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Perbandingan Daya Hambat Ekstrak Etanol Dengan Sediaan Sirup Herbal Buah Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Shigella dysenteriae In Vitro Dewi, Intan Kusuma; Joharman, Joharman; Budiarti, Lia Yulia
Jurnal Berkala Kedokteran Vol 9, No 2 (2013): September 2013
Publisher : Pendidikan Dokter Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v9i2.949

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Sour carambola (Averrhoa bilimbi, L) fruit has antibacterial effect to Shigella dysenteriae. Shigella dysentriae is Gram-negative bacteria caused shigellosis and bloody diarrhea in human. Sour carambola can be used as extract and herbal syrup. This research aims to compare the inhibitory effect between ethanol extract and herbal syrup of sour carambola fruit to against Shigella dysenteriae in vitro. The concentration of ethanol extract and herbal syrup were 60 %,70%, 80% and 90%. Antibacterial effect was tested by Kirby- Bauer diffusion method on Mueller Hinton media and measure the inhibitory zone of  Shigella dysenteriae. The result of inhibitory zone was tested by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney post hoc tests with 95% significance level showed  that ethanol extract and herbal syrup of sour carambola showed the differences in concentration of 60% (p < 0,05). The phytochemical screening result showed that ethanol extract of sour carambola contains  flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid and steroid. Keywords: Averrhoa bilimbi, L., ethanol extract, herbal syrup, Shigella dysenteriae ABSTRAK: Buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi, L.) terbukti memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Shigella dysenteriae. Shigella dysenteriae merupakan bakteri penyebab shigellosis atau disentri basiler. Buah belimbing wuluh dapat digunakan dalam bentuk ekstrak dan sirup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya perbedaan daya hambat antara ekstrak etanol dengan sediaan sirup herbal buah belimbing wuluh dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Shigella dysenteriae in vitro. Konsenterasi ekstrak etanol dan sirup herbal buah belimbing wuluh yang digunakan adalah 60%, 70%, 80% dan 90%. Uji antibakteri dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi Kirby-Bauer dengan media Mueller- Hinton dan dilakukan pengukuran zona hambat Shigella dysenteriae. Hasil zona hambat yang terbentuk diuji menggunakan Kruskal Wallis dan post hoc Mann Whitney dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% dan menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol dan sediaan sirup herbal buah belimbing wuluh memiliki perbedaan bermakna dalam menghambat Shigella dysenteriae pada konsenterasi 60% (p<0,05). Hasil skrining fitokimia ekstrak etanol buah belimbing wuluh menunjukkan adanya kandungan flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid dan steroid.  Kata-kata kunci: Averrhoa bilimbi, L., ekstrak etanol, Shigella dysenteriae, sirup herbal
Perbandingan Daya Hambat Ekstrak Etanol Dengan Sediaan Sirup Herbal Buah Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Shigella dysenteriae In Vitro Intan Kusuma Dewi; Joharman Joharman; Lia Yulia Budiarti
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 9, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v9i2.949

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Sour carambola (Averrhoa bilimbi, L) fruit has antibacterial effect to Shigella dysenteriae. Shigella dysentriae is Gram-negative bacteria caused shigellosis and bloody diarrhea in human. Sour carambola can be used as extract and herbal syrup. This research aims to compare the inhibitory effect between ethanol extract and herbal syrup of sour carambola fruit to against Shigella dysenteriae in vitro. The concentration of ethanol extract and herbal syrup were 60 %,70%, 80% and 90%. Antibacterial effect was tested by Kirby- Bauer diffusion method on Mueller Hinton media and measure the inhibitory zone of  Shigella dysenteriae. The result of inhibitory zone was tested by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney post hoc tests with 95% significance level showed  that ethanol extract and herbal syrup of sour carambola showed the differences in concentration of 60% (p < 0,05). The phytochemical screening result showed that ethanol extract of sour carambola contains  flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid and steroid. Keywords: Averrhoa bilimbi, L., ethanol extract, herbal syrup, Shigella dysenteriae ABSTRAK: Buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi, L.) terbukti memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Shigella dysenteriae. Shigella dysenteriae merupakan bakteri penyebab shigellosis atau disentri basiler. Buah belimbing wuluh dapat digunakan dalam bentuk ekstrak dan sirup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya perbedaan daya hambat antara ekstrak etanol dengan sediaan sirup herbal buah belimbing wuluh dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Shigella dysenteriae in vitro. Konsenterasi ekstrak etanol dan sirup herbal buah belimbing wuluh yang digunakan adalah 60%, 70%, 80% dan 90%. Uji antibakteri dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi Kirby-Bauer dengan media Mueller- Hinton dan dilakukan pengukuran zona hambat Shigella dysenteriae. Hasil zona hambat yang terbentuk diuji menggunakan Kruskal Wallis dan post hoc Mann Whitney dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% dan menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol dan sediaan sirup herbal buah belimbing wuluh memiliki perbedaan bermakna dalam menghambat Shigella dysenteriae pada konsenterasi 60% (p<0,05). Hasil skrining fitokimia ekstrak etanol buah belimbing wuluh menunjukkan adanya kandungan flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid dan steroid.  Kata-kata kunci: Averrhoa bilimbi, L., ekstrak etanol, Shigella dysenteriae, sirup herbal
EKSASERBASI ASMA MANDIRI BAGI KADER DESA DI PEMATANG PANJANG KECAMATAN SUNGAI TABUK KABUPATEN BANJAR Fujiati Fujiati; Haryati Haryati; Joharman Joharman; Emmi Erliyanti; Brian Pramana Santoso; Anisa Anisa; Sabrina Wahda Utami; Noor Athiyya
SELAPARANG: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan Vol 6, No 3 (2022): September
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jpmb.v6i3.10111

Abstract

ABSTRAKAdanya perubahan lingkungan hidup pada penderita asma memungkinkan terjadinya eksaserbasi dan memperparah kondisi sebelumnya. Eksaserbasi dapat mengganggu aktivitas penderita dan akhirnya menurunkan kualitas hidup penderita asma. Penatalaksanaan asma di era pandemi covid-19 secara mandiri sangat penting. Kegiatan ini harus didukung semua pihak, termasuk akademisi. Namun untuk jangka panjang perlu perantara/mitra yang dapat menjembatani antara akademisi dengan masyarakat. Sasaran strategis kegiatan ini adalah kader Desa Pematang Panjang yang berjumlah 12 orang sebagai mitra dan dipilih oleh masyarakat sendiri. Kader dapat membantu mobilisasi sumber daya masyarakat, mengadvokasi masyarakat serta membangun kemampuan secara mandiri. Akan tetapi untuk keberhasilan kegiatan tersebut diperlukan pengetahuan dari kader. Berdasarkan data, tidak ada kader yang mempunyai pendidikan tinggi. Sebanyak 83,3% kader belum pernah memberikan bantuan dan bimbingan ke masyarakat tentang penatalaksanaan asma secara mandiri. Oleh karena itu dilaksanakan kegiatan pengabdian berupa edukasi tentang penatalaksanaan asma secara mandiri. Diharapkan kegiatan ini dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan kader tentang faktor-faktor yang dapat meningkatkan eksaserbasi asma dan cara pencegahannya, meningkatkan pengetahuan dan  keterampilan olahraga pernafasan, pengetahuan dan keterampilan penggunaan nebulizer, serta adanya leaflet tentang pencegahan eksaserbasi asma.  Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi pre dan post test dari kegiatan penyuluhan terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan kader mengenai eksaserbasi asma, olahraga pernafasan, dan penggunaan nebulizer (p-value < 0,05). Kata kunci: asma; eksaserbasi; pengetahuan. ABSTRACTThe existence of environmental changes in asthmatics allows exacerbations and worsens the previous condition. Exacerbations can interfere with the patient's activities and ultimately reduce the quality of life of asthmatics. Independent management of asthma in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic is very important. This action must be supported by all parties, including academics. However, in the long term, intermediaries/partners are needed who can bridge the gap between academics and the community. The strategic target of this activity is Pematang Panjang Village Cadres who gather 12 people as partners and are chosen by the community itself. Cadres can help mobilize community resources, advocate for the community and build capacity independently. However, for the success of these action, knowledge from cadres is needed. Based on the data, there are no cadres who have higher education. As many as 83.3% of cadres have never provided assistance and guidance to the community regarding asthma management independently. Therefore, community dedication that is education of self management of asthma held. This action be expected can increase the knowledge of cadres about factors that can increase asthma exacerbations and how to prevent, increase knowledge and skills of respiratory sports, knowledge and skills of using a nebulizer, and presence leaflets about preventing asthma exacerbations. Based on the results of pre and post-test evaluations from this action, there was an increase in the knowledge of cadres regarding asthma exacerbations, breathing exercises, and the use of nebulizer (p-value <0.05). Keywords: asthma; exacerbations; knowledge.
KADAR HAMBAT MINIMAL DAN KADAR BUNUH MINIMAL EKSTRAK KULIT BATANG Xylocarpus granatum TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus DAN Escherichia coli Shahiba Inayati Maghfira; Agung Biworo; Lia Yulia Budiarti; Erida Wydiamala; Joharman Joharman
Homeostasis Vol 6, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/ht.v6i2.10006

Abstract

Tanaman Xylocarpus granatum (X. granatum) memiliki potensi sebagai antimikroba.  Bagian kulit batangnya dilaporkan banyak mengandung senyawa antibakteri dan aktivitasnya dipengaruhi asal habitatnya. Penelitian ini menginformasikan daya antibakteri X. granatum asal Hutan Mangrove Pulau Burung, Kalimantan Selatan. Penelitian eksperimental secara in vitro ini menggunakan metode dilusi, mengujikan ekstrak etanol kulit batang X. granatum (EKBXG) 3,125%, 6,25%, 12,5%, 25%, 50%, dan 100% terhadap Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 (S. aureus) dan Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (E. coli). Parameter penelitian diamati secara visual dan kultur hasil perlakuan EKBXG pada kedua bakteri uji adalah kadar hambat minimum (KHM) dan kadar bunuh minimum (KBM. Perlakuan dan pengamatan dilakukan pada 3 kali ulangan. Hasilnya didapatkan nilai KHM dari EKBXG terhadap S. aureus adalah 6,25% dan KBM 12,5% nilai KHM dari EKBXG terhadap E. coli adalah 12,5% dan KBM 25%. Simpulan, berdasarkan nilai KHM dan KBM, daya antibakteri ekstrak kulit batang Xylocarpus granatum terhadap Staphylococcus aureus adalah 6,25% dan 12,5% serta terhadap Escherichia coli adalah 12,5% dan 25%.
Health education for housewife ini utilizing household waste Ika Kustiyah Oktaviyanti; Lisda Hayatie; Joharman Joharman; Hendra Wana Nur'amin; Wahyuni Wahyuni; Nur Annisa Humaira; Auryn Widyananda Sindunata; Agatha Theodora Desvita Raharjo; Nasywa Melanie Sugiyanto; Hana Najma Maulidya
Community Empowerment Vol 8 No 7 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ce.8819

Abstract

The volume of waste originating from households is increasing day by day, this condition will cause new problems such as disease outbreaks and a decrease in environmental quality. The purpose of this community service is to improve and empower housewives in managing organic waste originating from household organic waste. The method of this program is health education with material explanations, demonstrations, and discussions. As a result, participants know the steps to make compost/fertilizer from household waste and are able to produce it properly.
AKTIVITAS REPELEN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SIRIH MERAH (Piper ornatum) TERHADAP NYAMUK Aedes aegypti Bangsawan, Bucek Ibrahim; Joharman, Joharman; Widyamala, Erida
Homeostasis Vol 7, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/ht.v7i2.13216

Abstract

Abstract: The red betel leaf (Piper ornatum) contains secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins, which hold potential as repellents. This study aims to examine the repellent activity of the red betel leaf extract (Piper ornatum) against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The research design is a true experimental post-test only with a control group, comprising six treatments: extract concentrations of 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100%, a negative control (aquadest), and a positive control (DEET 15%). Treatments are applied to the lower arm of the subjects and exposed to mosquitoes for 5 minutes at 0, 60, 120, 180, and 240 minutes. The Shapiro-Wilk and Levene's tests at minutes 0, 60, 120, and 240 showed that the data were not normally distributed and not homogeneous, while at minute 180, the data were normally distributed. Subsequently, the One-Way ANOVA and Kruskall Wallis tests resulted in a p-value of <0.05, suggesting significant differences among treatments. The research findings indicate that at a concentration of 100%, the red betel leaf extract exhibits a repellent efficacy of ≥90% at 0, 60, 120, and 180 minutes. Thus, the red betel leaf extract demonstrates repellent activity at each minute of testing. Keywords: Piper ornatum, red betel leaf, repellent, Aedes aegypti Abstrak: Sirih merah (Piper ornatum) memiliki metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid, alkaloid, dan tanin yang berpotensi sebagai repelen. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis aktivitas repelen ekstrak daun sirih merah (Piper ornatum) terhadap nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Desain penelitiannya adalah eksperimen dengan pascates saja dan kelompok kontrol dengan enam perlakuan yaitu konsentrasi ekstrak 12,5%, 25%, 50%, 100%, kontrol negatif (aquades), dan kontrol positif (DEET 15%). Perlakuan dioleskan pada lengan bawah probandus, dipaparkan selama 5 menit pada nyamuk dimenit ke-0, 60, 120, 180, dan 240. Pada Shapiro-Wilk dan Levene’s dimenit 0, 60, 120, 240 data tidak terdistribusi normal dan homogen, sedangkan menit ke-180 data terdistribusi normal.  kemudian pada One-Way ANOVA dan Kruskall Wallis didapatkan nilai p<0,05 yang disimpulkan terdapat perbedaan signifikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada konsentrasi 100% memiliki persentase daya tolak ≥90% dimenit pengujian dan ekstrak sirih merah memiliki aktivitas repelen di setiap menit pengujian. Kata-kata kunci: Repelen Piper ornatum, daun sirih merah, Aedes aegypti
AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SIRIH MERAH (Piper ornatum) SEBAGAI INSECT GROWTH REGULATOR TERHADAP LARVA Aedes aegypti Prasidina, Alive Ginang; Joharman, Joharman; Wydiamala, Erida
Homeostasis Vol 7, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/ht.v7i2.13177

Abstract

Abstract: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever is a disease transmitted through Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which can be prevented using larvicides. Prolonged use of larvicides leads to mosquito resistance. As an alternative, Insect Growth Regulators (IGRs) are employed. Red betel leaves (Piper ornatum) can be utilized as an IGR. Piper ornatum contains secondary metabolites (flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins) that have the potential as IGRs. This research aims to analyze the activity of an ethanol extract of Piper ornatum leaves as an IGR against Aedes aegypti larvae. The study employed the true experimental method with a post-test only control group design consisting of 6 treatment groups: 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 1.5%, negative control (aquadest), and positive control (pyriproxyfen 0.025mg/L). Treatments were applied to third instar larvae for 7 days with 4 repetitions. The observations were calculated using the Inhibition Emergence (IE) Adult% formula. The results indicated that all concentrations of the ethanol extract of Piper ornatum leaves exhibited IGR activity against Aedes aegypti, with an IE Adult% of 100% in the concentration range of 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, and 1.5%. Keywords: Aedes aegypti, Insect Growth Regulator, Red Betel Abstrak: Demam Berdarah Dengue merupakan penyakit yang ditularkan melalui Aedes aegypti, yang dapat dicegah menggunakan larvasida. Penggunaan larvasida dalam waktu lama menyebabkan resistensi nyamuk tersebut. Sebagai alternatif, digunakan Insect Growth Regulator (IGR). Daun sirih merah (Piper ornatum) bisa dimanfaatkan menjadi IGR. Piper ornatum mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder (flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin) yang berpotensi sebagai IGR. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aktivitas IGR ekstrak etanol daun Piper ornatum terhadap larva Aedes aegypti. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode true experimental dengan rancangan post test only with control group design dari 6 kelompok perlakuan: 0,3%, 0,4%, 0,5%, 1,5%, kontrol negatif (aquadest), dan kontrol positif (pyriproxyfen 0,025mg/L). Perlakuan dipaparkan terhadap larva instar III selama 7 hari dengan 4 kali pengulangan. Hasil pengamatan dihitung menggunakan rumus Inhibition Emergence (IE) Adult%. Hasil menunjukkan semua konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun Piper ornatum memiliki aktivitas IGR terhadap Aedes aegypti dengan IE Adult% sebesar 100% pada rentang konsentrasi 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, dan 1.5%. Kata-kata kunci: Aedes aegypti, Insect Growth Regulator, sirih merah
AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SIRIH MERAH (Piper ornatum) SEBAGAI LARVASIDA TERHADAP LARVA Aedes aegypti Hidayatullah, Syarif Mahardika; Joharman, Joharman; Wydiamala, Erida
Homeostasis Vol 7, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/ht.v7i3.14606

Abstract

Abstract: Dengue fever is caused by dengue virus infection, via Aedes aegypti. Larval control with temefos is effective in killing larvae but causes side effects and resistance due to repeated use. Red betel (Piper ornatum) has secondary metabolite compounds such as alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, and tannins that can interfere with the growth of mosquito larvae. The purpose of this study was to analyze the activity of ethanol extract of Piper ornatum leaves as a natural larvicide. Using pure experimental method with Posttest Only with Control Group Design, consisting of 8 treatment groups: 6 extract concentrations (0.0625%, 0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%), pure water (negative control), temefos 1% (positive control). The treatments were exposed to third instar larvae for 24 and 48 hours with four repetitions. Probit analysis of 48-hour exposure obtained LC50 and LC90 values of 0.521% (0.484-0.603%) and 0.680 (0.594-1.839%). This study shows that 1% and 2% concentrations have 100% mortality rate of larvae in 48 hours. Keywords: Aedes aegypti, dengue fever, larvicide, Piper ornatum, red betel Abstrak: Demam berdarah disebabkan oleh infeksi virus dengue, lewat Aedes aegypti. Pengendalian larva dengan temefos tergolong efektif membunuh larva, tetapi menimbulkan efek samping dan resistensi akibat penggunaan berulang. Sirih merah (Piper ornatum) memiliki senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti alkaloid, fenolik, flavonoid, polifenol, saponin, dan tanin yang dapat mengganggu pertumbuhan larva nyamuk. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis aktivitas ekstrak etanol daun Piper ornatum sebagai larvasida alami. Menggunakan metode eksperimen murni dengan rancangan Posttest Only with Control Group Design, terdiri dari 8 kelompok perlakuan: 6 konsentrasi ekstrak (0.0625%, 0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%), air murni (kontrol negatif), temefos 1% (kontrol positif). Perlakuan dipaparkan pada larva instar III selama 24 dan 48 jam dengan empat kali pengulangan. Analisis probit pemaparan 48 jam diperoleh nilai LC50 dan LC90 sebesar 0.521% (0.484-0.603%) dan 0.680 (0.594-1.839%). Penelitian ini menunjukkan konsentrasi 1% dan 2% memiliki tingkat mortalitas 100% larva dalam 48 Jam. Kata-kata kunci: Aedes aegypti, demam berdarah, larvasida, Piper ornatum, sirih merah
Prevention of Hypertension through the Use of Homemade Herbs and Supplements Fujiati, Fujiati; Isnaini, Isnaini; Joharman, Joharman; Audhah, Nelly Al; Asnawati, Asnawati; Hayatie, Lisda; Sari, Annida Permata; Irawanto, Irawanto
Asian Journal of Community Services Vol. 3 No. 12 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/ajcs.v3i12.12913

Abstract

Globally, approximately 1.28 billion individuals are affected by hypertension, a Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) that represents the second leading risk factor for premature death. Hypertension raises the risk of cardiovascular disease, a global health challenge. Hypertension can result from a lack of information on the disease. Hypertension can be controlled and prevented at the community level through education, the introduction of antihypertensive plants, and training in herbal supplements. To improve public health in West Martapura, counseling and training sessions were held with the PKK. Visual media, leaflets, and demonstrations were used. The mean posttest scores for knowledge about hypertension prevention and control, knowledge of herbal plants with antihypertensive properties, and knowledge and skills in making health supplements from herbal plants were 90.5, 89.0, and 84.5, respectively.