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All Journal ISM (Intisari Sains Medis) : Jurnal Kedokteran
I Wayan Lolik Lesmana
Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan THT-KL, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana, RSUP Sanglah, Bali, Indonesia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology

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Uji daya hambat sediaan tetes telinga ekstrak daun “Tebel-Tebel” (Hoya carnosa) terhadap bakteri gram positif dan gram negatif penyebab Otitis Media Supuratif Kronik (OMSK) aktif tipe benigna secara in-vitro di RSUP Sanglah, Bali, Indonesia I Wayan Lolik Lesmana; Eka Putra Setiawan; I Made Jawi
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 11 No. 2 (2020): (Available online: 1 August 2020)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (334.995 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v11i2.805

Abstract

Background: The recent Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) management by antibiotic Chloramphenicol 1% ear drop seems to be ineffective due to the bacterial resistance, ototoxic effects, and the idiosyncratic response. Traditional medicine from Hoya carnosa leaf as ear drops has been suggested for alternative medicine because of its antibacterial properties. This study aims to evaluate the inhibition test of Hoya carnosa leaf-extract towards gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria causeMethods: An experimental study with a completely randomized post-test control group design has been conducted to the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), which consists of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Enterobacter spp. The Hoya carnosa leaf extract in-ear drop emulsion has been divided into 3 concentrations, such as 1%, 3%, and 5% w/v by simple random technique. As a positive control used Chloramphenicol 1% and as a negative control using 96% ethanol. Each treatment was repeated 5 times and data were analyzed by SPSS version 17 for Windows.Results: There was a significant difference in inhibitory diameter (IH) from ear drop dosage of (Hoya carnosa) leaf emulsions to Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria in concentrations of 3% and 5% (p<0.05). There was a significant difference from the inhibitory drug resistance (DDH) ear drop emulsion preparation leaf extract "tebel-tebel" (Hoya carnosa) concentrations of 1%, 3% and 5% with Cholrampenicol 1% against Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria (p<0.05)Conclusion: There was a significant difference in inhibitory diameter (DDH) and inhibitory drug resistance from Hoya carnosa leaf emulsions ear drops to Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria. Latar Belakang: Penatalaksanaan Otitis Media Supuratif Kronis (OMSK) saat ini dengan antibiotik Kloramfenikol tetes telinga 1% tampaknya tidak efektif karena adanya resistensi bakteri, efek ototoksik, dan respon idiosinkratik. Obat tradisional dari daun Hoya carnosa sebagai obat tetes telinga telah disarankan untuk pengobatan alternatif karena sifat antibakterinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi uji daya hambat ekstrak daun Hoya carnosa terhadap bakteri penyebab gram positif dan gram negatifMetode: Telah dilakukan penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan acak kelompok kontrol post-test pada American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) yang terdiri dari Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Enterobacter spp. Ekstrak daun Hoya carnosa dalam emulsi tetes telinga dibagi menjadi 3 konsentrasi yaitu 1%, 3% dan 5% b / v dengan teknik acak sederhana. Sebagai kontrol positif digunakan Kloramfenikol 1% dan sebagai kontrol negatif menggunakan etanol 96%. Tiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 5 kali dan data dianalisis dengan SPSS versi 17 untuk Windows.Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna dalam uji diameter daya hambat (DDH) antara dosis tetes telinga emulsi daun Hoya carnosa terhadap bakteri Streptococcus pyogenes pada konsentrasi 3% dan 5% (p <0,05). Ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara ekstrak daun “tebel-tebel” (Hoya carnosa) sediaan emulsi tetes telinga konsentrasi 1%, 3% dan 5% dengan Cholrampenicol 1% terhadap bakteri Streptococcus pyogenes (p <0,05).Kesimpulan: Ada perbedaan yang bermakna pada diameter hambat (DDH) dan resistensi obat penghambat emulsi daun Hoya carnosa tetes telinga terhadap bakteri Streptococcus pyogenes.
Potensi antibakteri tetes telinga ekstrak daun Anredera Cordifolia terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa penyebab Otitis Media Supuratif Kronis (OMSK) Ni Putu Oktaviani Rinika Pranitasari; Eka Putra Setiawan; I Wayan Lolik Lesmana
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (292.583 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v13i1.1247

Abstract

Background: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is a chronic inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid mucosa characterized by perforation of the tympanic membrane and persistent discharge from the middle ear. The high resistance rate to CSOM pathogen brings hope for the development of natural-based drugs. The Binahong plant (Anredera cordifolia) has been known for a long time and is widely used as a traditional herb by Indonesian people. Flavonoid, saponins and alkaloids compounds from Binahong leaf extracts in several studies reveal its antibacterial activity. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of Binahong leaf extract ear drops against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, CSOM pathogen in-vitro. Methods: This is an experimental study with a post-test only control group design by testing antibacterial activity of binahong leaf extract at 1%, 3% and 5% concentrations into Pseudomonas aeruginosa American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 9027. Chloramphenicol 1% was used as a positive control and ethanol 96% as a negative control. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 for Windows. Results: The minimum Inhibitory Zone Diameter (IZD) in the treatment groups A1, A2, A3 and A4 was the same, namely 0.00 mm and the maximum IZD in the treatment groups A1, A2, A3, A4 was also the same, which was 0.00 mm, so that the average IZD of the treatment groups A1, A2, A3, A4 was 0.00 mm. Meanwhile, in the A4 treatment group, the minimum IZD was 11.00 mm and the maximum IZD was 12.00 mm, so the average IZD was 11.20 mm. Conclusion: Antibacterial activity of the Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) leaf extract ear drops at 1%, 3% and 5% concentrations showed weak inhibitory response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria.   Latar Belakang: Otitis media supuratif kronis (OMSK) adalah inflamasi kronis mukosa telinga tengah dan mastoid ditandai perforasi membran timpani dan keluarnya cairan dari telinga tengah yang menetap. Tingginya angka resistensi terhadap bakteri penyebab OMSK membawa harapan bagi pengembangan obat yang berbahan dasar alam. Tanaman Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) telah dikenal sejak dahulu dan banyak digunakan sebagai tanaman obat oleh masyarakat di Indonesia. Senyawa flavonoid, saponin dan alkaloid yang terkandung pada daun Binohong diketahui memiliki aktifitas antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri tetes telinga ekstrak daun Binahong terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa penyebab OMSK secara in-vitro. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan post-test only control group design yaitu menguji aktivitas antibakteri berupa diameter daerah hambat (DDH) sediaan tetes telinga ekstrak daun Binahong konsentrasi 1%, 3% dan 5% terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC-9027. Sebagai kontrol positif digunakan Chloramphenicol 1% dan sebagai kontrol negatif digunakan ethanol 96% Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS versi 20 untuk Windows. Hasil: Diameter daerah hambat (DDH) minimal pada kelompok perlakuan A1, A2, A3 dan A4 adalah sama, yaitu 0,00 mm dan DDH maksimal pada kelompok perlakuan A1, A2, A3, A4 juga sama, yaitu sebesar 0,00 mm, sehingga rerata diameter daerah hambat kelompok perlakuan A1, A2, A3, A4 adalah 0,00 mm. Sedangkan pada kelompok perlakuan A4, DDH minimal adalah 11,00 mm dan DDH maksimal sebesar 12,00 mm, sehingga rerata DDH adalah 11,20 mm. Kesimpulan: Aktivitas antibakteri sediaan tetes telinga ekstrak daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) pada konsentrasi 1%, 3% dan 5% menunjukkan respon hambat lemah terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Uji toksisitas akut dan subkronik ekstrak daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia) pada mencit Balb/C betina I Wayan Lolik Lesmana; Eka Putra Setiawan; Ni Putu Oktaviani Rinika Pranitasari
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (370.842 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v13i1.1248

Abstract

Background: The antibacterial potential of Binahong leaf extract has been known but has not been studied further, especially against disease-causing bacteria in the Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) field. The antibacterial activity is made possible by the presence of flavonoid compounds, saponins and alkaloids. This study aims to test the acute toxicity in determining the LD50 value and the subchronic toxicity test in the phytopathological examination of liver and kidney function in female Balb/C mice. Methods: Experimental research was conducted on acute and subchronic toxicity of binahong leaf extract in mice. An acute toxicity test was carried out by giving a single dose of Binahong leaf extract, starting at a dose of 5 mg/kgBW and increasing until 2 mice died or 1 mouse showed symptoms of toxicity. After 28 days of offering Binahong leaf extract, blood serum was taken to check kidney and liver function, while the kidneys and then histopathological examinations were carried out. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 20 for Windows. Results: There was a significant difference in SGPT levels in the group that received binahong extract treatment at a dose of 250 mg/kgBW (24.08±3.08/L), 500 mg/kgBW (26.84±1.47/L), and 1000 mg/kgBW (30.38±0.68/L) compared to the control group (18.18±0.46/L) (p<0.05). Significant differences were also found in BUN and SC levels measurement compared to the control group (p<0.05). However, significant differences in SGOT levels were only found in the binahong extract group at a dose of 500 mg/kgBW (44.88±2.88/L) and 1000 mg/kgBW (58.18±2.56/L) compared to the control (37 ,48±0.44 /L) (p<0.05). Conclusion: There were significant differences in the levels of SGPT, SGOT, BUN, and SC after the administration of various doses of binahong leaf extract in female Balb/C mice.   Latar Belakang: Potensi antibakteri ekstrak daun Binahong telah diketahui namun belum diteliti lebih jauh terutama terhadap bakteri penyebab penyakit di bidang Telinga Hidung dan Tenggorok (THT). Aktivitas antibakteri tersebut dimungkinkan oleh adanya kandungan senyawa flavonoid, saponin dan alkaloid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji toksisitas akut dalam menentukan nilai LD50 dan uji toksisitas subkronik berupa pemeriksaan fungsi hepar dan ginjal secara biokimia dan histopatologi pada mencit Balb/C betina. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental dilakukan terhadap toksisitas akut dan subkronik ekstrak daun Binahong pada mencit. Uji toksisitas akut dilakukan dengan memberikan ekstrak daun Binahong dosis tunggal mulai dari dosis 5 mg/kgBB dan ditingkatkan sampai didapatkan ≥ 2 ekor mencit yang mati atau ≥ 1 ekor mencit menunjukkan gejala toksisitas. Setelah 28 hari pemberian ekstrak daun Binahong, dilakukan pengambilan serum darah untuk diperiksa fungsi ginjal dan hepar, sedangkan organ ginjal dan hepar selanjutnya akan dilakukan pemeriksaan histopatologi. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS versi 20 untuk Windows. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna kadar SGPT pada kelompok yang mendapatkan perlakuan ekstrak binahong dengan dosis 250 mg/kgBB (24,08±3,08 µ/L), 500 mg/kgBB (26,84±1,47 µ/L), dan 1000 mg/kgBB (30,38±0,68 µ/L) dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (18,18±0,46 µ/L) (p<0,05). Perbedaan yang bermakna juga ditemukan pada pengukuran kadar BUN dan SC dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (p<0,05). Akan tetapi perbedaan bermakna kadar SGOT hanya ditemukan pada kelompok ekstrak binahong dengan dosis 500 mg/kgBB (44,88±2,88 µ/L) dan 1000 mg/kgBB (58,18 ± 2,56 µ/L) dibandingkan dengan kontrol (37,48±0,44 µ/L) (p<0,05). Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pada kadar SGPT, SGOT, BUN, dan SC pasca pemberian berbagai dosis ekstrak daun binahong pada mencit Balb/C betina.
Co-Authors Eka Putra Setiawan I Made Jawi Ni Putu Oktaviani Rinika Pranitasari