a decrease in stress, experienced an increase in seismicity. This is caused by background seismicity in the area and several factors influence the results of the calculation of ΔCFF against seismicity. Simplicity in calculation causes difficulty in explaining seismicity, especially in the blue lobe. Moreover, the use of receiver fault mechanism produces a very large error in the complex regional stress field. The use of a constant friction coefficient also produces a very large error in the calculation.
Relocation of the Hypocenter of an Earthquake with the Double Difference Method in the Mentawai Hanifah Maulani, Siti; Refrizon, Refrizon; Samdara, Rida; Agung Satria, Lori; Ahadi, Suaidi
JURNAL GEOCELEBES Vol. 9 No. 2: October 2025
Publisher : Departemen Geofisika, FMIPA - Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70561/geocelebes.v9i2.43009

Abstract

This research aimed to accurately relocate the hypocenter of earthquakes in the Mentawai region to enhance precision in hypocenter determination. The arrival time data used were secondary data recorded in the seiscomp4 software at BMKG Class I Padang Panjang. The dataset comprised 66,979 arrival time data point form 2,380 earthquakes that occurred between September 2023 and September 2024. The Double-difference method, utilizing the Crust 2.0 velocity models, was employed for the relocation process. This method evaluated two hypocenters using a single recording station, provided that the distance between the hypocenters was less than the distance to the recording station. The HypoDD program was used for data processing. The relocation results indicated that the hypocenter had shifted and exhibited an increasing tendency toward cluster formation. The hypocenter depth was adjusted from an initial average of approximately 41.05 km to 51.05 km. This shift suggested am improvement in the quality of residual distribution. The enhancement of earthquake hypocenter resolution supported disaster mitigation by accelerating early warnings, improving construction safety in earthquake-prone areas, and optimizing emergency response. The relocation results in the Mentawai region identified 89 earthquake hypocenter points out of the 94 points recorded before relocation.
Design and Construction of A 3-Dimensional Vibration Measurment Tool Using Accelerometer Sensors Based On The IoT For Implementations of Building Structures Gabe, Totop; Yulkifli, Yulkifli; Yohandri, Yohandri; Ahadi, Suaidi
Journal of Experimental and Applied Physics Vol 2 No 2 (2024): June Edition
Publisher : Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/jeap.v2i2.55

Abstract

The building structure plays a crucial role in distributing the loads exerted by the building onto the ground, ensuring its strength to prevent collapse or damage. A common form of building damage is cracking due to vibrations. These vibrations can originate from both inside and outside the building, often at low frequencies. To address this, a vibration measuring instrument needs to be designed using a 3-Dimensional Accelerometer sensor to facilitate easier detection and data acquisition, thereby minimizing errors in measuring low vibrations caused by human activities that impact the durability of building structures. The research focuses on developing a tool to measure 3-dimensional vibrations in buildings using an Internet of Things (IoT)-based accelerometer sensor. This engineering research aims to design a 3-dimensional vibration measuring instrument. The resulting design includes performance specifications and system design specifications. The system's performance specifications cover the electronic circuit of the tool and the design of the measurement value monitoring display. The system employs the MPU6050 sensor to measure vibrations, with Arduino Uno as the main microcontroller and NodeMCU ESP32 for transmitting measurement data from Arduino to the web server. Experimental tests were conducted to measure vibration frequency by repeatedly dropping a 100-gram load from a height of 70 cm onto a wooden table. The load was dropped 10 times, maintaining a 2 cm distance from the coordinates of the measuring device. The experiments provided real-time measurement results, showing varying frequencies each second. The device successfully detected very low vibrations, with a minimum recorded frequency of 11.26 mHz and a peak of 93.18 mHz in the sixth experiment. The varying results across experiments were influenced by factors such as measurement sensitivity, filtering, sampling frequency, calibration, data processing, and noise minimization. The analysis confirmed that the tool could detect vibrations every second with high sensitivity, making it suitable for real-time detection of various low-frequency vibrations under consistent load conditions
Seismic Microzonation of Toba Lake Region Using Microtremor Analysis Surya Nanda, Fauzan; Raharjo, Furqon; Ahadi, Suaidi
Journal of the Physical Society of Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : The Physical Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35895/jpsi.2.1.34-46.2026

Abstract

The Toba Lake region, characterized by complex volcanic and tectonic history, represents a significant seismic hazard zone due to its proximity to the active Sumatra Fault System and heterogeneous geological conditions. This study applies the Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method using microtremor data to assess seismic vulnerability across the region. Three-component microtremor recordings from 29 stations were analyzed to derive key seismic parameters including predominant frequency (), amplification factor (), dominant period (), and seismic vulnerability index (). The results reveal significant spatial variations in seismic hazard parameters, with high vulnerability zones concentrated in the central and southern areas, characterized by low predominant frequencies (0.6-1.2 Hz), high amplification factors (up to 12.0), long dominant periods (1.2-2.1 seconds), and elevated vulnerability indices (Kg > 8.0). These zones correspond to Quaternary alluvial deposits with soft, unconsolidated sediments. Conversely, northern and northwestern regions exhibit lower vulnerability with high predominant frequencies (>2.0 Hz), low amplification factors (<4.0), short dominant periods (<0.6 seconds), and reduced vulnerability indices (Kg < 3.0), correlating with consolidated Miocene volcanic rocks. Critical high-risk areas include measurement points LT34, LT14, LT17, LT21, and LT49, while point LT20 in Tarutung, located along the Sumatra Fault Zone, demonstrates the compound effect of active tectonics and soft geological conditions. The resulting microzonation maps provide a regional-scale framework for seismic hazard identification and disaster risk mitigation planning, and can serve as a reference for prioritizing areas requiring more detailed, site-specific investigations.
Co-Seismic Surface Deformation Associated with the 2 May 2025 Padang Panjang Earthquake Derived from Sentinel-1 DInSAR Khairunnisa, Khairunnisa; Ahadi, Suaidi; Agung Satria, Lori
Journal of the Physical Society of Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : The Physical Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35895/jpsi.2.1.1-11.2026

Abstract

This study analyzed surface deformation associated with the Mw 4.8 earthquake that occurred in Padang Panjang, West Sumatra, on May 2, 2025. The purpose of this research was to identify surface changes using Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) with Sentinel-1A imagery from the European Space Agency. The analysis covered the pre-earthquake period (April 8–May 2, 2025) and the post-earthquake period (May 2–June 7, 2025). The deformation values represented displacement along the satellite Line of Sight (LOS). The results showed a clear spatial change between the two periods. Before the earthquake, the area near the epicenter exhibited LOS displacement values of approximately +0.45 mm, while after the earthquake, the values decreased to around −0.045 mm, indicating relative subsidence along the LOS direction. The observed LOS displacement difference of about −0.495 mm suggested a surface response to seismic activity. However, the deformation magnitude was relatively small and may have been influenced by atmospheric effects, decorrelation, and interferometric noise. Therefore, the results were interpreted cautiously without strong tectonic attribution. This study demonstrated the capability of DInSAR to detect subtle surface deformation in seismic regions.
Estimation Model Peak Ground Acceleration at Bedrock and Surface of The Pasaman Barat Earthquake on February 25, 2022 M_w 6.1 Raharjo, Furqon Dawam; Syafriani, Syafriani; Ahadi, Suaidi
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 14, No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v14i1.72221

Abstract

The earthquake occured on february 25, 2022 in West Pasaman, Province West Sumatera with momen magnitude Mw6.1, produced strong ground motion so that many several buildings were damaged.  The peak ground  acceleration (PGA) represents its level ground acceleration in bedrock and peak surface acceleration (PGAm) describes the acceleration value on the surface which depends on the amplification factor and the type of soil classification. Information  peak ground acceleration (PGA) and peak surface acceleration (PGAm) values plays an important role in describing the level of damage due to earthquake events. The purpose this study for determine the peak ground  acceleration (PGA) and  peak surface acceleration (PGAm) for West Pasaman earthquake Mw6.1 using boore (1997) attenuation model. In this study using parameter data main earthquake and then peak ground acceleration (PGA) value calculated each grid points and  then analysis peak surface acceleration (PGAm) value is based on the effect of site class from information Vs30 USGS model on peak ground acceleration (PGA) at bedrock from SNI 1726 : 2012. The result in this study showed peak ground acceleration and  peak surface acceleration value  in due West Pasaman earthquake  ranged  between 0.066 - 0.345 g and 0.223 - 0.627 g. The areas affected by heavy damage occured  in Kajai, Rimbo Panti, Malampah and Tigo Nagari Subdistrict with peak ground acceleration and peak surface acceleration value around 0.115 - 0,345 g and 0.423 - 0.627 g respectively and was dominated with type site class moderate soil (SD) based on Vs30 data form USGS model.
Co-Authors Agung Satria, Lori Alwi Nofriandi Audia, Washilla Daniarsyad, Gatut Fadhlurrohman, Rafi Gabe, Totop Hanifah Maulani, Siti Harjadi, Prih Indah Kurniawati Khairunnisa Khairunnisa Pudja, I Putu Raharjo, Furqon Raharjo, Furqon D. Raharjo, Furqon Dawam Refrizon Refrizon Rida Samdara Surya Nanda, Fauzan Syafriani Syafriani, Syafriani Syafriani, S. Tri Wulandari Yohandri Bow Yulkifli Yulkifli Yusran Asnawi