Chen, Miao-Yen
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Exploring the Experience of Stigma among People Living with HIV in Bali, Indonesia: Qualitative Phenomenological Study Hidayat, Jufri; Huang, Xuan-Yi; Lin, Hung-Ru; Wei, Shiow-Jing; Chen, Miao-Yen; Pranata, Satriya
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 26, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related stigma continues to be a serious problem for people living with HIV (PLWH). This study aimed to explore stigma experience among PLWH in Bali, Indonesia. Methods: This research was a qualitative descriptive phenomenological study. With the help of a local clinician–researcher and the staff of the United Nations Program on AIDS Commission, Bali, 10 participants were recruited by purposive sampling and participated in semi-structured interviews via WhatsApp online audio from April to December 2021. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s process. Results: The following three themes emerged: (1) experiencing discrimination, (2) getting stronger through stigma experiences, and (3) receiving support. Interviews revealed that PLWH in Bali experience stigma and discrimination across settings, including communities, families, friends, employers, and health care. Some participants could turn the pressure of stigma into a source of strength, making them psychologically and mentally strong. This phenomenon mostly happened when the patients had positive attitudes toward illness and good coping mechanisms. Conclusions: This study showed the importance of support from family, friends, and organizations in surviving stigma. For PLWH, having a sense of self-support and resilience and adaptive mechanisms also help ease the negative effects of stigma and discrimination.
The Effect of Yoga on Reducing Stress and Improving CD4 Counts among People with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Hidayat, Jufri; Chen, Miao-Yen; Pranata, Satriya
Jurnal Keperawatan Soedirman Vol 18 No 2 (2023): Jurnal Keperawatan Soedirman (JKS)
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu-ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jks.2023.18.2.7331

Abstract

Stress is a common mental health problem among HIV patients. Yoga has been frequently used to manage stress, but its potential benefits are not well-established yet. The aim of this meta-analysis is to assess the effect of yoga intervention on reducing stress and improving CD4 among HIV populations. Electronic bibliographic databases were systematically searched for articles reporting randomized controlled trials on yoga, HIV, and stress. The inclusion criteria were studies that (a) assessed yoga intervention in HIV patients; (b) included control groups; (c) evaluated psychological stress or biomarkers of stress as the outcome; and (d) provided mean and standard deviation scores for both groups to calculate the effect size. Meanwhile, our exclusion criteria were studies that (a) used other than randomized controlled trial design; (b) were written in a language other than English; and (c) included participants other than HIV patients. Six studies were sampled, with a total of 348 participants that met our criteria. HIV positive participants who received yoga interventions reported significantly reduced psychological stress compared to control group (total effect size was -0.85, with 95% CI from -1.47 ~ -0.23). Thus, yoga is a stress management exercise that health care providers can use to treat HIV patients.