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All Journal Al-Fiziya: Journal of Materials Science, Geophysics, Instrumentation and Theoretical Physics JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH Saintifik : Jurnal Matematika, Sains, dan Pembelajarannya Journal of Technomaterial Physics International Journal of Social Science, Educational, Economics, Agriculture Research, and Technology (IJSET) PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL FISIKA (E-JOURNAL) Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jambi EINSTEIN (E-JOURNAL)
Russell Ong
Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Astronomy Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Physics Social Sciences Other

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ANALISIS DAN VISUALISASI PERSAMAAN KLEIN-GORDON PADA ELEKTRON DALAM SUMUR POTENSIAL DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PROGRAM MATHEMATIC 10 Syahrul Humaidi; Tua Raja Simbolon; Russell Ong; Widya Nazri Afrida
PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL FISIKA (E-JOURNAL) Vol 5 (2016): PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL FISIKA (E-JOURNAL) SNF2016
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika dan Program Studi Fisika Universitas Negeri Jakarta, LPPM Universitas Negeri Jakarta, HFI Jakarta, HFI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (783.23 KB) | DOI: 10.21009/0305020504

Abstract

Schrödinger equation is a wave equation that describes the behaviour of an electron including determining its energy levels. However, when the motion of electrons was assumed as relativistic motion(vc), then the schrödinger equation must be changed into Klein-Gordon equation(relativistic Schrödinger equation). In order to compare both equations, we analyzed and visualized the Klein-Gordon equation for an electron in a potential well with Wolfram Mathematica 10 software. The visualization from Mathematica 10 gave the same wavefunction graphs and probability density graphs as the Schrödinger equation. The difference is only in the visualization of energy levels graphs. Keywords:Klein-Gordon equation, Mathematica 10, electron, energy levels.
IDENTIFIKASI LITOLOGI MENGGUNAKAN GEOLISTRIK KONFIGURASI WENNER DI DESA LAMA KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG Russell Ong; Hendriwansyah Putra; Ratni Sirait; Lailatul Husna Lubis
EINSTEIN (e-Journal) Vol 10, No 3 (2022): EINSTEIN (e-Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (401.984 KB) | DOI: 10.24114/einstein.v10i3.39514

Abstract

Identifikasi bawah permukaan di Desa Lama dilakukan dengan menggunakan geolistrik konfigurasi wenner untuk mengetahui jenis batuan yang memiliki porositas dan permeabilitas yang cukup tinggi agar dapat ditentukan dalam pembuatan sumur resapan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi bawah permukaaan di Desa Lama Kabupaten Deli Serdang berdasarkan nilai resistvitas dan porositas batuannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat tiga jenis batuan penyusun yaitu batu lempung dengan nilai resistivitas 5,04-13,7  dan tersebar pada jarak 40-170 meter dengan kedalaman 2,58-24,9 meter. Pasir dengan nilai resistivitas 13,7-19,8  dan tersebar pada jarak 15-205 meter dengan kedalaman 2,58-18,5 meter. Kerikil dengan nilai resistivitas 26,6  dan tersebar pada jarak 73-196 meter dengan kedalaman 2,58-10 meter. Jenis batuan yang memiliki porositas tinggi dan mudah dilalui air dengan nilai 20%, permeabilitas (kelolosan) dengan nilai 4100 /hari, nilai resistivitasnya 26,6 . Lapisan ini berada di kedalaman 2,58-10 meter dan tersebar pada jarak 73-196 meter di lokasi penelitian.
Calculating InN/GaN Transmission Coefficient from Single Barrier to Five Barriers with Propagation Matrix and Transfer Matrix Methods Ishmah Ulya; Russell Ong; Yuan Alfinsyah Sihombing
Al-Fiziya: Journal of Materials Science, Geophysics, Instrumentation and Theoretical Physics AL-FIZIYA JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE, GEOPHYSICS, INSTRUMENTATION AND THEORETICAL PHYSICS VOL.5, N
Publisher : Physics Study Programme, Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/fiziya.v5i2.28549

Abstract

In this study, the value of transmission coefficient on InN/GaN semiconductor from a single barrier to five barriers was determined by using the propagation matrix method and the transfer matrix method. This study aims to see the effect of adding a barrier to the number of resonance tunneling that occurs, to see the difference in transmission coefficient values which was obtained with the two methods, and to determine the effectiveness of the program execution process time from the propagation matrix and transfer matrix methods using Matlab programming. The results obtained indicated that the value of the transmission coefficient obtained from the two methods was the same. As the number of barriers increases, the number of resonance tunneling that occurs will increase. These two matrix methods had differences in terms of the effectiveness of the program execution process time and calculation process. The propagation matrix method was considered more effective than the transfer matrix method.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Selulosa Kulit Jagung dan Pati Biji Durian Pada Material Bioplastik Agustina, Akhiria; Mashtura, Masthura; Ong, Rusell
SAINTIFIK Vol 11 No 1 (2025): Saintifik: Jurnal Matematika, Sains, dan Pembelajarannya
Publisher : Universitas Sulawesi Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31605/saintifik.v11i1.547

Abstract

Selulosa pada kulit jagung dan biji durian mempunyai kandungan yang memiliki potensi untuk dijadikan bahan pembuatan plastik. Plastik adalah polimer sintetis yang jumlahnya sedikit, tidak dapat diperbaharui dan sulit terurai. Tujuan Penelitian untuk mengetahui karakteristik bioplastik selulosa kulit jagung dan pati biji durian. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil yang didapat pada penelitian ini bahwa karakteristik yang didapat pada bioplastik selulosa kulit jagung dan pati biji durian yaitu dengan nilai 28 - 57% pada daya serap air, nilai 10 - 60% pada berdigresi, nilai 0,094 - 0,13 mm pada ketebalan, nilai 0,670 - 1,679 Mpa pada kuat tarik dan nilai 10,54048 - 19,699% pada elongasi.
An In-depth Study of Relation Between Band Gap Energy and Lattice Constant for Cubic Phase LiSnX3 (X = F, Cl, Br, and I) Perosvkite Ong, Russell; Sagala, Junaina Sahputri; Rahayu, Siti Utari
Journal of Technomaterial Physics Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Technomaterial Physics
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jotp.v7i1.19772

Abstract

Organic perovskites or inorganic perovskites are very popular among researchers who are designing the most efficient perovskite solar cells. Besides, they can be used as materials for other optoelectronic applications, such as light-emitting diodes. In this paper, we reported the results of studies on the electronic property of LiSnX3 (X = F, Cl, Br, or I) perovskite in the cubic phase. This electronic property is the density of states, which one can determine the band gap energy value. These studies were undertaken to understand the relation between their band gap energy and lattice constant through anion X variations. The Quantum ESPRESSO program calculated These two crucial quantities with norm-conserving Troullier-Martins pseudopotentials and Generalized Gradient Approximation Perdew-Burke-Enzerhof exchange-correlation functional. The computation results show that the band gap energy ranged from 0,3 eV to 0,99 eV while the lattice constant ranged from 6,183 Å to 4,625 Å for anion halide from I till F, respectively. The contrast trend between these quantities' values matches the Kronig-Penney Model.
CALCULATION OF ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF LiBX3 (B = Pb AND Sn; X = Br, Cl AND I) CUBIC PHASE BY DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY Sagala, Junaina Sahputri; Sirait, Ratni; Ong, Russell
EINSTEIN (e-Journal) Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024): EINSTEIN (e-Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/ein.v12i3.61583

Abstract

Perovskite solar cells utilize perovskite as the active material to convert sunlight into electrical energy. Perovskite is a compound with a crystal structure of ABX₃, where A and B are cations, and X is an anion, usually a halide. Research continues to find perovskites with high efficiency. This efficiency is related to the electronic structure, which can be analyzed using Density Functional Theory (DFT). In this study, the electronic structure of cubic phase LiBX₃ perovskites (B = Pb and Sn; X = Br, Cl, and I) is investigated using Quantum ESPRESSO software. Various parameters such as cut-off energy, k-points, and lattice constants were modified to obtain optimal values. From the optimization results, the band gap, DOS, and PDOS values for the six perovskites were obtained. The resulting band gap energy (Eg) are LiPbBr₃ at 1,71 eV, LiPbCl₃ at 1,87 eV, LiPbI₃ at 1,43 eV, LiSnBr₃ at 0,51 eV, LiSnCl₃ at 0,65 eV, and LiSnI₃ at 0,28 eV. These results show that the band gap energy values increase with the change in atomic radius from Sn to Pb and decrease with the change in atomic radius from Cl, Br to I. The electronic structure calculations of LiBX₃ (B = Pb and Sn; X = Br, Cl, and I) show semiconductor properties that have the potential to be used as light-absorbing materials in perovskite solar cells. This study states that LiBX₃ has great potential in solar cell applications and offers a deep understanding of the relationship between crystal structure and its electronic properties.
CALCULATION OF ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CUBIC PHASE CH3NH(3)PbCl3 USING DENSITY FUNCTIONAL METHOD Ong, Russell; Sagala, Junaina Sahputri
EINSTEIN (e-Journal) Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): EINSTEIN (e-Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/eins.v13i1.63453

Abstract

Organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskite-based solar cells such as CH3NH3PbCl3 are known to have many advantages such as low price, simple preparation process and high photoelectric conversion rate. Therefore, we performed theoretical calculations to determine the electronic properties and mechanical properties of CH3NH(3)PbCl3material with space group p3m3 with bulk system in this study. Both properties are calculated by the Density Functional Theory (DFT) method through Quantum ESPRESSO software. The electronic properties discussed include electronic band structure, density of states (DOS) curve, and projected density of state s (PDOS) curve, while the mechanical properties include elasticity constant (Cij), limb modulus (B), Young's modulus (E), shear modulus (G), and Poisson's ratio (ʋ). To determine these properties, the optimum lattice constant must be achieved through optimization of k-points and cut-off kinetic energy. The results show that the value of the lattice gap is 2.49 eV, and C11, C21, C44, limbal modulus, Young's modulus, shear modulus, and Poisson's ratio are 143.83 GPa, 21.22 GPa, 28.24 GPa, 62.09 GPa, 101.75 GPa, 41.47 GPa, and 0.23 GPa, respectively. This shows that the cubic phase CH3NH3PbCl3 waste material is mechanically stable which also has great potential as a perovskite semiconductor material.
LIQUEFACTION POTENTIAL ANALYSIS BASED ON THE GLOBAL GEOSPATIAL MODEL (GGM) METHOD IN TARUTUNG DISTRICT Nova Aulia Rahma Nasution; Ratni Sirait; Russell Ong; Sugeng
International Journal of Social Science, Educational, Economics, Agriculture Research and Technology (IJSET) Vol. 4 No. 10 (2025): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijset.v4i10.1079

Abstract

This study focuses on knowing the Vs30 value in Tarutung District, knowing the Peak Ground Velocity (PGV) value in Tarutung District, knowing the potential for liquefaction in Tarutung District using the Global Geospatial Model (GGM) method. The results of this study are that the Vs30 value in Tarutung District has a distribution in the range of 255 M / S which is in the North to the Northeast and covers almost half of the Tarutung District area with a classification of medium soil type, very dense soil or soft rock, up to 897.8 M / S which is spread in the lower southwest direction of Tarutung District to several points to the southeast of Tarutung District with a classification of very dense soil type or soft rock and rock. The PGV value in Tarutung District based on the worst earthquake scenario in the Toru segment of the Sumatran fault varies in the range of 7.94 cm/s to 15.20 cm/s. The potential for liquefaction in Tarutung District based on the Global Geospatial Model has various values. The lowest percentage value of liquefaction probability is 0.024, which is in the north, southeast, and northwest of Tarutung District, and the highest percentage value of probability is 0.961, which is in the northeast and southwest of Tarutung District.
THE EFFECT OF PROVIDING GOAT MANURE AND ADDITIN WATER WITH THE PARTIAL ROOT ZONE (PRD) METHOD IN INCREASING THE GROWTH AND PRODUCTION OF TOMATO PLANTS (LYCOPERSICUM ESCULENTUM MILL) USING A DIGITAL SOIL MOISTURE METER IN NORTH SUMATERA Idris, M.; Selvia, Irda Nila; Ong, Russell; Armansyah, Armansyah; Kamarudin, Mohd Khairul Amri
Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jambi Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Volume 9, Nomor 2, June 2025
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jiituj.v9i2.41934

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the Partial Rootzone Drying (PRD) irrigation method, the application of goat manure as organic fertilizer, and the interaction of both treatments on the growth and yield of tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) in North Sumatra. The research responds to the urgent need for sustainable agricultural practices that conserve water and enhance soil fertility, especially in tropical regions facing irregular rainfall and declining soil quality. A field experiment was conducted using a factorial randomized block design to test various levels of goat manure combined with the PRD technique. Observations focused on vegetative growth parameters (plant height, number of leaves, dry weight, chlorophyll content, Relative Growth Rate), nutrient uptake (N, P, and K), and production indicators (fruit number and sugar content). Data were analyzed statistically to determine the significance and interaction effects of treatments. The results show that goat manure significantly improves vegetative growth and fruit production, with higher doses correlating positively to increases in biomass and nutrient uptake. The PRD method led to a 25% reduction in water use without compromising plant productivity. Importantly, the combination of PRD and organic manure application produced synergistic effects, enhancing both growth and yield while optimizing water and nutrient efficiency. This study introduces a novel integrated approach to tomato cultivation that combines precision irrigation (PRD) and organic soil enrichment, offering a replicable model for sustainable, water-efficient horticulture in resource-constrained agricultural regions.
A DFT STUDY ON THE PHONON PROPERTIES OF PEROVSKITES ASnCl3 (A = K, Rb, AND Cs) Russell Ong; Dinda Fadhilah Nur Azimmi
EINSTEIN (e-Journal) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): EINSTEIN (e-Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/ra9zef54

Abstract

Inorganic perovskites such as ASnCl3 (A = K, Rb, and Cs) are widely used in solar cells because they are known to have many advantages, such as being easily obtainable and having high efficiency. Therefore, in this study, we conducted computational study to determine the phonon properties of ASnCl3 perovskites (A = K, Rb, and Cl) with a pm3m space group in a bulk system. These properties were calculated using density functional theory (DFT) through the Quantum ESPRESSO program. The phonon properties discussed are phonon density of states (PHDOS) and phonon dispersion. In addition, the dielectric constant was also calculated because the code is straightfoward in the dynamical matrix process. To calculate the phonon properties, the optimum lattice constant must be achieved through k-point optimization and kinetic energy cut-off. The results show that the highest phonon distribution in KSnCl3, RbSnCl3, and ClSnCl3 perovskites is at frequencies of -68.52 cm-1, -55.37 cm-1, and 55.83 cm-1, respectively. The presence of phonon distribution or phonon dispersion curves at negative frequencies explains that ASnCl3 perovskites (A = K, Rb, and Cl) are unstable perovskites. Nevertheless, the dielectric constants of these three perovskites are quite good, making them very promising as active materials for perovskite solar cells. When compared to the reference static dielectric constants, the obtained values are consistent with the Lyddane‒Sachs‒Teller relation.
Co-Authors Abdul Halim Daulay Agustina, Akhiria Armansyah Armansyah Dinda Fadhilah Nur Azimmi Ditya Afriliya Syanda Hendriwansyah Putra Irda Nila Selvia Ishmah Ulya Kamarudin, Mohd Khairul Amri Lailatul Husna Lubis M. Idris Mashtura, Masthura Mulkan Iskandar Nasution Nova Aulia Rahma Nasution Rahayu, Siti Utari Ratni Sirait Ratni Sirait Ratni Sirait, Ratni Sagala, Junaina Sahputri Siti Sulistiawati Sugeng Sugeng Syahrul Humaidi, Syahrul Tua Raja Simbolon Widya Nazri Afrida Yuan Alfinsyah Sihombing