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All Journal Buletin Kebun Raya REINWARDTIA BERITA BIOLOGI Marine Research in Indonesia Berita Biologi

Kuswata Kartawinata

Program Studi Biologi Program Pascasarjana, FMIPA UI, Depok 16424, Indonesia Botany Department, Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illionis, 60605-2496, Amerika Serikat Herbarium Bogoreiense, Pusat Penelitian Biologi, LIPI, Jl. Raya J

Author-ID : 480810

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Education

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Floristic Study of West Sumbawa, Indonesia Wiriadinata, Harry; Girmansyah, Deden; Hunter, James; Hoover, W. Scoot; Kartawinata, Kuswata
REINWARDTIA Vol 13, No 5 (2013): Vol. 13, No. 5
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

A floristic survey was undertaken in mountains forest of West Sumbawa and some surrounding lower forests, an area of Indonesia receiving limited biological study. Three hundred sixteen species of Angiosperms and ferns were collected from this area in 2004 and 2005. The collection represents 101 families and 234 genera.

FLORISTIC DIVERSITY AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MANGROVE FOREST OF RAJA AMPAT, WEST PAPUA, INDONESIA Prawiroatmodjo, Suhardjono; Kartawinata, Kuswata
REINWARDTIA Vol 14, No 1 (2014): Vol. 14 No. 1
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

We studiedÂ the floristic compostion and structure of mangrove forests and mangrove species distribution at the Raja Ampat Regency, West PapuaÂ We sampled the forests using (10x10 m) quadrats to record trees and saplingsÂ laid out contiguously along 9 transects of 60 â 450 m long,Â stretching perpendicularly from the coastlines or riverbanks to the landward borders. Seedlings were sampled using a 1x1 m subplot nested in each quadrat.Â The transects were established on the islands ofÂ Batanta (6), SalawatiÂ (2). and Waigeo (1).Â Within quadrats and transects we recorded 17 mangrove species of trees with density of 768 stems/ha and basal area ofÂ 37.82 m2/ha and tree height ofÂ 10 â 30 m.Â Â Two species possessedÂ the highest importance valueÂ (IV) , frequency, density and basal areaÂ i.e. Rhizophora apiculata (IV=168.06 %) and Â Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (IV=67.18).Â They also showed the highest similarity in their distribution,Â indicating highest degree of association.Â The mangrove at Raja Ampat may, therefore,Â be designated as the Rhizophora apiculata-Bruguiera gymnorrhiza Association. Other species with highest degree of distributional similarities but with low densities, basal areas and importance values were Barringtonia racemosa, Excoecaria agallocha, Hibiscus tiliaceus, Inocarpus fagifera,Â Lumnitzera littorea and Sterculia shillinglawii,Â of which four of them are notÂ true mangrove species, usually growing on less saline and more solid soils. The floristic composition of the transects in the three islands showed relatively high similarities of about 70 % and at higher similarities the transects in Batanta Island formed four groups, Salawati Island two groups and Waigeo Island one group.The Bray-Curtis polar ordinationÂ resulted in four groupsÂ of transects, which were related to the habitatÂ conditions and the length of the transects. Species diversity in the islands was very low, where theÂ Shannon diversity indexÂ rangedÂ fromÂ 0.19 to 0.64 givingÂ the averageÂ of 0.42. Rhizophora apiculata and Bruguiera gymnorrhizaÂ were gregenerating well and in the future they will remain dominant.Â The mangrove forests of the Raja Ampat Islands by any means should be maintained as green belts andÂ protected from all kinds of destruction and should be made into conservation areas in order to sustain its ability to provide ecological servicesÂ and non-destructive economic benefits.

PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE MONTANE FOREST ON THE SOUTH SLOPE OF MT. WILIS, EAST JAVA, INDONESIA Purwaningsih, Purwaningsih; Polosakan, Ruddy; Yusuf, Razali; Kartawinata, Kuswata
REINWARDTIA Vol 16, No 1 (2017): Vol.16 No.1
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

PURWANINGSIH, POLOSOKAN, R., YUSUF, R. & KARTAWINATA, K. 2017. Phytosociological study of the montane forest on the south slope of Mt. Wilis, East Java. Indonesia. Reinwardtia 16(1): 31 - 45. âA phytosociological stud y of a montane forest was carried out on the south slope of Mount Wilis, Kediri, East Java. The objective of the study was to do quantitative measurements of floristic composition and structure of the montane forest located within the seasonally dry climatic region as to date no such study has been undertaken there. It was conducted using the quadrat method by establishing plots of 2500 m2 each at five locations at the altitudes of 1100 m asl (above sea level), 1200 m asl, 1300 m asl, 1400 m asl and 1500 m asl, thus the total area sampled was 1.25 ha. They were Plot1100 at Bekayang, Plot1200 at Bukit Bendera, Plot1300 at Batutulis, Plot1400 at Mergosepi and Plot1500 at Brak. A total of 1045 trees comprising 74 species of 50 genera and 33 families were recorded. Based on a species constancy index of 100 %, the Saurauia nudiflora-Weinmannia blumei association was established. The association consisted of (1) the Cyathea-Polycias subassociation, representing the heavily disturbed forest, currently dominated by Cyathea contaminans and (2) the Villebrunea-Syzygium subassociation, representing the least disturbed forests, dominated by Syzygium lineatum and Villebrunea rubescens. The lowest number of species (13) was recorded in Plot1100 and the highest number (39) in Plot1300. Important species recorded included Cyathea contaminans (Importance Value, IV= 47.97); Lithocarpus sp. (IV= 22.07); Lithocarpus sundaicus (IV= 14.05); Saurauia pendula (IV= 12.85); Villebrunea rubescens (IV= 12.12) and Syzygium lineatum (IV= 11.22). Diameter measurements showed that 76.60 % of trees in Plot1100 and 86.60 % in Plot1200 consist of small individuals with diameters between 10 and 30 cm. Trees with large diameters of >30 cm occurred in Plot1300, Plot1400 and Plot1500. The presence of large numbers of small trees and lesser numbers of trees with large diameters in a forest stand indicated that the stand was regenerating after heavy disturbance. The presence of the majority of trees with height of < 20 m (99 %) further confirmed the forestâs dynamic status.Â

A STUDY OF THE UNDERGROWTH VEGETATION OF SEMPU ISLAND, EAST JAVA, INDONESIA SADILI, ASEP; KARTAWINATA, KUSWATA
REINWARDTIA Vol 15, No 1 (2016): Vol.15 No.1
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

SADILI, A. & KARTAWINATA, K. 2016. A study of the undergrowth vegetation of Sempu Island, East Java, Indonesia. Reinwardtia 15(1): 1 - 9. â A study of forest floor vegetation in coastal forest (site 1) and inland lowland forest (site 2) was carried out at the Sempu Island Nature Reserve, Malang Regency, East Java. The objective of the study is to obtain data on plant species diversity, species composition and structure of the forest floor vegetation. In each site the vegetation was sampled with a plot of 1 m Ã 50 m, which was divided into 50 subplots of 1 m Ã 1 m each. Overall from the two plots we recorded 59 species, 57 genera and 39 families. Shannon-Wienner diversity indices (Hâ) were relatively high. i.e., 4.47 in Plot 1 and 3.2 in Plot 2, with a mean of 3.84. The number of the seedlings of shrubs and trees was greater than that of the herbaceous species. The families having the highest number of species were Euphorbiaceae (6 species) and Fabaceae (5 species). Based on dominant species the vegetation in Plot 1 was designated as Scleria lithosperma-Asystasia nemorum community type, while in Plot 2 Pterospermum javanicum-Knema sp. community type. The similarity index between these community types was only 18%. Only P. javanicumÂ showed a good regeneration and the regeneration of other species in the two community types was poor, indicating unclear floristic changes in the forest of the Sempu Island.

TREE SPECIES DIVERSITY IN THE LOWLAND FOREST OF THE CORE ZONE OF THE BUKIT DUABELAS NATIONAL PARK, JAMBI, INDONESIA RAHMAH, RAHMAH; KARTAWINATA, KUSWATA; NISYAWATI, NISYAWATI; WARDHANA, WISNU; NURDIN, ERWIN
REINWARDTIA Vol 15, No 1 (2016): Vol.15 No.1
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

RAHMAH, KARTAWINATA, K., NISYAWATI, WARDHANA, W. & NURDIN, E. 2016. Tree species diversity in the lowland forest of the core zone of the Bukit Duabelas National Park, Jambi, Indonesia. Reinwardtia 15(1): 11 - 26. â An analysis of the composition and structure of a one-hectare plot of forest on a lowland hill slope in the eastern core zone of the Bukit Duabelas National Park, Jambi, was conducted in October and November 2012. The objective of the study was to obtain a descriptive account of the structure and tree species composition of a lowland forest in the eastern core zone of the park. The plot was divided into 100 subplots ofÂ (10 m Ã 10 m) each and the seedling subplots (5 m Ã 5 m) were nested in the sapling subplots. A total of 414 trees were recorded with DBH (Diameter at Breast Height) ?10 cm, representing 113 species and 38 families, with the total BA (Basal Area)Â of 25.71 m2 and Shannon- Wiener diversity index of 4.29. Prunus arborea with IV (Importance Value) of 19.19 is the dominant species and the other prevalent species were, Dracontomelon dao (IV =11.46) and Hydnocarpus sp. (IV =11.38). A total of 44 species (38.9%) had each density of 1 tree/ha, which may be considered locally rare. Ficus fistulosa had the highest density (24 trees/ha) and Prunus arborea had the highest BA (3.28 m2 = 12.8% of the total). Only 10 species had F (frequency) of 8-18%, of which Hydnocarpus sp. had the highest (18%); the remaining species had F<8%, which may be considered locally rare. Moraceae (IV= 34.05) was the dominant family. The two richest families were Moraceae (11) and Clusiaceae (9). A total of 61 species were registered in the Sumatra checklist and one of them was endemic (Baccaurea dulcis). A total of 13 species are listed in the IUCN Red List. The forest is a developing community after disturbance in the past with poor regeneration. Species with complete representation of trees, saplings and seedlings will probably remain in the forest in the future.

PHYTOSOCIOLOGY OF A LOWER MONTANE FOREST ON MT. BATULANTEH, SUMBAWA, INDONESIA Mansur, Muhammad; Kartawinata, Kuswata
REINWARDTIA Vol 16, No 2 (2017): Vol 16 No. 2
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

MANSUR, M & KARTAWINATA, K. 2017. Phytosociology of a Lower Montane Forest on Mt. Batulanteh, Sumbawa, Indonesia. Reinwardtia 16 (2): 77-92. â While Indonesiaâs forests are globally known for their high species diversity but many regions remain little known to investigate the tree community in a lower montane forest at Mt. Batulanteh in Sumbawa. We subjectively laid out plots of 1,800 m2 each, two in secondary forests and one in a disturbed primary forest. All stems over 5 cm diameters were measured and identified. In the plot of 0,54 hectare, we recorded 723 individuals, representing 78 species, 60 genera and 33 families. Estimated volume of boles was 183.2 m3/0.54 ha, biomass was 220.1 tons/0.54 ha, carbon stock was 110.0 tons/0.54 ha and CO2 sequestration was 403.1 ton/0.54 ha. The forest at Mt. Batulanteh is classified as Garcinia-Cryptocarya association consisting of Micromelum-Cinnamomum subassociation. Dipterocarpus-Calophyllum subassociation and Garcinia-Syzygium subassociation. Dominant species were Micromelum minutum (IV=27.24), Mallotus philippensis (IV=26.2), Cryptocarya ferrea (IV=24.71) and Cinnamomum burmanni (IV=23.81) in Plot 1, Dipterocarpus retusus (IV=77.4) and Calophyllum soulattri (IV=24.21) in Plot 2, and Garcinia celebica (IV=34.86) and Syzygium sp. 1 (IV=34.76) in Plot 3. Dipterocarpus retusus was unique of having restricted distribution. Fagaceae, typical family in montane forests, was absent. Shannonâs diversity index was low (H = 1.61). It can be concluded that the plots do not constitute a representative of Mt. Batulanteh and the surrounding forests, but they were sufficient to provide an illustration of the forests locally. The diameter class distribution indicated that the forests were regenerating. They were developing secondary forest and regenerating disturbed primary forest; slow successions were in the process and could be enhancedby ecological restoration. Further botanical explorations in poorly known regions of Sumbawa should be intensified further.

TREE SPECIES DIVERSITY IN A PRISTINE MONTANE FOREST PREVIOUSLY UNTOUCHED BY HUMAN ACTIVITIES IN FOJA MOUNTAINS, PAPUA, INDONESIA Sadili, Asep; Kartawinata, Kuswata; Soedjito, Herwasono; Sambas, Edy Nasriadi
REINWARDTIA Vol 17, No 2 (2018): Vol.17 No.2
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

ADILI, A., KARTAWINATA, K., SOEDJITO, H. & SAMBAS, E. N. 2018. Tree species diversity in a pristine montane forest previously untouched by human activities in Foja Mountains, Papua, Indonesia. Reinwardtia 17(2): 133â154. ââ A study on structure and composition of the pristine montane forest previously untouched by human activities was conducted at the Foja Mountains in November 2008. We established a one-hectare plot divided into 100 subplots of 10 m Ã 10 m each. We enumerated all trees with DBH â¥ 10 cm which diameters were measured, heights were estimated and habitats were noted. We recorded 59 species, 42 genera and 27 families, comprising 693 trees with the total basal area (BA) of 41.35 m2/ha. The forest had lower species richness compared to those of lowland forests in Kalimantan, and Sumatra and montane forests in West Java. The Shannon-Wienerâs diversity index was 3.22. Nothofagus rubra (Importance Value, IV=47.89%) and Parinari corymbosa (IV=40.3%) were the dominant species, constituting the basis for designating the forest as the Nothofagus rubra - Parinari corymbosa association. To date, the dominance of N. rubra is unique to the Foja Mountains, as elsewhere in Papua the montane forests were dominated by N. pullei or other species. The species-area curve indicated a minimal area of 5000 m2. On the family level Fagaceae (IV=53.23%), Chrysobalanaceae (IV=40.53%) and Myristicaceae (IV=26.43%) were dominant. Verti-cally the forest consisted of four strata (AâD). In each stratum Nothofagus rubra, Platea latifolia, Parinari corymbosa and Myristica hollrungii were dominant. The diameter class distribution of Nothofagus rubra, Parinari corymbosa and Platea latifolia led us to assume that these species were regenerating well.

TREE SPECIES DIVERSITY, STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS AND CARBON STOCK IN A ONE-HECTARE PLOT OF THE PROTECTION FOREST AREA IN WEST LAMPUNG REGENCY, INDONESIA Heriyanto, Nur Muhammad; Samsoedin, Ismayadi; Kartawinata, Kuswata
REINWARDTIA Vol 18, No 1 (2019): Vol.18 No.1
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

HERIYANTO, N. M., SAMSOEDIN, I. & KARTAWINATA, K. 2018. Tree species diversity, structural characteristics and carbon stock in a one-hectare plot of the protection forest area in West Lampung Regency, Indonesia. Reinwardtia 18(1): 1‒18. — A study of species composition, structure and carbon stock in the lower montane forest in the Register 45B of the protection forest area in the Tri Budi Syukur District, Kebun Tebu Village, West Lampung Regency, Lampung Province was conducted in September 2016. The objective of the study was to undertake quantified measurements of floristic composition and structure of and carbon storage in the lower montane forest at 965 m asl in the protection forest area. A one hectare plot (100 m × 100 m) was established randomly. The plot was further divided into 25 subplots of 20 m × 20 m each to record trees. Quadrats of 5 m × 5 m for saplings and subquadrats of 2 m × 2 m for seedlings were nested in the tree subplots. We recorded 247 trees with diameter at breast height ≥ 10 cm representing 25 species and 19 families, with a total basal area of 59.14 m2. Overall including seedlings and saplings we recorded 31 species. The species richness was very low due to disturbances, and was the lowest compared to that of other forests in Sumatra, Kalimantan and Java. The dominant species in terms of importance values (IV) were Litsea cf. fulva (IV=77.02), Lithocarpus reinwardtii (IV=45.21) and Altingia excelsa (IV=26.95). Dominant species in seedling and sapling stages were Polyalthia lateriflora (IV=27.54) and Memecylon multiflorum (IV=41.58). Biomass and carbon stock of trees with DBH ≥ 10 cm was 50.87 ton/ha and 25.43 ton C/ha, respectively. Regeneration was poor. Structurally and floristically the forest was a developing disturbed forest and the composition will remain unchanged in many years to come. The successions leading to terminal communities similar to the original conditions would be very slow and should be assisted and enhanced by applying ecological restoration through planting tree species native to the site.

Co-Authors A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Abdulrokhman Kartonegoro, Abdulrokhman Aldri Frinaldi ALEX HARTANA ALEX SUMADIJAYA Andi Salamah APANDI, A. Asep Sadili, Asep Deden Girmansyah, Deden Edi Mirmanto, Edi Eko B. Walujo, Eko B. Erwin Nurdin Harry Wiriadinata, Harry Heriyanto, Nur Muhammad Herwarsono Soedjito, Herwarsono Herwasono Soedjito, Herwasono Ismayadi Samsoedin James Hunter, James Jatna Supriatna JJ Afriastini, JJ M Heriyanto, M MUHAMMAD MANSUR Nelva Helmi, Nelva Nisyawati Nisyawati Purwaningsih - Ruddy Polosakan, Ruddy Sambas, Edy Nasriadi Sri Endarti Rahayu, Sri Endarti SUHARDJONO PRAWIROATMODJO, SUHARDJONO Tatiek Chikmawati, Tatiek TATIK CHIKMAWATI W. Scoot Hoover, W. Scoot Wisnu Wardhana Yusi Rosalina Yusuf, Razali

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