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All Journal JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal
Nurasiah Djaenuddin, Nurasiah
Balai Penelitian Tanaman Serealia Jl. Dr. Ratulangi No. 274, Maros, Sulawesi Selatan
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Other

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EFEKTIVITAS BIOPESTISIDA BACILLUS SUBTILIS BNt 8 DAN PESTISIDA NABATI UNTUK PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT HAWAR PELEPAH DAN UPIH DAUN JAGUNG Djaenuddin, Nurasiah; Muis, Amran
JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Vol 17, No 1 (2017): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (136.944 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/j.hptt.11753-61

Abstract

Effectiveness of the biopesticide of Bacillus subtilis BNt 8 and botanical pesticide in controlling banded leaf and sheath blight disease on maize. Banded leaf and sheath blight disease (BLSB) caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani is difficult to control because it pertained soil borne fungus that can survive in a long time in the soil. Control the disease with synthetic pesticide causing contamination to the environment, so that an environmentally friendly alternative control is needed. This study aimed to obtain a Bacillus subtilis formulation as biological agents and selected botanical pesticides that effective to control BLSB in the field. The study was conducted at the Plant Pathology Laboratory of Indonesia Cereals Research Institutein Maros and at the Bajeng Experimental Farm in Gowa, held from February to August 2015. The reatments consists of several botanical pesticides, B. subtilis formulation, a synthetic fungicide, positive and negative controls. In vitro test was inhibition test between botanical pesticide with R. solani and antagonistic test between the B. subtilis and botanical pesticides, each of them consists of 6 treatments and 3 replications, while the field activity consists of test of effectiveness of single treatment and combination between B. subtilis formulation and botanical pesticides. The results showed that combination of formulated B. subtilis with botanical pesticide of cloves leaves, betel leaves, and turmeric were not significantly different from single treatment of formulated B. subtilis and botanical pesticides. Formulated B. subtilis suppressed the severity of BLSB as much as 39.1% and yield reached 8.4 t/ha.
CORRELATION OF STOMATA DENSITY TO RUST SEVERITY ON SOME ACCESSIONS OF MAIZE GERMPLASM ., Suriani; Djaenuddin, Nurasiah; Talanca, A.Haris
JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Vol 18, No 2 (2018): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/j.hptt.21895-104

Abstract

Correlation of stomata density to rust severity on some accessions of maize germplasm. Rust is an important disease on maize. Control of rust using resistant varieties is recommended because it is more practical and environmental friendly. This research aims to study on the correlation of stomata density to rust severity on the several maize germplasm accessions. The research was conducted in Bontobili Farm Experimental Station and ICERI Pathology Laboratory, held from March to August 2017; it used Randomized Block Design with 2 replicates. As much as 30 corn germplasm accessions and 2 varieties for comparison (Bima 10 and Anoman) were planted by spacing 20 x 70 cm. The inoculation of Puccinia sp. was allowed to occur naturally. Printing of stomata was conducted with painted the lower part of corn leaf with nail polish transparent. After drying, it was pasted with clear isolation and then it was pulled and saved on glass object. Observed parameters were rust severity on the age of 50, 60, 70 days after planting and density of stomata. Results of the experiment showed that disease severity of germplasm accession number 2, 218 and 243 were not significant with comparison (tolerant variety). Germplasm with accession number 234 was categorized tolerant to rust. The rust infection rate on all accession were categorized by mild to moderate. Density of stomata of each maize germplasm accession was significantly correlated with rust severity, the increase of stomata density could increase of rust severity at 0.73%.
THE EFFECTIVENESS COMBINATION OF RESISTANT VARIETIES AND METALAXIL FUNGICIDE IN CONTROLLING DOWNY MILDEW DISEASE (PERONOSCLEROSPORA MAYDIS) IN MAIZE PLANT Pakki, Syahrir; Djaenuddin, Nurasiah
JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Vol 19, No 1 (2019): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (265.728 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/j.hptt.11942-51

Abstract

Downy mildew caused by Peronosclerospora maydis is an important disease in the centers of corn cultivation in Java. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a combination of metalaxyl fungicide and varieties that have a high sustainability of downy mildew caused by P. maydis. The study was conducted in Kediri, East Java, which is an endemic area of downy mildew caused by P. maydis. The Split Plot Design with 3 replications was used in this study. The main plots were 5 corn varieties (1) Bima-3 Bantimurung, (2) Bima-20 URI, (3) Lagaligo, (4) Bima-15 Sayang, and (5) Anoman as a susceptible check. The subplots were 5 levels of seed treatment dose with metalaxyl fungicide (0 g/kg, 2 g/kg, 3 g/kg, 5 g/kg, and 7 g/kg seeds). The combination of resistant varieties with metalaxyl at a dose level of 5 g and 7 g/kg of corn seeds was effective in controlling downy mildew caused by P. maydis. In Bima-3 varieties Bantimurung and Lagaligo showed low infection reactions of 7.7-8.1%, and 10.4?11.2% respectively. In a combination of treatment conditions of susceptible varieties (Anoman) with 2, 3, 5 and 7 g/kg seeds, disease incidence reach 100% or most of the plants die. The lower incidence was also followed by yield, ear length and weight of a 1000 seeds that higher than other treatments. The combination of the use of susceptible variety with 2 g to 7 g/kg of metallaxyl doses was not effective in controlling downy mildew caused by P. maydis.
SCREEN HOUSE TEST OF EIGHT BIOPESTICIDE FORMULATION BACILLUS SUBTILIS AGAINST DOWNY MILDEW, PERONOSCLEROSPORA PHILIPINENSIS, ON CORN PLANT Djaenuddin, Nurasiah; Muis, Amran; Nonci, Nurnina
JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Vol 18, No 1 (2018): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (151.139 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/j.hptt.11851-56

Abstract

Screen House Test of Eight Biopesticide Formulation Bacillus subtilis against Downy Mildew, Peronosclerospora philipinensis, on Corn Plant. Corn downy mildew (DM) caused by Peronosclerospora spp. is a major constraint to the decline in maize production because it can cause yield loss up to 100%. So far, DM was successfully controlled with metalxyl fungicide. But lately, the effectiveness of this fungicide has begun to decline, so there is a need for an appropriate and environmentally friendly control alternative, one of which is the use of biological control agents. The aim of this study was to know the influence of eight types of biopesticide formulation of Bacillus subtilis in controlling DM of corn plant. The study was conducted at the screenhouse of the Indonesian Cereals Research Institute at Maros from November to December 2016. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with nine treatments and three replications. The treatment consisted of seed treatment with eight types of B. subtilis formulations (TM4, TM3, BNt4, BNt5, BNt6, BNt8, BJ6, and TLB1) and one treatment with sterile water (control). The variety used was Anoman which is known to be highly susceptible to DM. The variables observed included number of germination, the incidence and incubation period of disease, plant height, and dry weight of the plant. The results showed that the eight B. subtilis formulations had the potential to suppress DM in corn. The symptom of DM began to be seen at 18 days after planting (DAP) on the treatment of BNt8, while the controls have been seen at 12 HST. B. subtilis TM formulation has the highest potential to suppress DM with the percentage of disease suppression reaching 63.1%.
Evaluasi Ketahanan Genotipe Jagung Hibrida terhadap Penyakit Hawar Daun Maydis dan Karat Daun Mirsam, Hishar; Suriani, Suriani; Djaenuddin, Nurasiah; Makkulawu, Andi Takdir; Abdullah, Fandi
Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal 2021: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 “Sustainable Urban Farming Guna Meningkatka
Publisher : Pusat Unggulan Riset Pengembangan Lahan Suboptimal (PUR-PLSO) Universitas Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Mirsam H, Suriani S, Makkulawu AT, Djaenuddin N, Abdullah F.  2021. Evaluation of resistance of hybrid corn genotypes against leaf blight and leaf rust diseases. In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 Tahun 2021, Palembang 20 Oktober 2021. pp. 305-313. Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI).Plant pathogens are one of the causes of corn yield loss in Indonesia. Evaluation of the resistance of hybrid maize genotypes against major pathogens is deemed necessary as the first step in the management of the pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate the resistance reaction of the prospective hybrid corn varieties against the primary disease of corn. This study was conducted at two different locations. The location was at the Agricultural Technology Research and Assessment Installation (ATRAI) of the Indonesian Cereals Research Institute in Bajeng District, Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi. The study was conducted using spreader row plants as a source of inoculum for the test pathogen that planted around the experimental block. Spreader rows were inoculated with conidia suspension of the fungus Bipolaris maydis for leaf blight and the pathogen Puccinia polysora for leaf rust in the afternoon with a spore density of about 6 x104 conidia/ml. The results showed that there were 16 genotypes reacted moderately resistant and 7 genotypes reacted susceptible against  B. maydis. In addition, there were 11 genotypes reacted moderately resistance and 12 genotypes that reacted susceptible against P. polysora.
Co-Authors Abdullah, Fandi Amran Muis Andi Takdir Makkulawu Hishar Mirsam Nurnina Nonci Suriani ., Suriani Suriani Suriani Syahrir Pakki Talanca, A.Haris