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Journal : Al-Ahkam

REINTERPRETASI MAṢLAḤAH SEBAGAI METODE ISTINBAT HUKUM ISLAM (Studi Pemikiran Hukum Islam Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm Al-Shāṭibī) Farih, Amin
AL-AHKAM Volume 25, Nomor 1, April 2015
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah UIN Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (60.419 KB)

Abstract

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemikiran al-Syatibi tentang maṣlaḥah dan kontribusinya dalam pembaharuan hukum Islam. Maṣlaḥah merupakan metode iṣṭinbat hukum Islam yang bertujuan menghilangkan kesulitan-kesulitan manusia dalam  menjalankan kewajibannya, terutama dalam bidang muamalah. Prinsip-prinsip umum kemaslahatan yang dikandung dalam al-Quran dan Hadis semuanya bermuara pada doktrin maqāṣid al-sharī’ah yang tujuan utamanya adalah untuk menegakkan  maṣlaḥah sebagai unsur esensial bagi tujuan­-tujuan hukum Islam. Dok­trin maqāṣid al-sharī’ah itu menegaskan bahwa tujuan akhir hukum adalah satu, yaitu maslahah atau kebaikan dan kesejahteraan­ umat manusia. Menurut al-Syatibi, kemaslahatan yang dirumuskan dalam hukum Islam harus memperhatikan pemeliharaan aspek-aspek ḍarūriyyat, ḥājiyyah dan taḥsīniyyah sebagai suatu struktur yang terdiri atas tiga tingkatan yang satu sama lain saling berhubungan. Signifikansi pemikiran al-Syatibi tentang maṣlaḥah mursalah adalah bahwa metode tersebut merupakan pemersatu dan sebagai alternatif atas perbedaan pendapat ulama tentang berlaku atau tidak berlakunya maṣlaḥah mursalah sebagai metode istinbat hukum Islam.***This article aims to analyze al-Syatibi’s thought about maslahah and its contribution to the renewal of Islamic law. Maslahah is a method of istinbat which aims to deprive human difficulties in carrying out their obligations, especially in the field of muamalah. General principles of maslahah that was conceived in al-Quran and hadis rise in the doctrine of maqāṣid al-sharī’ah. The main purpose is to enforce maslahah as an essential element for the all purposes of Islamic law. The doctrine of maqāṣid al-sharī’ah asserted that the purpose of the law is one, namely maslahah or goodness and prosperity of mankind. According to al-Syatibi, maslahah which formulated the law of Islam must consider the aspects of ḍarūriyyat, ḥājiyyah and taḥsīniyyah as a structure consisting of three tiers one of another mutually related. The significance of al-Syatibi’s thinking about maṣlaḥah mursalah is that this method is a kind of unification and as an alternative over differences of opinion among the scholars on the validity of maṣlaḥah mursalah as a method of Islamic law.***Keywords : ijtihad, hukum Islam, maqāṣid al-sharī’ah, iṣṭinbat, maṣlaḥah.
REINTERPRETASI MAṢLAḤAH SEBAGAI METODE ISTINBĀṬ HUKUM ISLAM: Studi Pemikiran Hukum Islam Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm al-Shāṭibī Farih, Amin
Al-Ahkam Volume 25, Nomor 1, April 2015
Publisher : Faculty of Shariah and Law, State Islamic University (UIN) Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (264.711 KB) | DOI: 10.21580/ahkam.2015.1.25.193

Abstract

This article aims to analyze al-Shāṭibī’s thought about maṣlaḥah and its contribution to the renewal of Islamic law. Maṣlaḥah is a method of istinbāṭ which aims to deprive human difficulties in carrying out their obligations, especially in the field of muamalah. General principles of maṣlaḥah that was conceived in al-Qur'an and hadis rise in the doctrine of maqāṣid al-sharī’ah. The main purpose is to enforce maṣlaḥah as an essential element for the all purposes of Islamic law. The doctrine of maqāṣid al-sharī’ah asserted that the purpose of the law is one, namely maṣlaḥah or goodness and prosperity of mankind. According to al-Shāṭibī, maṣlaḥah which formulated the law of Islam must consider the aspects of ḍarūriyyah, ḥājiyyah and taḥsīniyyah as a structure consisting of three tiers one of another mutually related. The significance of al-Shāṭibī’s thinking about maṣlaḥah mursalah is that this method is a kind of unification and as an alternative over differences of opinion among the scholars on the validity of maṣlaḥah mursalah as a method of Islamic law.