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STUDENTS’ PROBLEMS IN WRITING PARAGRAPH: STUDY AT THE BACHELOR STUDENTS’ ENGLISH EDUCATION Setiani, Rulik; Sartipa, Dewi; Novia, Sinta
JURNAL EDUSCIENCE Vol 11, No 2 (2024): Jurnal Eduscience (JES), (Authors from Nigeria, Korea, and Indonesia)
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jes.v11i2.5094

Abstract

Writing skill is one of the most important language skill to be mastered in the language learning process, especially English. The writing process starts from writing a paragraph. Paragraph are important in writing skill. The purpose of this research was to find students’ problems in writing Paragraph and the dominant problem in Writing Paragraph at The Second Semester of English Education at Muhammadiyah Kotabumi University. This research employed descriptive qualitative research that examined 8 students in the second semester of English Education Study Program. The design of this research was descriptive qualitative research. The instrument used to collect the data were document of students writing tasks and interview guideline. The kind of interview that was used semi-structured interview. Based on theories of Bryne divides writing problems into three categories. The first is linguistic problems. Linguistic aspects such as grammar, vocabulary, Language use and choice of sentence in writing. The second is Physiology, namely content. The third is cognitive such as spelling, punctuation, capitalization and paragraph. Based on the findings, the results showed that the students' problems in writing paragraph indicate that students faced problems in 2 categories which consisted: linguistic and cognitive problems. Linguistic problems which consist of grammar is 49, vocabulary is 7, and choice of sentence is 2, and cognitive problems which consist of spelling is 1, punctuation is 26, capitalization is 29, and paragraphing is 3. Moreover, it also findthe dominant problem in writing paragraph was linguistic problems which consist grammar is 49 where student still experience problems in understanding the basic nature of grammar, namely problems in terms of  the appropriateness of the placement of to be, and the correct pattern of verbs. Then, for the Physiology problem, namely content, there were no problems found on the results of the analysis of 8 students' writing documents  at the second semester of English education at Muhammadiyah Kotabumi University.
Lexical Cohesion in Maher Zain’s Forgive Me Album: A Discourse Analysis Puspita, Bella; Setiani, Rulik
JETAL: Journal of English Teaching & Applied Linguistic Vol 7 No 2 (2026): April In Progress
Publisher : English Education Department at FKIP Nommensen University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36655/jetal.v7i2.2253

Abstract

This study investigates lexical cohesion in four selected song lyrics from Maher Zain's second studio album Forgive Me (2012): Forgive Me, I Love You So, Number One for Me, and My Little Girl. Adopting Halliday & Hasan (1976) lexical cohesion framework, which classifies lexical cohesion into reiteration and collocation, as the theoretical basis, this study identifies seven sub-types of lexical cohesion as adopted in subsequent linguistic research: repetition, synonym, antonym, superordinate, meronym, hyponym, and collocation. The data source of this study are the written lyrics of the four selected songs, obtained from official lyric publications. Data were collected through systematic documentation by reading each lyric carefully and identifying all lexical items that demonstrate cohesive relations. The data were analyzed following Creswell & Creswell (2017) qualitative analysis steps: organizing the data, reading through all data, coding each lexical item by its cohesion subtype, generating categories, and reporting findings. The validity of the analysis was ensured through careful re-reading and cross-checking of each datum against the theoretical criteria established by (Halliday & Hasan, 1976). The analysis identified 238 lexical cohesion items. Collocation emerged as the most dominant type with 71 items (29.8%), followed by repetition (56 items; 23.5%), synonym (28 items; 11.8%), hyponym (26 items; 10.9%), antonym (23 items; 9.7%), meronym (19 items; 8.0%), and superordinate (15 items; 6.3%). Among the four songs, My Little Girl yields the highest number of lexical cohesion items (66 items; 27.7%). The dominance of collocation reflects the formulaic devotional register characteristic of Islamic nasheed, distinguishing Maher Zain’s lyrics from mainstream pop music where repetition typically dominates. These findings confirm that Maher Zain’s song lyrics operate as linguistically cohesive discourses that employ diverse lexical mechanisms to achieve semantic unity and emotional impact.