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Bioactivity of Citrus hystrix D.C. Leaf Extract Against Cigarette Beetle Lasioderma serricorne (F.) Ikawati, Silvi; Dhuha, Moh. Syamsu; Himawan, Toto
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 7, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.07.03.01

The major control of pest stored Lasioderma serricorne for using synthetic pesticides, look like phosphine. Although quite effective, synthetic pesticides have a negative effect on the environment, such as pest re-sistance, deadly natural enemies, residues that are harmful to the environment and human health. The use of botanical pesticides as an alternative control be the focus this study. Botanical pesticides are selective to the target, safe for non-target insects and the environment. This research studies the repellent and fumigant activi-ty of the leaf extract of Citrus hystrix against all L. serricorne life stage. The results of GC-MS analysis of leaf crude extracts of C. hystrix with N-hexane solvent showed the highest percentage in the citronellal compound (86.43%). C. hystrix leaf extract showed stronger fumigant against pupae and eggs, compared adults, and larvae. The toxicity of the leaf extract of C. hystrix increased with increasing concentration. At a concentration of 60 ppm, fumigant activity showed the toxicity of 98.75% (pupae), 93.75% (eggs), 86.25% (adults) and 76.25% (larvae). Sequentially the LC50 value of fumigant activity from the highest to the lowest as follows; larvae 47.56 ppm, adults 43.42 ppm, eggs 31.61 and pupae 29.63 ppm. Extract of leaves of C. hystrix, have character repellent against L. serricorne. At a concentration of 60 ppm the IR value of 66% including repellent class IV, which means strong repellent level. Based on the results of the research, extracts of leaves of C. hystrix has a fumigant activity and repellent for controlling L. serricorne.

BIOAKTIVITAS EKSTRAK LIMBAH TEMBAKAU SEBAGAI PESTISIDA NABATI TERHADAP HAMA Plutella xylostella PADA TANAMAN KUBIS: BIOACTIVITY OF TOBACCO WASTE EXTRACT AS A VEGETABLE PESTICIDE AGAINST Plutella xylostella PESTS ON CABBAGE PLANTS Abdurrahman, Shafa Ghaziyah; Ikawati, Silvi; Choliq, Fery Abdul; Mustofa, Oki
Jurnal HPT (Hama Penyakit Tumbuhan) Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jurnalhpt.2024.012.2.3

Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Ypnomeutidae) merupakan salah satu hama pada tanaman kubis. Serangga ini dapat menyebabkan kerusakan yang parah. Perlu adanya tindakan pengendalian, seperti penggunaan pestisida nabati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji toksisitas ekstrak limbah tembakau rokok terhadap P xylostella, sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pengendalian hama yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Toksikologi, Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang pada Bulan Desember 2022 sampai dengan Bulan Februari 2023. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 6 tingkat konsentrasi yaitu 0, 10, 30, 50, 70, dan 90 % dengan 3 kali pengulangan. Setiap perlakuan menggunakan 10 larva P. xylostella. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan ANOVA dan uji lanjut dengan menggunakan uji Duncan, serta analisis probit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak limbah tembakau mampu menyebabkan mortalitas larva P. xylostella hingga 85 %, menyebabkan penurunan aktivitas makan larva mencapai 81,68 %, menghambat pembentukan pupa dan imago. Median Lethal Concentration (LC50) terdapat pada konsentrasi ekstrak limbah tembakau 63,4 %, dengan Median Lethal Time (LT50) tercepat yaitu pada 14 jam setelah aplikasi.

Toxicity of Clove Oil Nanoparticle Againts (Aphis gossypii) on Chili (Capsicum annum) and Its Predator (Cheilomenes sexmaculata): Toxicity of CO-NPs againts A. gossypii and C. sexmaculata Ikawati, Silvi; Boangmanalu, Maslina; Choliq, Fery Abdul; Aji Pamungkas, Bayu
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024): In Press
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.03.04

One of the pests that cause economic losses in Chili (Capsicum annum L.) is aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Therefore, it is necessary to carry out alternative controls that are not damaging and detrimental to the surrounding environment including against beneficial organisms such as the natural enemy Cheilomenes sexmaculata Fabricius (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Clove oil and the formulation of essential oils in the form of nanoparticles have been used as a botanical pesticide. The purpose of this work is to determine the toxicity of a clove oil nanoformulation against aphids (A. gossypii) and the six-spotted zigzag ladybird predator C. sexmaculata. This work has six treatments and four replications using a fully randomized design. The results showed that clove oil nanoparticles (CO-NPs) significantly affected mortality and decreased the number of offspring of A. gossypii. The average size of the tested nanoparticles was 166.38 nm and the average zeta potential value of the tested nanoparticles was -19 mV. The CO-NPs can affect the increase in mortality and decrease in the offspring number of A. gossypii. The LC50 value of A. gossypii was 0.32% at the time of observation 48 hours after application while the LT50 value was 3 hours at a concentration of 1.2%. The percentage of decrease in the number of offspring reached 95.01% at a concentration of 1.2%. Results of calculating the selectivity ratio value (SR) showed that CO-NPs are selective against predators C. sexmaculata, with the SR value <1.

Fungal Endophytic Beauveria bassiana in Chinese Kale Against Plutella xylostella (L.) Larvae Afandhi, Aminudin; Ikawati, Silvi; Baroro, Ismatul; Afiyanti, Mufidah; Sari, Rose Novita; Handoko, Handoko; Suyono, Tri; Setiawan, Yogo; Tarno, Hagus
Research Journal of Life Science Vol 8, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.rjls.2021.008.03.4

This study evaluated three methods of inoculation of Beauveria bassiana endophytes from Chinese kale and then infected into Plutella xylostella L to determine the mortality rate. The endophytic B. bassiana using three different inoculation methods including seeds-soaking, leaf-spraying, and soil-wetting. The Chinese kale seeds from Winsa variety, B.bassiana isolates derived from collection planthopper. The endophytic fungus was identified to be B. bassiana based on the analysis of colony morphology. The results of this study included the degree of colonization of Chinese kale plants and the mortality of P. xylostella. The average B. bassiana colonies in leaves were 13.89%, stems 2.77% and roots 5.55%. The results showed on leaves that the seeds-soaking method obtained higher colonization of B. bassiana rate when compared to leaf-spraying and soil-wetting. The highest percentage of P. xylostella mortality was generated from seeds-soaking (45%), soil-wetting (37.5%), leaf-spraying (35%). The B. bassiana fungus which caused the fastest LT50 with a seeds-soaking (409.48 hours), and then soil-wetting (679.15 hours), leaf-spraying (1090.21 hours). The positive effects of seeds-soaking of endophytic B. bassiana and mortality of Plutella xylostell.

Mortality and Antifeedant Effects of some Jamu Waste Extract on Larvae of Spodoptera litura Ikawati, Silvi; Silalahi, Fuji Nafratilova; Izzah, Annisa Nurul; Choliq, Fery Abdul; Mustofa, Oki
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 47, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v47i1.4564

The amount of herbal waste in Indonesia is quite high, so it needs to be managed to reduce the amount and increase the value of benefits. One way is to utilize it as a botanical insecticide. This study aims to determine the effect and concentration of herbal waste extract that is effective on mortality and inhibition of feeding activity of Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Larvae of S. litura are one of the pests in mustard plants. The extraction method used a maceration method with ethanol solvent. Research using four types of herbal waste extracts with a leaf dipping method. The results show that four extracts affect increased mortality and inhibition of the feeding activity of S. litura larvae. The value of LC50 is at 60 HAA, LT50, and the inhibition of eating activity at a concentration of 36% by ginger jamu waste extract is 29%, 27 hours, and 64%. In contrast, curcuma jamu waste extract was 25%, 24 hours, and 68%, respectively. For LC50 at 72 HAA, LT50 and inhibition of eating activity at a 50% concentration of galangal jamu waste extract was 17%, 14 hours, and 43%. While turmeric jamu waste extract was 17%, 16 hours, and 42% respectively.

Toxicity of Clove Oil Nanoparticle Againts (Aphis gossypii) on Chili (Capsicum annum) and Its Predator (Cheilomenes sexmaculata): Toxicity of CO-NPs againts A. gossypii and C. sexmaculata Ikawati, Silvi; Boangmanalu, Maslina; Choliq, Fery Abdul; Aji Pamungkas, Bayu
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.03.04

One of the pests that cause economic losses in Chili (Capsicum annum L.) is aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Therefore, it is necessary to carry out alternative controls that are not damaging and detrimental to the surrounding environment including against beneficial organisms such as the natural enemy Cheilomenes sexmaculata Fabricius (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Clove oil and the formulation of essential oils in the form of nanoparticles have been used as a botanical pesticide. The purpose of this work is to determine the toxicity of a clove oil nanoformulation against aphids (A. gossypii) and the six-spotted zigzag ladybird predator C. sexmaculata. This work has six treatments and four replications using a fully randomized design. The results showed that clove oil nanoparticles (CO-NPs) significantly affected mortality and decreased the number of offspring of A. gossypii. The average size of the tested nanoparticles was 166.38 nm and the average zeta potential value of the tested nanoparticles was -19 mV. The CO-NPs can affect the increase in mortality and decrease in the offspring number of A. gossypii. The LC50 value of A. gossypii was 0.32% at the time of observation 48 hours after application while the LT50 value was 3 hours at a concentration of 1.2%. The percentage of decrease in the number of offspring reached 95.01% at a concentration of 1.2%. Results of calculating the selectivity ratio value (SR) showed that CO-NPs are selective against predators C. sexmaculata, with the SR value <1.

The Effectiveness of Grade C Coconut Shell Liquid Smoke Insecticide and Broflanilide Active Ingredient Insecticide Against Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) on Cabbage Plants Bilqis, Zanjabila Anida; Ikawati, Silvi
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtpp.2025.006.2.1

This research aims to find out the effectiveness of the coconut shell liquid smoke grade c and the insecticide active ingredient broflanilide to decreased larvae eating activity, larvae mortality, the percentage of larvae transformation into pupae and imago Plutella xylostella L., as an approach that can be used in controlling P. xylostella. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Pests and Diseases Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya. Treatment consists of controls, Liquid smoke grade c 6%, Liquid smoke grade c 9%, Liquid smoke grade c 6% + Broflanilide 0.025 ml, Brofranilide 0,025 ml and Brofnanilide 0.05 ml, with repeated 4 times and each treatment used 20 P. xyostella larvae. The data obtained were analyzed ANOVA and DMRT with a 5% error level. The data larvae mortality of 1 hour after treatment and transformation larvae into imago were analyzed using Kruskal Wallis. According to the results of the study, there are 3 compound with the highest percentage that potential in controlling P. xylostella namely phenol, guaiacol, and syringol. The treatment that showed the best results on larvae mortality was found in the treatment of the mixture of Liquid Smoke grade c 6% + Broflanilide 0.025ml (81.21%) and broflanilide 0.05 ml treatment (86.85%). The mixture treatment decrease in eating activity up to 78.51%, the mixed treatment had an 16.25% in the percentage of larva transformation into pupae and 13.75% in the percentage transformation of the larva into imago.

Inventarisasi Hama dan Musuh Alami pada Tanaman Padi di Kecamatan Pulau Laut Timur Octaviani, Ismi; Ikawati, Silvi
Jurnal Pertanian Terpadu Vol 10 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Pertanian Terpadu Jilid X Nomor 1 Juni 2022
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Pertanian Kutai Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36084/jpt..v10i1.379

Hama merupakan hewan yang menyebabkan kerusakan pada tanaman dan dapat berperan sebagai vektor penyakit. Pengelolaan Hama Terpadu (PHT) merupakan konsep yang tepat dalam mengendalikan hama. Pemantauan lahan secara rutin merupakan hal penting untuk memperhatikan perkembangan populasi hama, musuh alami, dan lingkungan suatu lahan. Sehingga, pengambilan keputusan dalam mengendalikan hama dapat terlaksana secara tepat dan cepat. Pengamatan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis serangga hama dan musuh alami yang terdapat pada tanaman padi di Desa Teluk Mesjid, Kecamatan Pulau Laut Timur, Kabupaten Kotabaru, Kalimantan Selatan. Penentuan sampel tanaman dilakukan dengan metode diagonal yang berjumlah 10 sampel tanaman. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengamatan secara langsung (visual). Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa serangga hama yang ditemukan di pertanaman padi sebanyak 8 jenis serangga hama dengan rata-rata populasi tertinggi terdapat pada hama Wereng Batang Coklat 0,313 ekor per tiga varietas dan Hama Putih Palsu 0,166 ekor per tiga varietas. Rata-rata populasi hama yang ditemukan berbeda pada setiap varietas padi. Varietas padi dengan serangan hama terendah adalah varietas Nutri Zinc, varietas dengan serangan hama tertinggi adalah varietas Inpari 32, dan varietas dengan serangan hama tertinggi kedua adalah varietas Inpara 2. Sedangkan, musuh alami yang ditemukan di pertanaman padi sebanyak 13 jenis.

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