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All Journal Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR) Makara Journal of Health Research
Anggraini, Ita
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A Phenotypic Comparison between HIV Positive and HIV Negative Tuberculous Meningitis Patients Anggraini, Ita; Hartantri, Yovita; Rizal, Ahmad
Makara Journal of Health Research
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most common type of meningitis found in humans and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a major risk factor of TBM. This study aimed to identify phenotype differences, such as clinical manifestations, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings, and chest x-ray results between HIV positive and HIV negative TBM patients. Methods: This was a comparative analytical study of 123 TBM patients. The patients were divided into two groups based on their HIV status, and their phenotypes were compared. A retrospective cross sectional designed study was carried out in case report form using a TBM cohort and Rifampicin dose finding study in the neurological ward at the Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, between January 2015 and August 2016. Categorical data was analysed using Chi square tests and the alternative Fisher’s Exact test and Mann-Whitney test was used for numerical data. P-values were significant if p < 0.05. Results: Of the phenotypic parameters, only the CSF results had statistical difference. HIV positive subjects had higher CSF to blood glucose ratios (0.42 vs. 0.18; p = 0.001) and fewer leukocyte cells (41 vs. 199; p < 0.001). Conclusions: CSF findings of TBM patients’ revealed differences between HIV positive and negative patients, whilst clinical manifestations and chest x-ray results showed no differences.
Subchronic Toxicity Study of Sterculia rubiginosa Zoll. Ex Miq. Leaves Extract Prastiwi, Rini; Hidayati, Ester; Anggraini, Riska; Mauliza, Cut; Anggraini, Ita; Dewanti, Ema
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Ki hampelas (Sterculia rubiginosa Zoll. Ex Miq.) is traditionally used as an antiasthma. It also reported has antioxidant and nephroprotective activity. This study was conducted to evaluate the subchronic toxicity of the leaf extract of ki hampelas. The extract was orally administered to male and female Sprague-Dawley rats at doses of 50, 200, and 400 mg/kg bodyweight (BW) per day for 28 days. The rats were divided into four groups, consist of consist of normal group (Na CMC 0.5%), dose 1 (50 mg/kg BW), dose 2 (200 mg/kg BW), and dose 3 (400 mg/ kg BW) of extract. The extract was administered every day for 28 days. Subchronic toxicity in the male and female rats resulted in no death or treatment-related signs at the highest dose. All the animals survived the duration of the study, with no significant changes in biochemical parameters and there was a change in the liver and kidney histopathology results. There was no significant difference between the SGOT, SGPT, urea, and creatinine levels in the dose groups with extracts and the normal group (p > 0.05). However, based on the histological results of the liver and kidneys it was found a significant difference among the groups. This study showed that the leaf extract of ki hampelas is relatively non-toxic according to the normal biochemical parameters results and has no treatment-related signs. There was a change in the liver and kidney histopathology results, but no death was found.
Co-Authors ahmad rizal Ema Dewanti Hidayati, Ester Mauliza, Cut Rini Prastiwi Riska Anggraini, Riska Yovita Hartantri