Johan Andoyo Effendi Noor, Johan Andoyo Effendi
Brawijaya University Malang

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Journal : Journal of Physics and Its Applications

Review Impact of Compressed Breast Thickness and Exposure Parameters on Mean Glandular Dose (MGD) in Full-Field Digital Mammography Examination Victory, Vivi Sumanti; Noor, Johan Andoyo Effendi; Widodo, Chomsin Sulistya; Arifin, Zaenal
Journal of Physics and Its Applications Vol 7, No 4 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jpa.v7i4.27371

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to review and summarize the relationship between the average mammary gland dose (MGD) and compressed breast thickness (CBT) in digital mammography. The relationship between MGD and CBT, measured using a dosimeter, shows that the thicker the breast, the higher the MGD. However, the relationship between MGD and CBT using patient data (i.e., actual MGD values) may not be directly proportional to CBT because it can be influenced by other factors, such as age. MGD values are directly proportional to CBT when based on phantom measurements. Across various brands and types of mammography units, MGD values are not always directly proportional due to differences in K patterns (incident air kerma), which create different automatic exposure control (AEC) modes. In conclusion, CBT has a complex relationship with MGD. In general, MGD is positively correlated with CBT because increasing breast thickness requires a higher radiation dose to produce optimal image quality. However, this relationship is not always linear and can be negatively correlated under certain conditions, considering the influence of other parameters that can affect both CBT and MGD.
Design of Radiation Shielding in X-Ray Rooms: A Study on Radiological Protection Hartanti, Aditya Surya; Widodo, Chomsin Sulistya; Arifin, Zaenal; Noor, Johan Andoyo Effendi
Journal of Physics and Its Applications Vol 8, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jpa.v8i1.27379

Abstract

Radiation exposure protection is a critical aspect in the use of X-ray technology in the medical field. An effective radiation shielding design in X-ray rooms is not only important to protect patients, but also to ensure the safety of medical personnel who are routinely exposed to radiation. Alongside advancements in medical imaging technology, the design of X-ray rooms and shielding systems continues to evolve to meet increasingly stringent safety standards. This article aims to review recent approaches in radiation shielding design for X-ray rooms, with a focus on improving radiological protection. The study covers various types of materials used for shielding, such as lead, concrete, and alternative environmentally friendly materials, as well as new technologies in radiation protection systems. Additionally, it highlights optimal X-ray room design techniques, such as the placement of X-ray equipment, distance management, and room configuration, to minimize radiation exposure to unintended areas. Challenges in implementing shielding designs, including cost, space limitations, and compliance with safety regulations, are also thoroughly discussed. Furthermore, this article identifies the need for further research in this field, particularly regarding the development of more efficient and affordable shielding materials, as well as more innovative design approaches. The findings of this study are expected to provide new insights and practical recommendations that can be used by medical professionals, medical facility designers, and policymakers to enhance radiation safety standards in healthcare facilities.