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Lanthanum and Nickel Recovery from Spent Catalyst using Citric Acid: Quantitative Performance Assessment using Response Surface Method Petrus, Himawan Tri Bayu Murti; Wijaya, Ardyanto; Iskandar, Yusuf; Bratakusuma, Danu; Setiawan, Hendrik; Wiratni, Wiratni; Astuti, Widi
Metalurgi Vol 33, No 2 (2018): Metalurgi Vol. 33 No. 2 Agustus 2018
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Metalurgi dan Material - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (523.642 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/metalurgi.v33i2.437

Abstract

Heavy metals and Rare earth elements (REEs) are nowadays being used widely in many industries from electronics to petroleum industries as catalysts. However, their disposal caused serious problems to the environment. With the sharp growth in its usage, there is a better way to use and utilize valuable metals from secondary sources such as their disposal rather than using new raw materials. The aim of this work is to study the potential of citric acid as a leaching agent to extract lanthanum and nickel in various acid concentration and leaching temperature. The raw material used in this work is spent catalyst from Pertamina Refinery Unit VI, Balongan, Indonesia. The spent catalyst is decarbonized with a heat treatment at 725°C for 10 minutes before the leaching process. The leaching process used 0.1; 1; and 2 M of citric acid with a varied temperature of 30, 60, and 80°C. The lanthanum recovery was calculated by comparing the mass percentage of lanthanum before leaching process and after leaching process using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX). The results were analyzed by response surface methodology (RSM) and are proved to be a reliable method to depict and analyze the leaching characteristics. The molarity of the citric acid is the most significant independent variables used in the research for lanthanum recovery response. However, based on the Pareto analysis result there are no significant variables that affect the recovery of nickel. The second order polynomial fitting model is also proved to be compatible with the response of lanthanum recovery but is less compatible with nickel recovery.
Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Debit Air (QL) dan Debit Gas (QG) terhadap Koefisien Transfer Oksigen (KLa) pada Performa Microbubble Generator Mistoro, Niesa Hanum; Saraswati, Sri Puji; Ahmad, Johan Syafri Mahathir; Wiratni, Wiratni
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2023: PROSIDING SNTKK 2023
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan"

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The domestic wastewater treatment plant is usually installed using anaerobic system which has the disadvantage for low conversion process and large volume required. While the effectiveness of aerobic system can be increased by high consumption of energy to supply the oxygen. This study investigates the performance of Microbubble Generator (MBG) for wastewater treatment. The MBG utilizes the hydrodinamics of wastewater flow in the nozzle to provide energy-saving aeration. In this study, the clean water non-steady state test method was selected to find the overall oxygen transfer coefficient (KLa). The experiment was conducted by increasing the concentration of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) using MBG installed with submersible pump (water discharge, QL=80 l/min) and variations of gas discharge (QG) (0.15 l/min and 0.30 l/min). The KLa average results on QL 80 l/min at QG 0.15 l/min showed 0.01996/min and at QG 0.30 l/min showed 0.02564/min. These results indicate that the greater gas discharge (QG) can produce a greater KLa value. This happens because the more air is injected into the water and forms into micro-sized bubbles, the greater the rate of transfer oxygen to the liquid phase.
Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Debit Air (QL) dan Debit Gas (QG) terhadap Koefisien Transfer Oksigen (KLa) pada Performa Microbubble Generator Mistoro, Niesa Hanum; Saraswati, Sri Puji; Ahmad, Johan Syafri Mahathir; Wiratni, Wiratni
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2023: PROSIDING SNTKK 2023
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan"

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The domestic wastewater treatment plant is usually installed using anaerobic system which has the disadvantage for low conversion process and large volume required. While the effectiveness of aerobic system can be increased by high consumption of energy to supply the oxygen. This study investigates the performance of Microbubble Generator (MBG) for wastewater treatment. The MBG utilizes the hydrodinamics of wastewater flow in the nozzle to provide energy-saving aeration. In this study, the clean water non-steady state test method was selected to find the overall oxygen transfer coefficient (KLa). The experiment was conducted by increasing the concentration of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) using MBG installed with submersible pump (water discharge, QL=80 l/min) and variations of gas discharge (QG) (0.15 l/min and 0.30 l/min). The KLa average results on QL 80 l/min at QG 0.15 l/min showed 0.01996/min and at QG 0.30 l/min showed 0.02564/min. These results indicate that the greater gas discharge (QG) can produce a greater KLa value. This happens because the more air is injected into the water and forms into micro-sized bubbles, the greater the rate of transfer oxygen to the liquid phase.